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Biology 11 > Worms > Flashcards

Worms Flashcards

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1
Q

A body cavity which forms in more advanced animals:

A

Coelom

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2
Q

The phylum for worms that are flat

A

Phylum Platyhelminthes

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3
Q

This phylum contains unsegmented roundworms

A

Phylum Nematoda

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4
Q

Blood-sucking organisms which are part of the phylum Annelida

A

Leeches

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5
Q

Which worms cause the condition elephantiasis?

A

Filarial Worms (Nematodes)

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6
Q

A thick band of segments towards anterior end of an earthworm which is a cocoon into where sperm and eggs are released?

A

Clitellum

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7
Q

Small parasitic flatworms that live in tissues of host. Eg. liver and blood

A

Fluke worms

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8
Q

Bristly, hairlike structures found on segments of an earthworm that contribute in its locomotion.

A

Setae

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9
Q

Most of a tapeworms body is made up of which organs ?

A

Reproductive

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10
Q

_____ roundworm have a pseudocoelom because their body cavity is only partially filled with misoderm tissue

A

Unsegmented

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11
Q

Annelids usually have a ______ circulatory system

A

Closed

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12
Q

A parasitic flatworm that lives in intestinal tracts

A

Tapeworm

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13
Q

Muscular tube that extends out of planaria(flatworms) worms for feeding

A

Pharynx

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14
Q

What is the scolex ?

A

“Head” region of a tapeworm

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15
Q

Instead of a brain, some flatworms have these less complicated collections of nerve cells called ________.

A

Ganglia

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16
Q

What is the phylum for segmented roundworms ?

A

Annelida

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17
Q

Internal walls between each segment in an earthworm

A

Septa

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18
Q

Flatworms don’t have _____ which allows for undirectional digestion

A

Anus

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19
Q

What are flame cells?

A

Cells which some flatworms contain that aid in excretion

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20
Q

What is a Crop

A

Structure used to store food before it goes into gizzard of an earthworm

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21
Q

Which worms have true coelom? (Entire cavity lined with mesodermal tissue)

A

Segmented round worms

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22
Q

Repeating reproductive segments which make up a tapeworms body

A

Proglotidds

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23
Q

What is a hermaphrodite?

A

An organism with both sex reproductive organs

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24
Q

Structures that help a tapeworm hang on in intestinal tract of host

A

Hooks, suckers

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25
Q

What do tapeworms not need? Why?

A

They don’t need a digestive system , because they eat already digested food from host. (They live in intestines)

26
Q

Which type of roundworm bury larvae in tissues and organs of host to form cysts ?

A

Trichinella worms

27
Q

Which worms don’t have a coelom at all and are considered acoelomates?

A

Flatworms

28
Q

What are Guinea worms?

A

Parasitic worms that grow in appendages of host. They can only be removed slowly by wrapping them around a stick.

29
Q

What is a gizzard in a earthworm?

A

A muscular structure in the guy of the earthworm that grinds food into smaller pieces.

30
Q

Specialized excretory organs in segmented roundworms which filter fluid in the coelom are called _____.

A

Nephridia

31
Q

What two body systems do flat worms NOT have ?

A

Circulatory and Respiratory

32
Q

How do flatworms breathe?

A

Take in oxygen, they breath through their skin which they have to keep moist

33
Q

flatworms have a digestive system
True or False ?

A

True

34
Q

Flatworms have a nervous system.
True or False

A

True : they have a very simple one, with two nerve cords running down either side of body and have two simple brains called ganglia.

35
Q

flatworms are hermaphrodites.
True or False?

A

True

36
Q

How do platyhelminthes reproduce ?

A

They are able to reproduce asexually and sexually but sexual reproduction is preferable. They deposit their eggs in host.

37
Q

Flatworms have a two way in and out system.
True or False?

A

False, they don’t have an anus, and therefore eat and excrete/eliminate through same hole.

38
Q

Name two types of flatworms.

A

Tape worm
Fluke worms
Turbellaria

39
Q

Name two types of segmented roundworms

A

Earth worm
Leeches

40
Q

Name two types of Unsegmented roundworms

A

Trichinella worms
Pin worms
Whip worms
Ascaris

41
Q

What are the three classes of Annelids?

A

Polychaetes - marine worms
Oligochaetes - earthworms and freshwater worms
Hirudinea - leeches

42
Q

What is a significant ecological role played by annelids ?

A

Reworking of soil and sendiments

43
Q

What is the symmetry of a annelid

A

Bilateral

44
Q

How do earthworms respire?

A

Through their skin

45
Q

How many accessory hearts do earthworms have

A

5

46
Q

Ventral=

A

Belly , underside

47
Q

Dorsal =

A

Back, top side

48
Q

earthworms have nervous systems. True or false ?

A

True: they a have simple and sensitive nervous system

49
Q

Earthworms are not hermaphroditic.
True or False

A

False

50
Q

What is the symmetry of nematodes ?

A

Bilateral

51
Q

Nematodes have three tissue layers , those are :

A

Ectoderm , mesoderm, and endoderm.

52
Q

What do nematodes eat?

A

Fungi , Algae , bacteria, plants, or other nematodes.

53
Q

What type of digestive system do nematodes have?

A

They have a mouth opening and a anus opening

54
Q

How do nematodes excrete?

A

They excrete via diffusion through body walls

55
Q

How do nematodes respire ?

A

They diffuse oxygen into their body, and carbon dioxide out of their body. They don’t have a true specialized respiratory system.

56
Q

Nematodes have a circulatory system
True or false?

A

False: they don’t have one. Body fluids percolate between cells to help distribute nutrients , gases and waste products

57
Q

How do nematodes move?

A

Use muscles to thrash around or swim

58
Q

nematodes have a nervous system.
True or false?

A

True: they have 4 peripheral nerves that run along the length of their body on the dorsal, ventral and lateral surfaces.

59
Q

What receptors do nematodes have that help them detect prey or hosts?

A

Chemoreceptors

60
Q

Nematodes are hermaphrodites.
True or false?

A

False: they are dioecious, either male or female.

Biology 11 (3 decks)

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