World War 1 Flashcards
What were the causes of the war?
M.A.I.N. and the Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
What is militarism?
Building up arms ready to fight which caused the war because it created tension between rival countries who believed the other was preparing for war
What are alliances?
A union or association formed for mutual benefit which caused the war because it meant that by 1914 there were two large gangs in Europe, ready to back each other up.
What is imperialism?
Fighting over territory which caused the war because all the countries in Europe were getting anxious that the other countries were becoming powerful
What is nationalism?
Each country believing they are superior which caused the war because it meant that many nationalists in Europe were willing to fight for their country
What was the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
1914
The black hand gang assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Bosnia because they didn’t want the nationalist movement suppressed and to be a part of Austria-Hungarian Empire
Caused the war because it triggered fighting between Serbia and Austria-Hungary
Serbia allegedly supplied the black hand gang with weapons which then got the rest of Europe involved in the war due to their alliances.
What is trench warfare?
A type of combat in which the opposing sides attack, counterattack, and defend from relatively permanent systems of trenches dug into the ground.
Trenches were built in zigzagging in three lines 730m apart, 1st = fire trench, 2nd = support trench, 3rd = reserve trench.
Benefit: Protection from enemy fire because they were underground
Limitation: It’s main purpose was defence so the war was drawn out and created a stalemate
What are the aspects of a trench?
- Parapet (wall facing the enemy)
- Duckboards (where soldiers stood to protect their feet)
- Firing step (where the soldier shot with an ammunition shelf)
- Parados (wall facing back of the trench) with dugouts eating, sleeping and taking shelter
- Underground bunkers (for stored food, ammunition and weapons)
- SAP head (listening post)
- Dugouts (for eating and sleeping)
What is the Gallipoli Campaign?
On April 25th 1915, the ANZACs landed in Gallipoli, in an attempt to remove the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) from the war.
This would have meant they would have been able to attack Constantinople (Istanbul) by sailing ships through the Dardanelles straits to which they would gain access if they won.
The battle ultimately became a stalemate and with heavy losses on both sides and the ANZACs retreated making it an unsuccessful campaign.
What is ANZAC Day?
Celebrates the Original ANZACs and the significance of their sacrifice to Australia through the Anzac spirit.
It’s a reminder of the importance of peace and remembrance of the lessons learnt in history.
Some common celebrations include marches, memorials and dawn services.
What are some views on Anzac Day?
Some people believe it is a good way to pay respects and give the country a reason to come together.
Others think it erases ATSI struggles and is misleading to the actual experiences of soldiers
Who was in Triple Axis?
Austria-Hungary
Germany
Italy
Who was in the Triple Allies?
Great Britain
Russia
France
