Wound Healing Flashcards
What are the 4 stages of wound healing?
Coagulation/Haemostasis, Inflammation, Migration/Proliferation, Remodelling
In haemostasis, what are the main cell types involved? What do they do?
Platelets - deposition of aggregation, fibrin clot formation.
When does inflammation after a wound? What are the main cell types? What do they do?
Occurs around 48 hours after. 1) Platelets. 2) Neutrophils - phagocytosis. 3) Monocyte/macrophage - debridement, cell recruitment, matrix synthesis regulation.
What are the 4 stages in migration/proliferation?
1) Re-epithelialisation, 2) Angiogenesis, 3) Fibroplasia, 4) Granulation tissue
What happens in re-epithelialisation?
Single keratinocyte layer migrates under fibrin clot
What happens in angiogenesis? What cells provide stimulation for this?
Start as endothelial cell buds, and moves towards wound space. Macrophages and keratinocytes provide stimulation.
What happens in remodelling? Which is the most important cell type?
Matrix remodels over time, ECM to Collage to Scar to Fibrosis. Fibroblast is the most important cell type.
What are the main cells involved in migration/proliferation?
Macrophages, lymphocytes, Fibroblasts, Epithelial cells, endothelial cells
In angiogenesis, which two soluble factors are important?
VEGF and PDGF
What soluble factors are important in coagulation?
Degranulation of platelets to release cytokines and GF. PDGF, TGFb, fibronectin also important.
How do macrophages regulate matrix synthesis regulation in inflammation?
Growth factors (VEGF, TGFb), Cytokines (IL-1, TFNgamma), Degradative enzymes, Eicosanoids
