World War II

Question 1

Versailles Treaty

Answer 1

one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers.

Question 2

“guilt clause”

Answer 2

Article 231, commonly known as the “Guilt Clause” or the “War Guilt Clause”, is the first article in Part VIII, “Reparations” of the Treaty of Versailles.

Question 3

reparations

Answer 3

payments and transfers of property and equipment that Germany was forced to make under the Treaty of Versailles (1919) following its defeat during World War I.

Question 4

demilitarization of Rhineland

Answer 4

had no intentions of using force to maintain the treaty of Versailles, Hitler sent armies into here

Question 5

remilitarization of Rhineland

Answer 5

took place on 7 March 1936 when German military forces entered the Rhineland. This was significant because it violated the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Treaties, marking the first time since the end of World War I that German troops had been in this region.

Question 6

Rhineland

Answer 6

Western Germany, Along the Rhine River

Question 7

Disarmament Conference

Answer 7

was an effort by member states of the League of Nations, together with the U.S. and the United Kingdom, to actualize the ideology of disarmament. Further, all the major powers except the US had committed themselves to disarmament in both the Treaty of Versailles and the Covenant of the League of Nations

Question 8

League of Nations

Answer 8

an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations; although suggested by Woodrow Wilson, the United States never joined and it remained powerless; it was dissolved in 1946 after the United Nations was formed

Question 9

British-German Naval Agreement

Answer 9

was signed between England and Germany in of June 18, 1935. Despite provisions in the Treaty of Versailles, the agreement negotiated by von Ribbentrop allowed Germany to increase the size of its Navy to one-third the size of the Royal navy. At the same time, Britain agreed to withdraw its navy from the Baltic Sea completely, making Germany the dominant power in the Baltic

Question 10

Rome-Berlin Axis

Answer 10

Italy and Germany coalition. Later included Japan.

Question 11

“Spheres of expansion”

Answer 11

none

Question 12

Anti-comintern Pact

Answer 12

an anti-communist pact concluded between Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan (later to be joined by other, mainly fascistic, governments) on November 25, 1936 and was directed against the Communist International (Comintern).

Question 13

“Anschluss” (Austria)

Answer 13

the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938

Question 14

Munich Pact

Answer 14

settlement permitting Nazi Germany’s annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country’s borders mainly inhabited by German speakers, for which a new territorial designation “Sudetenland” was coined.

Question 15

Sudetenland

Answer 15

the German name to refer to those northern, southwest, and western areas of Czechoslovakia which were inhabited mostly by German speakers.

Question 16

Czechoslovakia

Answer 16

remained the only functioning democracy in central and eastern Europe.

Question 17

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

Answer 17

Non-aggression between S.U. and Germany

Question 18

Appeasement

Answer 18

The policy of granting concessions to potential enemies to maintain peace.

Question 19

Isolationism

Answer 19

a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, esp. the political affairs of other countries.

Question 20

“Lebensraum”

Answer 20

the territory that a state or nation believes is needed for its natural development, esp. associated with Nazi Germany.

Question 21

“open door” Policy in China

Answer 21

grant multiple international powers with equal access to China, with none of them in total control of that country

Question 22

Manchuria

Answer 22

a region in northeastern China

Question 23

expansionism

Answer 23

policy of territorial or economic expansion.

Question 24

economic sanctions

Answer 24

are domestic penalties applied by one country on another country. Economic sanctions may include various forms of trade barriers and restrictions on financial transactions

Question 25

embargo

Answer 25

an official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.

Question 26

“freeze” a nation’s assets

Answer 26

none

Question 27

Blitzkreig

Answer 27

an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory.

Question 28

Battle of Britain

Answer 28

the prolonged bombardment of British cities by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and the aerial combat that accompanied it

Question 29

Operation Barbarossa

Answer 29

was the code name for Germany’s invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II

Question 30

Normandy Invasion (D-Day)

Answer 30

the invasion and establishment of Western Allied forces in Normandy, during Operation Overlord in 1944 during World War II. At the time it was the largest amphibious invasion to ever take place.

Question 31

Pearl Harbor

Answer 31

a harbor on Oahu to the west of Honolulu; location of a United States naval base that was attacked by the Japanese

Question 32

Hiroshima

Answer 32

a port city on the southwestern coast of Honshu in Japan; on August 6, 1945 Hiroshima was almost completely destroyed by the first atomic bomb dropped on a populated area

Question 33

Nagasaki

Answer 33

second populated area to receive an atomic bomb