World War 1 Flashcards
What were the main causes of WW1?
The main causes were militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism, with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand acting as a trigger.
What happened in the Battle of Ypres?
The Battle of Ypres occurred in 1914 and 1915, where Germany tried to capture the Belgian coast. The Allies stopped them, marking the start of trench warfare.
What was trench warfare?
Trench warfare involved soldiers fighting from long, deep ditches. It was difficult, with cold, wet conditions and high casualties.
What was the 1st Battle of Ypres?
In October-November 1914, Germany tried to gain control of the Belgian coast but was stopped by Allied forces, starting trench warfare.
What happened in the 2nd Battle of Ypres?
In April-May 1915, Germany used poison gas for the first time, and Canada played a key role in resisting the attacks.
What was the Battle of Verdun?
A brutal, long battle in 1916 where France fought to defend Verdun from Germany, symbolizing French pride.
What happened in the First Battle of the Marne?
In September 1914, France and the UK stopped Germany’s advance on Paris, leading to the start of trench warfare.
What was the Battle of the Somme?
From July-November 1916, it was one of the deadliest battles, with over 1 million casualties, marking the first use of tanks in warfare.
What was the Spring Offensive?
A series of German attacks in March 1918 aimed at breaking Allied lines but ultimately failed due to lack of supplies and reinforcements.
What was the Armistice of November 11, 1918?
It was the agreement that ended the fighting in World War I, leading to Germany’s surrender and peace talks.
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
The peace treaty signed in 1919 that ended WW1, placing heavy penalties on Germany, including territorial losses, military restrictions, and financial reparations.
What were Wilson’s Fourteen Points?
A set of proposals by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson to promote peace, including ideas like the League of Nations and self-determination for nations.
Who were the ‘Big Three’ leaders at the Treaty of Versailles?
They were David Lloyd George (UK), Georges Clemenceau (France), and Woodrow Wilson (USA).
What was Germany’s War Guilt Clause?
A part of the Treaty of Versailles that forced Germany to take full responsibility for starting WW1.
What was the League of Nations?
An international organization created after WW1 to promote peace and prevent future conflicts, though it ultimately failed to prevent WW2.
Who was the ‘Lost Generation’?
A term used to describe the young soldiers who fought in WW1 and the cultural disillusionment that followed the war.
Why did the U.S. enter WW1?
The U.S. entered in 1917, partly due to Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Telegram, proposing a German alliance with Mexico.
What was the role of women in WW1?
Women took on many roles, working in factories, as nurses, and supporting the war effort, which helped lead to suffrage movements worldwide.
What were the casualties of WW1?
Over 16 million people died and 21 million were wounded, with many more suffering from psychological trauma.
What did Great Britain want Germany to do after the war?
They wanted to punish Germany to please the other countries but also leave them a little power so they could still trade with them. They also wanted land.
What did France want Germany to do after the war?
They wanted to punish Germany and for them to pay for the damages. They wanted to lessen the German Army, limit their submarine use and aircraft use so they could not attack back because of anger.
What did the U.S want Germany to do after the war?
They wanted a less harsh punishment than France and the U.K because they were under the league of nation and wanted to show the power of the 14 points so Windrow Wilson could show the conference what he wants.
Territorial impact of the Treaty of Versailles
Germany was not allowed to unite with Austria lands in east Germany, East Prussia was given to Poland. Land and colonies were taken away from Germany.
What happened to the German Military?
- German military restricted to only to 100,000 men.
- Navy reduced and not allowed and air force.
_Rhineland was demilitarized
