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History - Term 1 > World War II > Flashcards

World War II Flashcards

1
Q

What does the term genocide mean?

A

Genocide is the mass killing of large groups of people who usually belong to the same culture.

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2
Q

What is exterminate?

A

Exterminate is to kill in a cruel way.

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3
Q

What was slave labour?

A

Slave labour when people worked long hours under difficult circumstances without any payment.

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4
Q

What is the definition of anesthetics?

A

Anesthetics are drugs that cause temporary loss of bodily sensations.

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5
Q

What is a quarrie?

A

An area where people mine or extract stone.

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6
Q

What happened during the industrialised mass slaughter?

A

This was the slaughter where large amounts of people were killed at one time.

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7
Q

What happened during the uprising?

A

The uprising was a rebellion or revolt against a rule or regime.

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8
Q

What is a ghetto?

A

A ghetto is a poor and undeveloped area that was set aside for the Jewish people, separate from the Germans.

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9
Q

Define underground resistance.

A

A secret resistance in opposition to the government.

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10
Q

How did the Nazi’s deal with their political opponents?

A

The Nazi’s used extermination camps, genocide and mass murder that included the final solution (Holocaust) to deal with their political opponents and other undesirables.

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11
Q

Who did not have a place in Germany according to Hitler?

A

Jews, gypsies, mentally and physically disabled people, black people, Jehovah’s Witnesses, slaves, political opponents and homosexuals.

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12
Q

How many people were murdered to purify the German race?

A

Over 20 million people, including 6 Jews.

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13
Q

When did the Nazi’s start building concentration camps?

A

In 1933.

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14
Q

Where was the first camp founded?

A

The camp in Germany, Dachau, was founded in March 1933.

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15
Q

What was the aim of the camps?

A

To silence people who were against Hitler.

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16
Q

For whom were the camps meant?

A

The camps were meant for political prisoners but it changed during Hitler’s rule.

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16
Q

What were the names of the different camps that were built?

A

Extermination camps were there to kill all the new arrivals.
Mixed-use camps (Auschwitz and Majdanek) were a combination between concentration and extermination camps.

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17
Q

Why were extermination sites chosen?

A

They were chosen because of how close they were to the railway lines and their location in the semi-rural areas.

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18
Q

Where were the Jews transported to?

A

They were transported from their homes concentration camps after 1941.

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18
Q

How was the Jews transported?

A

They were transported in trains and due to packed trains many of them died due to starvation or diseases.

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19
Q

What happened to the unhealthy people?

A

After the train ride, a doctor assessed the people and the unhealthy ones were either used as slave labour or they were sent to gas chambers.

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20
Q

Who was at risk of surviving the train rides?

A

Disabled, elderly, pregnant, babies, young children and sick people were at risk of surviving.

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21
Q

Where was the main killing place for Jews of Europe?

A

Auschwitz became the main killing place in 1944.

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22
Q

How many Jews was killed in the gas chambers?

A

About 1.5 million Jews was killed.

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23
Q

What happened to the corpses in the gas chambers?

A

After the killing the chambers were opened for ventilation and then members of the SS took out any gold teeth from the corpses.

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24
Q

What did the members do with the gold teeth?

A

The gold teeth were used to help the Germans with funds during the war.

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25
Q

How were the living ones treated in camps?

A

They were forced to do hard labour, had to work in guarries and carry heavy stones over long distances.

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26
Q

What happened when the people disobeyed?

A

They were beated up and this usually led to their death.

27
Q

Where did the living ones stay?

A

They stayed in small crowded cells where they had to sleep next to each other on bunks and they had no privacy.

28
Q

What were the prisoners used for?

A

Prisoners were used for scientific research and doctors performed medical experiments on them and never used anaesthetics.

29
Q

What test did Dr Sigmund Rascher do?

A

He performed a test to see if German soldiers could stand the cold in Eastern Europe by freezing the soldiers in cold weather below 0 degrees.

30
Q

What was the special killing squad called?

A

They were called the Einsatzgruppen and they carried out the executions.

31
Q

How many Jews were killed by the Nazi’s?

A

About 6 million Jews were killed.

32
Q

What was the process called where Jews were killed through genocide?

A

The process was called Holocaust and the result of the Final Solution.

33
Q

What happened to women and children during the holocaust?

A

Women and children were taken to pits to be murdered and buried.

34
Q

How many countries did Germany took over?

A

Germany took over 20 countries in Europe by 1941.

35
Q

Where did the Nazi’s built massive extermination camps?

A

In Ukraine, Latvia and Lithuania.

36
Q

What was the Jewish Question?

A

The Jewish Question referred to the Nazi’s belief that Jews in Germany posed a problem for the state.

37
Q

What was the Final Solution?

A

This was the action where Hitler and his senior officials, like Heinrich Himmler, planned the extermination of all Jewish People on Europe.

38
Q

When and where was the decision made to implement the Final Solution?

A

The decision to implement the final solution was made by the Wannsee Conference in Berlin on 20 January 1942.

39
Q

How did Hitler suppress any opposition?

A

Hitler used his Gestapo.

40
Q

Who led the White Rosed Movement?

A

Sophie Scholl and her brother Hans Scholl.

41
Q

What did Sophie and Hans experience while they were part of the Hitler Youth Group?

A

They had seen how Jewish people were killed and how their properties were destroyed.

42
Q

What happened between 30 June 1934 and 2 July 1934?

A

This was the time of the “Night of the Long Knives” where most of Hitler’s political opponents were killed.

43
Q

What did the White Rose Movement group want?

A

They wanted freedom of speech and personal freedom for the Germans. They also wanted to oppose Nazi Germany.

44
Q

What did the people in the White Rose Movement do to achieve what they wanted?

A

They made pamphlets that criticized the Nazi’s. They also asked the Germans to boycott Nazi meetings and to stop work in factories that produced guns.

45
Q

What happened to the leaders of the White Rose Movement?

A

The leaders were caught by the Gestapo and they were sentenced to death.

46
Q

Who was Dietrich Bonhoeffer?

A

He was the leader of the Confessing Church, Protestant Christians who opposed Nazi involvement in the state church.

47
Q

What did Dietrich Bonhoeffer do in May 1935?

A

He wrote Hitler a letter to complain that Christianity had been removed from Germany.

48
Q

What happened to the church leaders?

A

Church leaders were removed from churches and some were sent to concentration camps.

49
Q

What did Bonhoeffer do to help the Germans?

A

He worked underground to help the Jews escape and was involved in a plot to assassinate Hitler.

50
Q

When did Bonhoeffer die?

A

Bonhoeffer was arrested by the Gestapo in 1943 and was executed in April 1945 for his anti-Nazi activities.

51
Q

How many Jews were sent to the Warsaw?

A

300 000 Jews were sent for the mass killing.

52
Q

Where did the Jews have to live?

A

Jews had to live in ghettos where they were treated bad and had to live in poor living conditions.

53
Q

What were the underground resistance called that the Jewish people established?

A

The Jewish Fighting Organisation.

54
Q

When did the organization start their protest?

A

The protest started in April 1945.

55
Q

What were the protest known for?

A

The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

56
Q

What happened during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising?

A

The Jews were able to fight against the Nazi’s for 4 weeks, but after that their Ghetto’s were set on fire and some of them were sent to camps to be killed.

57
Q

Who pushed the United States into World War II?

A

Japan pushed the United States into the World War II on 7 December 1941 by attacking the American Naval Base.

58
Q

What happened 4 days after the activities on 7 December 1941?

A

Hitler declared war in the United States.

59
Q

When did the first US troops arrive?

A

The first US troops arrived in January 1942.

60
Q

Who was fighting for the Nazi’s?

A

The Soviet Union that was led by Joseph Stalin entered the war and fought for the Nazi’s from the East.

61
Q

How many German troops surrendered to the Soviets?

A

On 31 January 1943 over 90 000 German troops surrendered at Stalingrad.

62
Q

What was the D-Day?

A

The D-Day was the day that the Allied Powers invaded Europe and Axis Powers started losing ground.

63
Q

When did the Allied Powers take back France?

A

On 25 August 1944.

64
Q

When did the Soviets enter Berlin?

A

They entered Berlin on 23 April 1945 with 20 000 troops and piece of artillery.

65
Q

When did the Allied forces come into Berlin?

A

They pushed into Berlin from the West soon after the Soviets entered Berlin.

66
Q

How did Hitler die?

A

He realized that he lost World War II and committed suicide on 30 April 1945.

67
Q

What happened on the VE (Victory in Europe) Day?

A

Germany surrendered to the allied Powers and Russia on 8 May 1945.

History - Term 1 (2 decks)

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