World missions Flashcards
Which two parts of the world are sharing the gospel in the first era? (Hint: hemispheres)
West and North hemisphere
Which parts of the world are receiving the gospel in the first era? (Hint: Think hemispheres)
East and South Hemispheres
Who was the Father of Missions in the first era?
William carey
What passage of the gospels sparked William Careys interest in missions?
the great commission
What was William Careys mentors response to his want to send missionaries places to share the gospel?
Mentor said that God will figure it out and that the great commission was only for the apostles
What article did William carey write?
An Enquiry
What was the first era missionary strategy that William carey used with his friends?
they started a missions agency
When carey got funds from the agency to go on a mission, where did he go?
India
what were missionary societies in the first era?
Groups of christians who pooled their resources and raised money and awareness to support cross-cultural missions
Who had an impactful role for mission societies, fellowships, and unions?
Students wanting to be involved
Careys missions in India started a snowball effect of…
other mission agencies being started
What role did women have in the first era of missions?
they helped fund other women missionaries and started fellowships and unions.
What was the geographical strategy in the first era of missions?
Start on the coasts and the message will move inward (plus they had better access to home country through shipping)
What are two main characteristics of the first era of missions?
Love and Sacrifice
Why did many of the first missionaries to Africa die in their first two years there?
The unreached people thought the missionaries were coming to do harm and killed out of protection
What were marital relationships like in the first era of missions?
Missionary men often remarried because their wives would die from childbirth or lack of treatment
Who was in charge of missions in the first era?
The missionaries got to call the shots because they had the best insight of the situation and what appropriate strategy was
What was the goal of missionaries in the first era and even today?
to work themselves out of a job– make the gospel message stick in that time and place
what are the 4 stages of development in the first era?
Pioneer, paternal, partnership, participation.
What does the pioneer stage look like in the development of the first era?
first contact with unreached people groups
What does the paternal stage of development look like in the first era?
training native leaders
What does the partnership stage of development look like in the first era?
Missionaries and native Christians pool their resources
What does the participation stage of development look like in the first era?
Missionaries only participate if needed. Local church doesn’t need western society anymore but can include them if wanted
What time period was the second era of missions?
1865-1980
What geographical component is a clear sign of second era missions?
inland missions
Where did Hudson Taylor minister?
The inlands of china
What makes inland missions hard?
the unreached people there are more hostile
Who is a second era missionary figure?
Hudson Taylor
Why did the second era of missions have a slow start?
Because they were inland so they needed to find how many missionaries were needed, where exactly to go, how to do missions there (new strategy)
Which group of people stepped up in the second era of missions?
Student groups
How many student volunteers were there in the second era of missions?
100,000
How many student volunteers went overseas in the second era of missions?
20,000
In what era were thousands of churches started inland?
2nd era
What was the common mission strategy for all the eras?
Mission societies
What era was known as the christian century?
the second era
Missionaries in what era thought the movement was so powerful that the task would be completed by the 21st century?
2nd era
What value did the second era ignore that the first era was good at?
working missionaries out of their jobs
Where were 10% of missionaries in the second era going?
unreached people groups
Which of the 4 stages of development from the first era did the second era highlight?
Paternalism – this was not good because it was not sustainable for the communities they were ministering to
What are the main highlights of the second era of missions?
Women involvement, student movements, and inland explorations
What were Hudson Taylors missionary strategies?
Prayer, identification, loose monasticism, and sharing books
what is the appendix 2 section of Ann Judsons book about?
Anns call to American women to support other women who have the call to go overseas
How did Ann Judson receive support in her mission?
Missionary society
What was Anns romance life like?
She married Adonirom because she need a husband to fulfill her call in missions. He was mission minded and loved the lord
Where did the Judsons serve?
india
Who are examples of women in the Bible?
Mary Mag., Priscilla, Junea, Phoebe
Why was practicing monasticism in missions as a woman so important?
Birth control was not an option and so by choosing celibacy, a woman could serve longer and not die due to an absurd amount of pregnancies
What movement made monasticism in women less available?
the reformation – (at first at least) the family became the ideal model for church
What moment in history started to accept that all people could have spiritual encounters?
second great awakening
What historical era sparked the idea of women supporting women?
post civil war era– and the men died
What was the biggest women movement in the 20th century in the US
Womens missionary efforts
Why was there a huge influx in single women in the mission field?
Women were not yet affirmed for pastoral leadership in the US and so they had to go overseas to fulfill their calling whereas men could stay in the US
What group of people is statistically better at translating the Bible in a mission context?
Single women
What does the E-scale measure?
the cultural distance Christianity needs to move to communicate the gospel
What is the most effective and ideal e-scale stage for sharing the gospel?
E1
What E-scale stage do missionaries practice?
e3
How do missionaries make e1 evangelism happen?
They train a small group and that small group from the culture goes out and shares the message to create more converts
What was one way the Judsons practiced identification?
They built the hut building thing because that is how people in the culture often heard religious messages
What is the P-scale?
the distance potential believers need to move in order to join the christian movement
How would the Judsons make their converts into p0
Translate the Bible to their language or build a preaching hut–things that make Christianity specific to their culture
the goal of the P-scale is to …
close the idea gap that Christianity is only for western culture
What are the 4 categories for people
Major cultural blocks, ethnolinguistic peoples, sociopeoples, unimax peoples
What does the major cultural blocks category look like?
when the predominant religion is vastly different from your own. Ex: Judsons sharing gospel in buddhist culture
What does the ethnolinguistic peoples look like?
group of people that shares a common history or customs but is still distinguished by their self identity. Ex: native Americans in South Dakota
What does the sociopeoples category look like?
Small group of people who are together a lot because of a shared interest, activity, or occupation. Ex. the Usf swim team community
What category of people do the Judsons capitalize on?
the sociopeople relations they have
What does the unimax category of people look like?
a large group that is unified to be a single target for the christian movement
What is the task of missions for unreached people?
to establish a VIABLE, INDIGENOUS, church planting MOVEMENT that carries the potential to renew whole extended families and transform whole societies.
What has to be completed for a group to no longer be considered unreached?
the missionary task has to be fulfilled
What two choices to missionaries have when it comes to injustice in their service?
- Spread gospel and keep your nose out of it
- Spread gospel and fight back
How does Ann Judson fight back against injustices towards women in Burma?
she creates a school for women
What made Ann Judsons school so impactful?
it educated women so that if they didn’t get married they could still exist in society
How do the Judsons respond the injustices toward salves?
they leave the community because they still practiced slavery and were not receptive to the gospel
What contribution did Cameron Townsend make to the third era of missions?
He identified people groups based on language differences
What did Donald McGavran learn in his missions in India
discovered social barriers
What does ‘homogenius unit” mean?
people groups
What are “Horizontal Segments”
tribes that are isolated by occupying their own turf geographically
what are “vertical segments”
groups that are distinguished by rigid social differences
What is an example of a vertical segment?
Indias caste system
What is the caste system?
Hinduism divides people into 4 groups that rank you based on ethics, values, relationships, etc. the higher caste you are the more important you are
What was the third era of missions known for?
discovering social and language barriers as well as focusing on people groups
What was the main mission strategy in the third era of missions?
Christian Transformational Development
What is the development part of christian transformational development?
Intentional process of facilitating change throughout a community. ex: introduction of an axe to a group that didn’t know what it was.
what’s an example of development from peace child?
the Richardsons intruding the concept of peace and integrating antibiotics
What are the dangers of development?
if the culture changes too fast they risk losing their original culture. ex: if you gave a tribe guns with not moral training, they would kill each other instantly
What is the transformational part of christian transformational development?
change in the whole of a person or community– how people groups adopt the tangible development into their culture
What is an example of transformational change?
Introducing tangible things through development and putting them to practice in transformation – carol would teach a few of the natives how to administer medication.
What are the dangers of transformational development?
creating something is not sustainable for the culture – ex. high tech western things are not a good idea in case they break and need to be fixed
what is the christian part of christian transformational development?
vision to become more like christ
What’s an example of the christian sect of christian transformational development from peace child?
carol making a point of saving lives through medicine because god values life
what are redemptive analogies?
practice or ritual in culture that was put there by God to prepare the way for the Gospel
What is the biblical basis for redemptive analogies?
OT people had the sacrificial lamb that helped them understand Jesus
What is a danger of thinking about redemptive analogies in a missionary context?
the missionary may be focus on finding that practice or ritual and miss out on everything else
what was William Careys “An Enquiry” piece about?
that if you want to accept the goodness of the New Testament you must also follow its instruction and proclaim the message to all nations
name three of the ten principles of holistic christian transformational development
respect and value people in the context of their original culture, make people the focal point, and believe that transformation in a person comes from a relationship with christ.
