World War 2 Flashcards
Describe the concept that involves reduction of military arms.
Disarmament
What does “disarmament” mean?
The act of reducing, limiting, or abolishing weapons.
Describe the international conference held in 1921 aiming for naval disarmament.
Washington Conference 1921
What happened during the Washington Conference 1921?
Major naval powers met to discuss naval disarmament and led to several significant treaties aimed at preventing naval armaments race.
Describe the treaty from the Washington Conference that involved five major powers agreeing to limit naval capacity.
Five-Power Treaty
What did the Five-Power Treaty stipulate?
It limited naval construction and committed signatories to a ratio regarding their largest warships.
Describe the treaty that sought to stabilize China by affirming its sovereignty.
Nine-Power Treaty
What was the objective of the Nine-Power Treaty?
To ensure the sovereignty and territorial integrity of China by making all signatories respect its rights.
Describe the international agreement aimed at renouncing war as a national policy.
Kellogg-Briand Pact
What was the significance of the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
It attempted to prevent war by making it illegal as a tool of national policy, although it lacked enforcement mechanisms.
Describe the payments imposed on Germany as a condition of the Treaty of Versailles.
Reparations
What are “reparations”?
Payments required from Germany to compensate the Allies for damages caused during WWI.
Describe the 1924 plan designed to resolve Germany’s reparations and stabilize its economy.
Dawes Plan
What was the purpose of the Dawes Plan?
To resolve the crisis surrounding Germany’s reparations payments and to stabilize the German economy.
Describe the U.S. foreign policy toward Latin America in the 1930s promoting cooperation.
Good Neighbor Policy
What was the essence of the Good Neighbor Policy?
It was aimed at strengthening friendly relations and mutual defense among the nations of the Western Hemisphere.
Describe the series of meetings involving Western Hemisphere countries focused on diplomatic and economic issues.
Pan-American Conferences
What was the objective of the Pan-American Conferences?
To improve economic and diplomatic cooperation among American states.
Describe the 1931 event where Japan expanded its control in China.
Japan’s aggression in Manchuria
What was Japan’s aggression in Manchuria and its impact?
Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931, leading to international condemnation and a shift in Japanese foreign policy.
Describe the U.S. policy of non-recognition regarding territorial changes enforced by aggression.
Stimson Doctrine
What did the Stimson Doctrine state?
It declared that the U.S. would not recognize any international territorial changes that were enforced by aggression.
Describe the alliance formed by Germany, Italy, and Japan before WWII.
Axis Powers
Who were the Axis Powers?
Germany, Italy, and Japan formed this alliance during WWII, opposing the Allied Powers.