Wound Management

Question 1

What is an open wound?

Answer 1

An injury that causes a break in the skin

May take weeks/ months to heal

Question 2

What is a closed wound?

Answer 2

Injury does not cause break in skin , damage to underlying tissues

Question 3

What is a clean wound?

Answer 3

A surgical wound, no break in sterility

Question 4

What is a clean-contaminated wound?

Answer 4

Surgical wounds of respiratory, urogenital or gastrointestinal systems where full sterility cannot fully be achieved

Question 5

What is a contaminated wound?

Answer 5

Wound which have been contaminated but fresh

Question 6

What is a dirty wound?

Answer 6

Active infection present, a wound more than 6 hours old

Question 7

What is first intention healing?

Answer 7

Occurs in clean ​surgical wounds ​which are sutured. ​

It occurs over a ​period of 14 days

Question 8

What is second intention healing?

Answer 8

This happens when the wound edges are unable to be sutured together because of tissue loss.

Question 9

What are the 3 phases of wound heaing?

Answer 9

1. Inflammatory
2. Proliferative
3. Remodelling

Question 10

What is the inflammatory phase?

Answer 10

Triggered by activication of platelets and fibrin in blood clot.

Neutrophils are attracted to damaged tissues which clear up bacteria and necrtoic tissue

Question 11

What is Proliferative phase?

Answer 11

Granulation ​- Bright red and firm, but easily damage. serves as a barrier​. Fibroclasts lay down a bed of collagen

Contraction- Wound edges pull together – up to 30% of the wound can close during this phase.​

Epithelialisation​- Epithelial cells proliferate and migrate – reattach to granulation tissue.​

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Question 12

What is the remodeling phase?

Answer 12

• Scar formation will occur
• can take 3 weeks to 2 years
• New coolagen froms and increases stength of wound but tissue can only achieve 80% of orginnal stength

Question 13

Reasons for delayed healing

Answer 13

• Infection
• Stress
• Licking
• Tension on wound edges
• Nutrition

Question 14

What is debridement?

Answer 14

Removes all devitalised, contaminated or infected tissue & speeds up healing

Question 15

Primary layer of dressing

Answer 15

In contact with wound, absorbent

Question 16

Seconfary layer

Answer 16

• Used to hold the primary layer in place
• Provides padding

Question 17

Tertiary Bandage Layer

Answer 17

• Protects the other layers of the bandage from soiling and mutilation
• usually cohesive/adhesive