World War 1 Flashcards
What are causes of WW1?
Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, Industrialization, Assassination
When was the Assassination of Franz Ferdinand?
June 28, 1914
When did Austria declare war on Serbia?
July 28, 1914
When did Germany declare war on Russia?
August 1, 1914
When did Germany declare war on France?
August 3, 1914
When did Great Britain declare war on Germany?
August 4, 1914
When did US join war?
April 6, 1917
When is Armistice Day?
November 11, 1918
What is the goal of the Schlieffen Plan?
Avoid a 2 front war
What were the assumptions of the Schlieffen Plan?
Russia would take 6 weeks to get ready
Great Britain would stay neutral
Belgium would not fight back
France would be conquered
What actually happened after the Schlieffen Plan?
Russia got ready in 10 days
Great Britain and Belgium fought back
France didn’t get conquered in the time they thought
What was the outcome of the Battle of Marne?
They pushed back Germany and started trench warfare
What is War of Attrition mean?
Try and win by outlasting the other side
What is a stalemate?
A draw
What were the trenches?
Little paths that were used to travel forward slowly during WW1
made of Dirt, Sandbags, Rocks, and Wooden Panels
Used as protection and a way to move to opponent
What were the problems in the trenches?
Water, food, animals, rotting bodies, space, health, supplies, waiting/boredom
What was “No Man’s Land”?
Barren land filled with nothing but bodies, pools of water, and barbed wire
Where are the Colonial Troops from?
India, Africa and Fiji (For Britain and France)
What was the Colonial Troops experiences?
Fought and then forgotten about, they were given no credit, most were just used as bodies that were disposable
What is important history before WW1?
Europe divided by Ottoman Empire (Very Diverse) and British Empire (Largest Muslim Empire)
Who was Sharif Hussein?
Launch the Arab Revolt against Ottoman Empire
Wrote letters to the British and asked if they could give him his own title
Ruled over Mecca
Was Sold out by Britain after Ibn Saud (Power Broker) went after Hussein
What is the Sykes Picot Map?
Britain, France, and Russia got together in secret and spit up the Middle East (Ottoman Empire)
Drawn by Mark Sykes and Francois Picot
What is the Balfour Declaration?
British offered help for a national home for Jews in Palestine
This land was promised to 3 different territories
What was the impact of the war on the Middle East?
League of Nations becomes more apparent and tries to deal with things
France and Britain take control of countries and start drawing lines that don’t make sense geographically
Religions kept spreading and influencing each other through these borders
Why did US get involved in WW1?
Germans used unrestricted Submarine warfare and sunk a US ship (Lusitania) with civilians on it
Germans then asked Mexico to join the war against US
What was the impact of the US involvement?
Gave a physiological boost to the rest of the countries
New and more weapons, people, and supplies
What is Armistice Day?
Veterans Day
November 11, 1918
Allied Nations Win
Who was the Paris Peace Treaty with?
America - Woodrow Wilson (Wanted Peace)
France - Georges Clemenceau (Wanted Revenge)
Great Britain - David Lloyd George (Wanted Revenge)
Italy - Vittorio Orlando (Wanted Promised Land)
Who was not invited to the Paris Peace Conference?
Germany was not invited
What were the Terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
League of Nations created (US left this eventually)
Reparations of War damages ($33 billion)
War Guilt Clause (It was all Germany’s fault)
Limited the air force, army, naval forces and heavy artillery
Demilitarized Rhineland
Ruhr Valley went to France
No alliances with Austria
