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College US History > WORLD WAR II > Flashcards

WORLD WAR II Flashcards

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1
Q

Major causes of WWII

A
  1. Mistreatment of Germany under the Versailles Treaty
  2. The Great Depression leads to the rise of dictatorship in Europe
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2
Q

Dictators promise what and what did it lead to?

A

Promised to get countries out of the depression and bring prosperity

It lead to the rise of 4 extreme forms of government because the people were desperate

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3
Q

4 Extreme forms of Government

A
  1. Communism - Russia/Soviet Union
  2. Fascism - Italy/Spain
  3. Nazism - Germany
  4. Militarism - Japan
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4
Q

Form of governments shared beliefs/Ideologies

A
  1. Demanded fanatic loyalty to leaders/country
  2. Totalitarian/police states where the police/ gov. control everything(people have no rights)
  3. Racism - superiority of their race
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5
Q

Soviet Union/Russia
What did its leader do when in power

A

Communism - Bolshevik Revolution
Leader Joseph Stalin after death of Vladimir Lenin
- abolished democracy and outlaws all political parties
- Kills all rivals along with 30 million people

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6
Q

Italy
What did its leader do when in power

A

Fascism (Fascist)
Leader Benito Mussolini-(IL Duce) came by force
- Abolished democracy and outlaws all political parties
- Puts all enemies in prison

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7
Q

Spain

A

Fascism (Fascist)
Leader Francisco Franco

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8
Q

Germany
President

A

Nazism
Germany was hit hard by the GREAT Depression
The leader - Paul Von Hindenburg

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9
Q

Weimar Republic

A

Germany’s democratic government set up after WWI

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10
Q

Nazi Party

A

National Socialist Germans Workers Party - Hitler joins in 1919 and in 1921 becomes the leader

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11
Q

Beer Hall Putsch

A

“coup” Hitler tries to overthrow the government and goes to jail in 1924

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12
Q

Mein Kompf

A

“My struggles”- Nazi “Bible” “master race”=Aryan people/Pure Germans

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13
Q

Hitlers election
“Fuh rer”

A

Loses and becomes Chancellor of Germany
Later becomes president and declares himself “absolute ruler”

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14
Q

How Adolf Hitler comes to power?

A
  1. Promises to get the German people out of the Depression(prosperity)- “savior”
  2. Revenge for the German mistreatment in the Versailles Treaty
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15
Q

Brown Shirts
“Third Reich”

A

(stormtroopers)- ones who helped Hilter come to power ( Nazis Militia)
- Abolishes democracy and outlaws all political parties
- Enemies kill or in prison
- Nazi Empire(thousand years)

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16
Q

Gestapo

A

A police state one of the one that keeps Hitler in power
- German secret police

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17
Q

Black Shirts

A

(SS) A police state the other one that keeps Hilter in power
- Hilters personal army - EVIL!!!

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18
Q

Swastika

A

“Blood flag” - Nazi symbol

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19
Q

Hitlers campaign
“Untermensh”

A

to cleanse Germany form the “undesirables” of the world and only the “master race”- Aryans(Blond, blue, white)
- sub human

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20
Q

The Undesirables

A
  • Russia/Polish - slav - Homosexuals
  • Roma(gypsies) - Handicapped
  • Jehovah Witness - Negroes
  • Jews(anti-semitism - Jewish hated)*blamed for Germans lost in WWI
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21
Q

“Mongrels”
*only respect that Hitler had

A

What Hitler consider America as, an impure mixed breed
- only respected Great Britain because of its mighty empire

22
Q

Hitler Youth
(boys and girls)

A

(HJ) 13-18 boys - afternoon clubs both boys and girls
- Girls trained to be strong women - pro strong baby
- Boys were trained to be good soldiers*brainwashed- fanatically loyal to Hitler - Nazi propaganda at school

23
Q

**Hitlers greatest supporters?

A

SS and Hitlers greatest supporters

24
Q

Hitler’s main target?

A

Jews main target for Nazi hatred(scapegoat)
blames all problems on them.

25
Q

Nuremburg Laws
Hitler’s reason for?

A

Anti - Jewish laws in Germany
segregated labeled with “Star of David”
Cannot go to public places: schools, theaters, etc.
Restricted Manual labor
An attempt to get the Jews to leave

26
Q

Kristallnacht

A

“Night of the Broken Glass” an organized massacre against the German Jewish community in Ceremony

27
Q

Jews tried Immigration

A

Not successful because of the Great Depression

28
Q

Japan
Militarist Leader
True Emperor

A

Rise of Millenarianism (glorification of war)
Leader Hideki Tojo
Hirohito - “puppet”

29
Q

*Japans reason for conquest and goal

A

Island so it needs resources
Japans goal is to create an Asian Empire

30
Q

Pan - Asianism

A

attempt to get all Asians to unite against the imperialist European countries under Japans leadership - Unification of Asia

31
Q

Japan’s conquest
Their First targets
War with China
Rape of Nanking

A

Takes over Korea / Aim for China - in a civil war
Conquers Manchuria - “puppet state”
2nd - Sino-Japanese war
“The forgotten Holocaust of WWI”

32
Q

*Italy’s Goal
First Target

A

Restore the Roman empire / create an African Empire.
Ethiopia

33
Q

*Germany’s Goal
Rhineland
Two invasions - “Anschluss”

A

Create an European Empire
Takes it back - it is an Demilitarized zone/buffer between France and Germany
Invades Austria - Unification with Germany
Invades - Sudetenland / Czechoslovakia

34
Q

Spanish Civil War used as?

A

Used as a “dress rehearsal for WWII”

35
Q

Problem : League of Nation, WHY?

A

(Peace keeping organization) does nothing to stop the aggression of Japan, Italy, and Germany
Fear of another World War!

36
Q

Munch Pact :1938
Appeasement Policy

A

Neville Chamberlain - Prime Minister of Britain
Gives in to Hitler’s demand to avoid war

37
Q

Winston Churchill famous quote
Later becomes new Prime Minister

A

“You were given the choice between war and dishonor you chose dishonor and you will have war”

38
Q

Hitler’s Bluff

A

Poland because Germany would have a two front war - France and Soviet Union

39
Q

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

A

Germany - Soviet NON-Aggression past- alliance between them

40
Q

Sept. 3, 1939

A

WWII officially beings with the invasion of Poland

41
Q

“Blitzkrieg”

A

Germany’s style of lightning warfare of conquer

42
Q

“Phony War”

A

After Poland fell no fighting took place
(French and Germany just faces each other)

43
Q

Maginot Line

A

(fortress between the 2 countries)
Where the French and Germany faced each other

44
Q

*Invaded of N. Europe

A

Fell in 6 weeks
*British and French armies trapped at the English Channel!

45
Q

Miracle at Dunkirk

A

Amphibious operation that miraculously rescued the British and French armies

46
Q

*France falls to Germany

A

By the summer of 1940 Germany conquers all of Europe except Britain because it is an island

47
Q

Charles De Gauville

A

French government in exile led by Him
Led the free France underground

48
Q

Operation Sea Lion
Hitler’s plan to conquer
Main targets
Later targets- Mistake Why?

A

Battle of Britain
Control of the sky first bombers to attack Britain
Communication centers, airfields, RAF(British Royal Airforce)
Civilians - Mistake because it gave time for the RAF to recover

49
Q

The Blitz - It purpose
*Backfires
Britain’s new Invention
*Result

A

Attack on London for 57 consecutive days/nights
Lessen the Peoples will to fight/moral
*Backfires - makes them more determined to resist
Radar turns the tide of the war
*Early Turning point of the war - Britain wins Hitler’s first lost!

50
Q

Battle of Atlantic
Vital to Britain - Why?
“Wolf pack”
Allies fight back

A

“Lifeline of Great Britain”- Between US and Britain
Longest continuous battle / most pivotal
Because their an island (supplies, equipment)
With “convoys”, “sonar”, and depth charges

51
Q

Allied powers

Axis Powers

A

-Britain, France, and Soviet Union(later USA)

  • Germany, Italy, and Japan
52
Q

Neutrality Acts:1935
Purpose and 3 points

A

To limit U.S. involvement in future wars.
1. Placed an embargo on arms sales to belligerents
2. Forbade American ships from entering warzones and prohibited then from being armed
3. Barred Americans from traveling on belligerent ships

College US History (1 decks)

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