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US History > World War 2 > Flashcards

World War 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

President who led us during WWII until his death in 1945. Called Pearl Harbor, “A day that will live in infamy.”

A

Franklin Roosevelt

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2
Q

1’s VP who was president at the end of the war. Made the decision to drop the bombs on Japan.

A

Harry Truman

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3
Q

Nazi leader of Germany during World War 2.

A

Adolph Hitler

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4
Q

Leader of Great Britain during World War 2

A

Winston Churchill

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5
Q

Communist leader of the Soviet Union during World war

A

Joseph Stalin

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6
Q

Emperor of Japan during World war 2

A

Hirohito

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7
Q

Leader of China during World War 2

A

Chiang Kai Shek

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8
Q

American General who led American soldiers in Africa at operation torch and at D-Day

A

Dwight Eisenhower

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9
Q

American General who led American troops in operation Husky (invading Italy) and in liberating American

A

George Patton

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10
Q

American pilot who commanded the first air raids over Tokyo.

A

Jimmy Dolittle

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11
Q

American General who fulfilled his promise, “I shall return” by returning to the Philippines and who became the governor of Japan

A

Douglas MacArthur

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12
Q

Scientist who led the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos, NM

A

J. Robert Oppenheimer

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13
Q

Pilot whose flight of the Enola Gay dropped the Atomic Bomb

A

Paul Tibbetts

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14
Q

US policy established in 1940 to “loan supplies to the allies. It saved American lives, but moved us closer to war

A

Lend-lease

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15
Q

Attitude that prevailed in the US before Pearl Harbor. Most Americans opposed involvement in the war before 12/7/41

A

Isolationism

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16
Q

Date of Pearl Harbor attack

A

December 7, 1941

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17
Q

Franklin Roosevelt’s quote regarding the Pearl Harbor attack

A

“A day that will live in infamy”

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18
Q

Method of transporting goods across the sea in a large number of unified ships, “strength in numbers”

A

Convoy System

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19
Q

First American involvement against in Germans. In Africa, commanded by Eisenhower

A

Operation Torch

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20
Q

Code name for D-Day

A

Operation Overlord

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21
Q

Allied invasion of France, largest amphibious invasion in history, commanded by Eisenhower, attacked on beaches of Normandy on June 6, 1944

A

D-Day

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22
Q

Date of D-Day

A

June 6, 1944

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23
Q

Last German counteroffensive in the Winter of 1944-45

A

Battle of the Bulge

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24
Q

Pre-determined place in Germany where Soviet and American troops first met toward the end of the war

A

Elbe River

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25
Q

May 8, 1945 – date that Germany unconditionally surrendered ending the war in Europe

A

V-E Day

26
Q

Douglas MacArthur famous quote as he left the Philippines

A

“I shall return”

27
Q

1942 naval battle where US victory halted Japanese threat on Hawaii. Often referred to as the “turning battle in the Pacific.” First naval battle where ships never see each other. US victory a result of breaking the Japanese code.

A

Midway

28
Q

Code name for the code breaking method that enabled the Allies to successfully know plans of the Axis military

A

“Ultra”

29
Q

1942 Allied victory that halted the Japanese threat on Australia

A

Coral Sea

30
Q

Strategy of concentrating US forces on one island/or group at a time in the Pacific theater

A

Island Hopping

31
Q

The most decisive and last major Naval battle in the Pacific off the coast of the Philippines. During this 1944 Allied victory, the Japanese first resorted to Kamikaze attacks (pretty late in the war.)

A

Leyte Gulf

32
Q

Japanese suicide pilots whose name means “divine wind”

A

Kamikaze Pilots

33
Q

City first bombed by the “little boy,” an atomic bomb dropped from Enola Gay

A

Hiroshima

34
Q

Name of the plane which dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima

A

Enola Gay

35
Q

The second Japanese city devastated by “fat man,” an atomic bomb

A

Nagasaki

36
Q

August 14, 1945 – the day Japan unconditionally surrenders

A

V-J Day

37
Q

US ship where the Japanese signed the surrender document

A

USS Missouri

38
Q

First generation Japanese immigrants

A

Isei

39
Q

Second generation Japanese , born in the US with all rights as citizens (majority of those interned)

A

Nisei

40
Q

Third generation Japanese

A

Sansei

41
Q

Franklin Roosevelt’s order removing all citizens of Japanese origin from the West coast. This order removed 120,000 persons, most of which were US citizens

A

Executive Order 9066

42
Q

Number of the all-volunteer Japanese and Japanese-American Division that was the most decorated division in the war. Their slogan was, “go for broke.”

A

442nd Division

43
Q

1944 Supreme Court case that justified the internment as a legal response against liberties today due to the threat of terrorism faced by America today.

A

Korematsu v US

44
Q

The agency in charge of rationing and encouraging efficient use at home to provide more for the troops during World War II

A

Office Price Administration (OPA)

45
Q

Name of the leaders at Yalta: Franklin Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin

A

“Big Three”

46
Q

Meeting in Soviet Union where the borders of postwar Europe were determined. The Soviets received Eastern Europe and East Germany in exchange for free elections.

A

Yalta Conference

47
Q

Worldwide peacekeeping body formed at the end of World War II. Unlike World War 1, the US took leadership in this group.

A

United Nations

48
Q

Decision making body of the United Nations. Its members include five permanent and ten elected members

A

Security Council

49
Q

The communication body of the United Nations. Each member-nation is represented here.

A

General Assembly

50
Q

Trial where international tribunal judged Nazis for Crimes against Humanity.

A

Nuremburg Trails

51
Q

New Mexico City where the Manhattan Project detonated the first nuclear explosion.

A

Los Alamos

52
Q

Good and bad of Lend Lease

A

Good:
–We helped the people who were fighting the Nazis
-We helped the British and Russians, by giving them supplies
-The more surplices we gave to the people fighting the Nazis the stronger they became
-Less Americans dying in the war
-Save American lives
Bad:
-Leading us towards war

53
Q

Good and Bad of Convoys

A 
Good:
-less was destroyed
-they could protect more 
-less ships were sunk
Bad:
-if the Germans found out about the convoys and got though the defense system then they could destroy a whole lot of ships
54
Q

*Similarities and difference between Pearl Harbor and 9/11 attacks

A

Similarities:

  • surprise attacks
  • people think government know it was going to happen
  • got us into war
  • goal was to scare America
  • were not ultimately successful
  • attackers were killed
  • racism increases afterward
  • United the country
  • enlistment increase
55
Q

Pearl Harbor

A
  • got us into WWII
  • ships were attacked
  • military was the target
  • internment camps began after attack
56
Q

9/11

A
  • got us into war against terrorism
  • buildings attacked
  • citizens were the target
  • terrisom is a media event
  • airport security inceases after attack
  • profiling after attack
  • torture at guantanamo bay after attack
57
Q
  1. Changes at home during WWII (How did the economy and society change?)
A
  • Ended depression
  • Zoot suit riots
  • Internment camps
  • Rationing
  • Black markets developed
  • Industry geared up for war
    • 3 million cars produced in 1941
    • Between 1942 and 1945 139 million cars produced
  • Women took new jobs in factories, or in WAVES, WAACs, Pilot, WASPs
  • War brides (lots of marriages and honeymooners)
  • Victory gardens
  • Save scrap metal buy war bonds
  • Journalism and news coverage increase
  • Whole country got involved
58
Q

Describe the US strategy for defeating both Germany and Japan

A

Defeat Germany first then take care of Japan

59
Q

How did Yalta change Europe?

A

Yalta gave Soviets control of Eastern Europe and it led to the cold war

60
Q

How did the US act differently after WWII than WWI

A

(1) we treated the enemies fairly after World War 2 but in world war 1 we treated them harshly
(2) after world war 2 we became involved in foreign affairs unlike in world war 1 we were isolationist

US History (6 decks)

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