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Biology 11 > Worms > Flashcards

Worms Flashcards

1
Q

A body cavity which forms in more advanced animals:

A

Coelom

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2
Q

The phylum for worms that are flat

A

Phylum Platyhelminthes

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3
Q

This phylum contains unsegmented roundworms

A

Phylum Nematoda

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4
Q

Blood-sucking organisms which are part of the phylum Annelida

A

Leeches

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5
Q

Which worms cause the condition elephantiasis?

A

Filarial Worms (Nematodes)

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6
Q

A thick band of segments towards anterior end of an earthworm which is a cocoon into where sperm and eggs are released?

A

Clitellum

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7
Q

Small parasitic flatworms that live in tissues of host. Eg. liver and blood

A

Fluke worms

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8
Q

Bristly, hairlike structures found on segments of an earthworm that contribute in its locomotion.

A

Setae

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9
Q

Most of a tapeworms body is made up of which organs ?

A

Reproductive

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10
Q

_____ roundworm have a pseudocoelom because their body cavity is only partially filled with misoderm tissue

A

Unsegmented

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11
Q

Annelids usually have a ______ circulatory system

A

Closed

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12
Q

A parasitic flatworm that lives in intestinal tracts

A

Tapeworm

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13
Q

Muscular tube that extends out of planaria(flatworms) worms for feeding

A

Pharynx

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14
Q

What is the scolex ?

A

“Head” region of a tapeworm

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15
Q

Instead of a brain, some flatworms have these less complicated collections of nerve cells called ________.

A

Ganglia

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16
Q

What is the phylum for segmented roundworms ?

A

Annelida

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17
Q

Internal walls between each segment in an earthworm

A

Septa

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18
Q

Flatworms don’t have _____ which allows for undirectional digestion

A

Anus

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19
Q

What are flame cells?

A

Cells which some flatworms contain that aid in excretion

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20
Q

What is a Crop

A

Structure used to store food before it goes into gizzard of an earthworm

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21
Q

Which worms have true coelom? (Entire cavity lined with mesodermal tissue)

A

Segmented round worms

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22
Q

Repeating reproductive segments which make up a tapeworms body

A

Proglotidds

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23
Q

What is a hermaphrodite?

A

An organism with both sex reproductive organs

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24
Q

Structures that help a tapeworm hang on in intestinal tract of host

A

Hooks, suckers

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25
What do tapeworms not need? Why?
They don’t need a digestive system , because they eat already digested food from host. (They live in intestines)
26
Which type of roundworm bury larvae in tissues and organs of host to form cysts ?
Trichinella worms
27
Which worms don’t have a coelom at all and are considered acoelomates?
Flatworms
28
What are Guinea worms?
Parasitic worms that grow in appendages of host. They can only be removed slowly by wrapping them around a stick.
29
What is a gizzard in a earthworm?
A muscular structure in the guy of the earthworm that grinds food into smaller pieces.
30
Specialized excretory organs in segmented roundworms which filter fluid in the coelom are called _____.
Nephridia
31
What two body systems do flat worms NOT have ?
Circulatory and Respiratory
32
How do flatworms breathe?
Take in oxygen, they breath through their skin which they have to keep moist
33
flatworms have a digestive system True or False ?
True
34
Flatworms have a nervous system. True or False
True : they have a very simple one, with two nerve cords running down either side of body and have two simple brains called ganglia.
35
flatworms are hermaphrodites. True or False?
True
36
How do platyhelminthes reproduce ?
They are able to reproduce asexually and sexually but sexual reproduction is preferable. They deposit their eggs in host.
37
Flatworms have a two way in and out system. True or False?
False, they don’t have an anus, and therefore eat and excrete/eliminate through same hole.
38
Name two types of flatworms.
Tape worm Fluke worms Turbellaria
39
Name two types of segmented roundworms
Earth worm Leeches
40
Name two types of Unsegmented roundworms
Trichinella worms Pin worms Whip worms Ascaris
41
What are the three classes of Annelids?
Polychaetes - marine worms Oligochaetes - earthworms and freshwater worms Hirudinea - leeches
42
What is a significant ecological role played by annelids ?
Reworking of soil and sendiments
43
What is the symmetry of a annelid
Bilateral
44
How do earthworms respire?
Through their skin
45
How many accessory hearts do earthworms have
5
46
Ventral=
Belly , underside
47
Dorsal =
Back, top side
48
earthworms have nervous systems. True or false ?
True: they a have simple and sensitive nervous system
49
Earthworms are not hermaphroditic. True or False
False
50
What is the symmetry of nematodes ?
Bilateral
51
Nematodes have three tissue layers , those are :
Ectoderm , mesoderm, and endoderm.
52
What do nematodes eat?
Fungi , Algae , bacteria, plants, or other nematodes.
53
What type of digestive system do nematodes have?
They have a mouth opening and a anus opening
54
How do nematodes excrete?
They excrete via diffusion through body walls
55
How do nematodes respire ?
They diffuse oxygen into their body, and carbon dioxide out of their body. They don’t have a true specialized respiratory system.
56
Nematodes have a circulatory system True or false?
False: they don’t have one. Body fluids percolate between cells to help distribute nutrients , gases and waste products
57
How do nematodes move?
Use muscles to thrash around or swim
58
nematodes have a nervous system. True or false?
True: they have 4 peripheral nerves that run along the length of their body on the dorsal, ventral and lateral surfaces.
59
What receptors do nematodes have that help them detect prey or hosts?
Chemoreceptors
60
Nematodes are hermaphrodites. True or false?
False: they are dioecious, either male or female.

Biology 11 (3 decks)

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