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World War 2 > World War 2 > Flashcards

World War 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Terms of Treaty of Versailles

A

War guilt clause- germany accepted blame for starting ww1
Reparations- Germany had to pay £6,600 million for damage cause by war
Disarmament- Germany only allowed small army (100,000 men) and six naval ships. No tanks, Air Force or submarines. The Rhineland was demilitarized.
Conscription banned-soldiers had to be volunteers
Territorial clauses- land taken away from Germany and given to other countries. Anschluss was forbidden (union with Austria)

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1
Q

What is the treaty of Versailles?

A

Treaty that established the punishments for Germany after ww1.
Made in 1919.

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2
Q

Land that Germany lost after ww1

A

Alcace-Lorraine- France
West Prussia & Posen-Poland
Upper Silesia-Poland
North Schleswig-Denmark

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3
Q

What is the Munich pact

A

Agreement between Britain, Italy. France and Germany to bring “peace w/ honor”.
Gave Sudetenland to Germany, as long as Germany would leave Czechoslovakia alone.

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4
Q

Appeasement

A

Policy of avoiding further arguments or war by accepting the conditions or demand of an aggressor

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5
Q

When did hitler come into power?

A

1933

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6
Q

What were hitlers 2 important alliances made in 1936?

A

Rome-Berlin axis pact w/ mussolini’s Italy

Anti-Comintern pact w/ japan

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7
Q

What was the League of Nations?

A

International organization set up in 1919 to help keep world peace. If there was disputes between countries they would be resolved by negotiation than by force.

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8
Q

Why did the League of Nations fail?

A
  • not all countries joined the league
  • the league had no power
  • the league had no army
  • unable to act quickly
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9
Q

Ultranationalism

A

Extreme nationalism that promotes the interest of one state or people above all others
Us vs. them mentality
Ex) conscription

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10
Q

Robert Borden

A

Prime minister if Canada during ww2.

Said it was Canada’s duty to fight for Britain.

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11
Q

Enemy aliens

A

People of German, Austrian, Turkish, Hungarian, and Ukrainian descent. Te unemployed were sent to internment camps across Canada.

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12
Q

“Zombies”

A

Canadian slang term that referred to an army conscript to home defense in ww2.
Te soldiers that did not want to go to war

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13
Q

Volk community

A
  • Created by nazis
  • citizenship was characterized by blood, bit by geographical borders
  • members were thought to be part of a superior aryan race
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14
Q

Kristallnacht

A

“Night of broken glass” Nazis burned down Jewish businesses, homes and physically assaulted Jews.
Hundreds of Jews were injured, 96 killed and 30,000 were arrested an sent to concentration camp

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15
Q

Anschluss

A

Union between Germany an Austria that was forbidden after ww1

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16
Q

Irredentism

A

Italian ultranationalism

Italy sought to unite all those if Italian ethnicity within a natural border.

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17
Q

Luftwaffe

A

Germany’s Air Force

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18
Q

Wehrmacht

A

Germany’s army

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19
Q

Lebensraum

A

“Living space”
Let Germans conquer neighboring nations to the east
Expansion

20
Q

Pacifism

A

Desire to avoid war

21
Q

Maginot line

A

Defense line made by the French along the France-Germany border made of bulwark of trenches, tank traps, and gun emplacements
Connected by a system of rail lines
Thought to be unbreakable and withstand attack

22
Q

Winston Churchill

A

Former British prime minister during ww2

“We shall never surrender”

23
Q

Rhineland

A

Land that bordered France and Germany

24
Q

Re militarization

A

Assembling and putting Into readiness for war
Mobilization of troops
Germany demilitarized the Rhineland Whig violation the treaty of Versailles

25
Q

Sudetenland

A

Land in Czech that bordered germany. Hitler demanded this land be given to them

26
Q

Non-aggression pact

A

Deal bwtn Stalin and hitler
Represent partnership bwtn two opposite political/economic ideologies (facist, communist)
Gave hitler guarantee that the spite union would not oppose him

27
Q

Stalin

A

Soviet leader during ww2

Killer 30-40 million of his own civilians

28
Q

Goebbels

A

German propaganda minister in nazi germany

29
Q

Timeline of events of nazi germany

A

March- 1936- Germany mobilizes the Rhineland. Britain and France do nothing
March 1938- Germany makes union with Austria
Sept 1938- hitler puts pressure on Czech. Britain, France and Germany make Munich pact giving Germany Sudetenland as long as Germany leaves rest of Czech alone.
Aug 1938- hitler takes over rest of Czech ignoring Munich
Sept 1st 1939- Germany invades Poland
Sept 3rd 1939- Britain an France declare war on Germany
April 1940- German troops invade Denmark an Norway
May 1940- Germany invades Netherlands and France. German blitzkrieg (lightening war) is success. France taken over in 6 weeks.

30
Q

Genocide

A

An act committed w/ the intent to destroy, in a whole or part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group.
Ex) nazis killed apprx. 6 million jews
Ethnic cleansing

31
Q

Raphael Lemkin

A

Polish Jew that created term genocide in 1944, when trying to find a word that described the inhumanity of the nazis towards his people

32
Q

Holocaust

A

Mass murder, elimination or genocide of apprx. 6 million Jews during ww2 by nazi Germany party.
Germany’s “final solution” to dispose Jewish pop. And transporting them to extermination camps

33
Q

Axis of evil

A

George w. Bush described Iraq, Iran, and North Korea as “axis of evil”. He accused these countries of building weapons if mass destructions and pursuing acts of terrorism.

34
Q

Nazi party

A

(NSDAP)
Refers to policies of NSDAP, under Adolf Hitler from 1933-1945.
Supported beliefs of Nazism “blood & soil”
-rejection of democracy
-need for racial purity
-need for living space

35
Q

Enabling act 1933

A

Gave hitler power to laws without asking reichstag

36
Q

Aryan

A

Defines people who speak indo-European languages

Associated with race, and identifies speakers of superior physiques and intelligence

37
Q

Untermenschen

A

Refers to Jews by Germans (sub-humans)

In school German children were indoctrinated to believe this

38
Q

Ubermenschen

A

Refers to Aryan race (superior)

Children also indoctrinated to believe this

39
Q

Scapegoat

A

Group of people singled out for negative treatment or blame

Ex) nazi germany used the Jews as a scapegoat for the weak German economy and misery of its people

40
Q

Anti-semitism

A

Term used for Jews people that differs them from Aryan race and can never be combine w/ them.
Refers to racial characteristics of Jews ex) greedy, aptitude for money making, lack of patriotism

41
Q

Fascism

A

Political view adopted by Germany during ww2 to pursue ultranationalism
Citizens duty to serve county
“Hail hitler”

42
Q

Nuremberg laws

A
  • maintaining pure Aryan race, defined limit of citizenship in reich, Jews no longer citizens
  • exclusion of Jews from education, business ownership, and intermarriage w/ true Germans
  • in school children indoctrinated to believe Jews were (sub-humans) and that the aryan race was superior.
43
Q

Final solution

A
  • genocide started in 1941 to gather all Jewish people and dispose the pop. By transporting them to extermination camps
  • 6 mill Jews and million of undesirables ex) soviets, Slavic, homosexuals, disabled people were exterminated.
44
Q

Holodomor

A

“Death by hunger”
Ukrainian words holod “famine” and moryty “kill or torture”
Russian untranationalism led to extreme acts of this from 1932-1933

45
Q

Collectivism

A

Russia took all food and produce from the ukraines

46
Q

Russification

A

Stalin’s goal to unite the Soviet Union, made up of 100’s if nations living within 15 republics if the Soviet Union, under a common culture

47
Q

Kulaks

A

Ukrainian landowning farmers
They opposed stalin’s collectivization and acted in resistance
In response, Stalin condemned most of them to death or exiled them to forced labour in Siberia

48
Q

Nazi’s national interests

A
  • establishing Germany as a powerful nation and empire, the third reich
  • providing new space for growth if German pop. Through lebensraum & German expansion
  • unifying all German people
  • dealing with so-called Jewish problem
  • rebuilding country’s military power

World War 2 (1 decks)

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