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World History > World War I > Flashcards

World War I Flashcards

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1
Q

Arms race

A

Pushing armies and navies of European nations to enormous sizes

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2
Q

Triple alliance

A

Germany
Austria-Hungary
Italy

GAI

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3
Q

Triple entente

A

England
France
Russia

FER

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4
Q

Imperialism

A

Race for colonies//alliances and prejudices that caused hatred and a desire to defeat these rival nations

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5
Q

Nationalism

A

Great nations of europe had gained sense if superiority of their nations

Smaller ethnic groups desired freedom

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6
Q

Serbia wanted to add what to its nation

A

Bosnia henzogovin

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7
Q

Power keg of europe

A

Wars and nationalism in the balkans

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8
Q

Black hand

A

Group of serbian nationalists

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9
Q

Arch-duke ferdinand

A

Heir to austrian throne

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10
Q

July crisis

A

Arch ferdinans visiting savejo in car when he and his wife got shot

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11
Q

Killer of arch duke?

A

Gravib princip

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12
Q

Blank check

A

Germany gave austria-hungary this, giving them unlimited action in dealing with serbia

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13
Q

Who came to the aid of Serbia?

A

Russia

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14
Q

Who came to the aid of A-H and declared war on Russia?

A

Germany

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15
Q

Who declared war on germany and A-H?

A

France

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16
Q

Who attacked who thru belgium?

A

Germany attacking France

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17
Q

Attack on Belgium provoked what nation into war?

A

England

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18
Q

Machine guns

A

Shot hundreds of rounds a minute

Mowed down attack forces

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19
Q

New artillery

A

Guns with greater capacity and speed

Delivered more destructive force to the battlefields than ever before

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20
Q

Purpose of poison gas

A

Break stalemate of trench warfare

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21
Q

Examples of poison gas

A

Mustard
Chlorine
Ammmonia

MCA

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22
Q

Tanks

A

Were created as moving pillboxes in an attempt to protect soldiers from no-man’s land

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23
Q

Airplanes

A

Initially used for observation

Then used for bombing and air to air fighting

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24
Q

Submarines

A

Sunk thousands of tons of shipping

The German use of unrestricted submarines for marine warfare would kill many civilians and mutual soldier

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25
Q

Why was trench warfare developed?

Locations?

A

defend troops from heavy guns machine gun fire

armies dug trench systems on the Western front from Switzerland to the English Channel

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26
Q

Barbed wire

A

Slowed down enemy troops attacking so they could be mowed they could be mowed down by machine guns

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27
Q

When and why did the Germans develop the Schlieffen plan

A

1905

a plan to attack and defeat the French with one great attack

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28
Q

Area to be conquered in the Schlieffen plan

A

Sweeping through Belgium and sending long reaching attacks they would capture Paris and surround French army and make it surrender

29
Q

How did the Schlieffen plan go

A

Initially successful then became bogged down less than 90 miles from Paris

30
Q

How did the Schlief plan end

A

Trench warfare

31
Q

Describe war on Eastern front and where did it happen

A

In Russia

mobile and deadly

32
Q

Who were the Central Powers

A

Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman empire
Bulgaria

Goba

33
Q

In World War II what side was Italy on

A

Triple alliance

Then Allied powers in order to gain land in the Adriatic coast

34
Q

Describe the Western front in ww2

A

Germany was employing Schlief plan making initial gains into France

French pushed Germans back

Regression to trench warfare

35
Q

Total war

A

Organization of entire societies for war in a social, economic and even spiritual sense

Lots of resources into war effort many casualties

36
Q

Major battles of World War I

A

First battle of Marne 1914
Verdun 1916
Somme 1916

37
Q

Describe the first battle of the Marne

A

French halted German advance
Pushed Germans back some 45 miles
Saved Paris great strategic victory
France could continue the war

38
Q

Describe Verdun

July 1916

A

Unsuccessful German campaign to take offensive on the Western front

Attempted battle of attrition
French and German Casualties
No strategic advantage was gained for either side

39
Q

Describe Somme

July to November 1916

A

Intended to be a strategic breakthru for the British

Helped relieve some of pressure on Verdun
Gained 5 miles at the cost of Allied and German casualties

40
Q

Describe Eastern front

A

Battle of movement
Russia fighting Central Powers
Russia went offensive with dire consequences

41
Q

How was Russians versus German

A

Russians no match for Germans
Germans would drive deep into Russia
This and Russian Revolution caused collapse of Russian army

42
Q

What did Communist Russian government sign on March 3, 1918

Describe it

A

Treaty of brest-litovsk

Freed German troops from Eastern front to be used on Western front

43
Q

What happened in the middle east

A

Allies used arabs to help fight against Ottoman Empire

44
Q

Describe Gallopoli

A

British attempt to take Dardannelles straits and eventually capture Istanbul and defeat the Ottoman Empire

Failed due to poor leadership

Allied and Turkish casualties

45
Q

Describe what Japan did

A

Japan came into war on Allied side with guarantee of taking possession of German colonies in the Pacific

46
Q

Describe US neutrality in relation to isolationism

A

US traditionally stayed out of European affairs (Monroe’s doctrine)

US was across the Atlantic Ocean

47
Q

How’s the US doing when it was neutral

A

US industry and agriculture made large amounts of money and supplied warring nations with goods

48
Q

Events that led to US involvement

A

1) unrestricted submarine warfare

2) Zimmerman telegram

49
Q

Lusitania

A

Passenger liner sunk by German submarine on May 7, 1915 killed 1153 people

50
Q

Zimmerman telegram

A

German Foreign Minister sent a telegram to Mexico in an attempt to get them to attack US and keep US out of war

51
Q

Consequences of Zimmerman telegram

A

British intelligence intercepted deciphered telegram and gave to US

Telegram published in US papers on March 1, 1917 enraging American public

52
Q

US entering war

A

Pres. Wilson said to make the world safe for democracy

Over 2 million men volunteered for service another 3 million drafted

U.S. Army had 140,000 men at the time due to need to chain the army the US could send no more no forces of useful size until 1980

53
Q

369th African American division

A

Fought with distinction as part of French army

54
Q

What happened after fall of Russia in 1918

A

Germans took troops from Eastern front and transferred them to Western front to launch an offensive

offensive broke the trench warfare stalemate and drove towards Paris

55
Q

Role of the American expeditionary force

A

Under the command of Gen. Pershing they arrived to help halt the Germans and push back German offensive

in battles at chateau, thierry, belleau wood, verdun and meuse argon offensive

56
Q

Situation of Germany in later war

A

Spent all money on offensive

it was finished

57
Q

November 11, 1918

A

Guns fell silent 11th hour etc.

58
Q

Versailles conference

A

Main Allied powers met to decide terms of defeat of Central Powers namely Germany

59
Q

Who were the big sore at the Treaty of versailles

A

Wilson (U.S.)
Lloyd George (England)
Clemenceau (french)
Orlando (Italy)

60
Q

What did Wilson want in that treaty of versailles

A

Lasting peace

61
Q

What did Pres. Wilson manage to get aka 14 points

A

To prevent wars in future

Wilson wanted to achieve peace based on fairness

62
Q

League of Nations

A

Where countries could discuss their problems rather than going to war

63
Q

What if there were international disputes

A

Each country would agree to have a certain amount of troops ready to act at will of the league in international disputes

64
Q

Who demanded that Germany take blame for war occurring

A

France

65
Q

Reparations

A

Germany had to pay allied nations for cost of war

66
Q

What did Germany have to suffer

A

Army Limited 200,000 men no tanks or airplanes
German Navy could only have a few ships
Rhineland would be a demilitarized zone so that Germans could not put military forces into

67
Q

French Field Marshal Ferdinand foch in response to Treaty of Versailles

A

This is not peace

It is an armistice for 20 years

68
Q

New nations that would be created out of old empires

A 
Czechslovakia
Austria
Hungary
Poland 
latvia
Estonia
Lithuania
Finland 
Yugoslavia
69
Q

American reaction to results

A

American Senate balked at possibility of American troops being put out disposal of a higher governing authority

Pres. Wilson refused to budge his position for the treaty

The U.S. Senate refused to ratify the treaty

US was never a member of the league of Nations

World History (1 decks)

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