World War 2 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

What is fascism?

A

A political ideology that originated in Italy under Benito Mussolini. It is ultra conservative, and includes racism, hatred, violence and intolerance

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2
Q

What is communism?

A

when the state (aka a few people) own everything, there is no private ownership. Everything is shared and the money you make goes back to the government. practiced by the Soviet union from 1924-1991.

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3
Q

What is Nazism?

A

Germany’s version of fascism, with elements of anti-semitism. Hitler wanted to establish a ‘master’ race full of people called ‘Aryans’

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4
Q

Who was Benito Mussolini?

A

“Il Duce”. the fascist leader of Italy

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5
Q

Who was Adolf Hitler?

A

“Dur Fuhrer”. the anti-semitic leader of Germany. Wrote a book called ‘Mein Kampf’

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6
Q

Who was Joseph Stalin?

A

“Man of Steel”. the communist leader of the Soviet Union.

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7
Q

What is a dictator?

A

A leader with total power

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8
Q

Who was Emperor Hirohito?

A

The fascist leader of Japan

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9
Q

Who were the Allied Powers (“The Allies”)?

A

Britain, France, Soviet Union, Canada, America (after Pearl Harbour)

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10
Q

Who were the Axis Powers?

A

Germany, Italy, Japan (Italy later switched alliances)

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11
Q

What is the name of the German Army?

A

The Wehrmacht

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12
Q

What is the name of the German Air Force?

A

The Luftwaffe

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13
Q

What was the policy of appeasement?

A
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14
Q

What countries did Hitler take over first after the Policy of Appeasement

A

Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland

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15
Q

What is a Blitzkrieg?

A

A tactic used by Germany. It was an all out surprise attack to overwhelm the enemy (navy, Air Force, military)

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16
Q

Who was Joseph Goebbels?

A

the minister of propaganda

17
Q

Who else did Hitler hate besides the Jews?

A

Communists, members of the LGBTQ+ community

18
Q

What was Kristallnacht?

A

“The night of broken glass”. after a polish-german student killed a Nazi officer, the Nazis blamed the Jews. On the night of november 9th Nazis attacked jewish businesses and synagogues. Jews were also attacked and killed

19
Q

How many were killed in the Holocaust?

A

11 Million people

20
Q

What are different ways people were killed in concentration camps?

A

Worked to death, starved, gassed, burned, shot, buried alive

21
Q

Define Holocaust

A

Death by fire / death by burning

22
Q

Define genocide

A

Systematic extermination of a nationality

23
Q

How many Jewish survivors were there after the Holocaust?

A

3,546,211

24
Q

What are the steps of isolation?

A
  1. Stripping of rights
  2. Segregation
  3. Concentration
  4. Extermination
25
Q

Who was Neville Chamberlain?

A

The British Prime Minister, who wanted to avoid war with Germany. He believed Hitler was a ‘reasonable’ man, and so he appeased him

26
Q

Who replaced Neville Chamberlain?

A

Winston Churchill. He got Britain through the rest of the war