worms

Question 1

how do worms reproduce?

Answer 1

release eggs in humans

DONT ‘MULTIPLY’ IN HUMANS, they need a period of development outside the human body (might need a specific environment )

Question 2

are worms unicellular or multicellular ?

Answer 2

multicellular

Question 3

what antibody response is triggered by a worm ?

Answer 3

IgE

but poor response

Question 4

what is the pathophysiology of worms ?

worm evasion

Answer 4

They establish a hyporesponsiveness

No strong immune response against this parasite due to antigenic shielding

Decreased antigen expression by adult

Glycolipid/ glycoprotein coat (host derived) on the worm shields it too because has host cell antigens - a disguise!

Question 5

define the ‘pre patent period’

Answer 5

The PRE-PATENT PERIOD is the interval between infection and the appearance of eggs in the stool.

varies with different worms

Question 6

helminths are divided into 3 groups. what are these called?

Answer 6

Nematodes (roundworms)

Trematodes (flatworms, flukes)

Cestodes (tapeworms)

Question 7

what’s the most common mode of transmission for worms?

Answer 7

foecal-> oral transmission

Question 8

give examples of worms

Answer 8

Ascariasis,
Hookworm,
Pinworm/threadworm (Enterobius vermicularis),
strongyloidiasis,
larva migrans,
toxocariasis,
Guinea worm,
elephantiasis,
Loa Loa
Onchocerciasis
Tapeworm
Schistosomiasis

Question 9

what do you call worms that migrate through the skin of the host?

Answer 9

cutaneous (skin) larva migrans.