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World History > World History Midterm > Flashcards

World History Midterm Flashcards

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0
Q

Oldest literary work outside of the Bible

A

Epic of Gilgamesh

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1
Q

Who discovered the tomb of King Tutankhamen in 1922?

A

Howard Carter

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2
Q

Who invented the first postal system?

A

Persian Government

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3
Q

What Pharaoh united upper and lower egypt?

A

Menes (Narmar)

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4
Q

Merchants of Mediterranean - who were they and what were some of their trade goods
Valuable natural resources: Purple dye and fir trees

A

Phoenicians - traded spices, linen, wheat, horses, ivory, gold, precious stones, and tin

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5
Q

Define Theocracy

A

Governed directly by God

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6
Q

What is significant about Giza?

A

Where the great pyramid of Cheops is located

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7
Q

Define Polytheistic

A

worship of many gods

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8
Q

earliest known form of writing
Clay tablet; Wedge-shaped stylus
Education Edubbas (tablet house)

A

Cuneiform

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9
Q

Who established the first known empire?
Akkad was its capital
Ur rose to prominence

A

Sargon I

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10
Q

Who was the first great woman ruler?

A

Hatshepsut

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11
Q

“life blood” of Egypt

A

Nile River

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12
Q

Define Zoroastrianism

A

good and evil are 2 opposing forces and the world is their battleground
-Avesta is their sacred writings

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13
Q

Define Hieroglyhics

A

picture writing system of 700 characters

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14
Q

Who wrote the Iliad?

A

Homer

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15
Q

Who was the “King” of the Greek gods?

A

Zeus

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16
Q

Who was the Greek god of the sea?

A

Poseidon

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17
Q

Who was the Father of Philosophy (Greek)?

A

Thales

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19
Q

Define Delian League

A

Alliance formed to protect themselves (Athenians) from further attacs by the Persians during the Persian War

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20
Q

Who determined the circumference of the globe with amazing accuracy?

A

Eratosthenes

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21
Q

Who came up with the oath that is still used by doctors today?

A

Hippocrates (Hippocratic oath)

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22
Q

Which Persian king burned Athens?

A

Xerxes

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23
Q

What was the pass where Leonidas held off the Persians with 300 Spartans?

A

Thermopylae

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24
Q

Where did the Athenians defeat the Persians?

A

Battle of Marathon

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25
Q

Who was accused of rejecting the gods of Athens?

A

Socrates

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26
Q

Who was defeated at the Battle of Actium and assumed power over Octavian?

A

Marc Antony

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27
Q

Who was Caesar’s heir? (formerly known as Augustus)

A

Octavian

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28
Q

What river did Julius Caesar cross when moving against Pompey?

A

Rubicon

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29
Q

Who raised the very first army loyal to himself?

A

Marius

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30
Q

Who became the dictator and fought against Marius? (Roman)

A

Sulla

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31
Q

Who were the seafaring people from Asia Minor, settled north of the Tiber?
Earliest rulers of Rome

A

Etruscans

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32
Q

Define Consul

A

Replaced the king and held the imperium

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33
Q

Define Fasces

A

A bundle of rods which enclosed an axe. Used to symbolise power.

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34
Q

Who were the two mythical founders of Rome?

A

Romulus & Remus

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35
Q

Which mythical brother killed his sibling?

A

Romulus killed Remus

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36
Q

Who was the leader of the Carthaginians?

A

Hannibal

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37
Q

Who urged for Carthage’s destruction?

A

Cato

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38
Q

What is the name of the river on which Rome is situated?

A

Tiber

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39
Q

Who was the (Roman) emperor when Christ was crucified? (AD 14-37)

A

Tiberius

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40
Q

Who championed the cause for the poor (in Rome)?

A

Tiberius Gracchus

41
Q

What is the Roman province where Jesus was born?

A

Judea

42
Q

What was the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire?

A

Constantinople (named for emperor Constantine)

43
Q

What was the period of peace and prosperity from 31 BC to AD 180 called?

A

Pax Romana

44
Q

Define Monasticism

A

withdrawing from society to live in monasteries. Practiced strict discipline and religious exercise

45
Q

Which Roman Emperor made Christianity legal?

A

Constantine

46
Q

Who was the greatest Roman poet? (wrote the Aeneid)

A

Virgil

47
Q

Which Roman emperor most severely persecuted the Christians?

A

Diocletian

48
Q

Which emperor began the first wave of persecution against the Christians?

A

Nero

49
Q

Define Synagogue

A

A jewish place of worship

50
Q

Define Catacombs

A

Subterranean galleries underneath Rome (housing the dead Christians)

51
Q

Which emperor’s name meant “The First Citizen” of Rome?

Caesar’s successor

A

Augustus (later referred to Octavian)

52
Q

Who wrote the emperor’s biographies entitled “The Twelve Caesars”?

A

Suetonius

53
Q

What Russian city rose to power during the Mongol empire and later became the capital?

A

Moscow

54
Q

Who brought us fireworks (Asian culture)?

A

China

55
Q

Which dynasty was founded by Shih Huang Ti?

A

Qin (Chin) Dynasty

56
Q

Which dynasty contributed bronze work, marble carvings, and developed an early form of writing?

A

Shang Dynasty

57
Q

Who was the first Mongol Emperor

A

Genghis Khan

58
Q

Who’s name means First Emperor and united China under one strong centralised government, constructed the Great Wall and left behind the Terra Cotta Soldiers to guard his tomb?

A

Shih Huang Ti

59
Q

Define Shintoism

A

Religion involves the worship of ancestors, nature, and the emperor
Native to Japan

60
Q

Define Hinduism

A 
Native to India
No human founder
Worshipped many gods
Emphasis on outward religious rituals
Goal of reuniting with the world soul
Believed that human life is a cycle of rebirths
61
Q

What was the language of East Africa?

A

Swahili

62
Q

Who was the first emperor of Japan?

A

Jimmu Tenno

63
Q

Who led the Taika Reform in Japan?

A

Prince Shotoku

64
Q

What is significant about the Yangtze River?

A

Early Chinese people lived along the valley of the Huang Ho and Yangtze River

65
Q

Define Bushido

A

An unwritten Japanese military code

66
Q

Who found the city of Troy?

A

Heinrich Schliemann

67
Q

Who is Herodotus?

A

An ancient Greek historian (spoke a lot about Nebachudnezzar)

68
Q

Define Peloponnesian League

A

League designed to thwart the advance of the democratic principles fostered by the Athenians.

69
Q

Define Doric

A

The Greek style with solid, strong, masculine looking features

70
Q

Define Septuagint

A

The Greek Translation of the Hebrew Old Testament

71
Q

Where did Caesar’s military campaign’s lead him?

A

Through Gaul (modern day France)

72
Q

Who was Justinian’s strong willed wife?

A

Theodora

73
Q

Define Hagia Sophia

A

“Holy Wisdom”
Built by Justinian
Said to be the finest example of Byzantine architecture

74
Q

Where was Muhammad born?

A

Mecca (every Muslim must make a pilgrimage there in their lifetime)

75
Q

Where did Muhammad flee to?

A

Medina

76
Q

Who is the father of the Arab people?

A

Ishmael

77
Q

Who is the father of the Hebrew people?

A

Isaac

78
Q

Define Castes

A

Rigid social groups

79
Q

Define Reincarnation

A

A cycle of rebirths where soul passes through many states before it escapes the physical world and unites with Brahman

80
Q

The first Indian civilisation settled on what river?

A

Indus

81
Q

Define Transubstantiation

A

The Catholic belief that in communion the wine and bread turn into the true body and blood of Jesus Christ

82
Q

Define Extreme Unction

A

sometimes called the last rites, gives an anointing or blessing to a seriously ill or dying person

83
Q

Define Manor

A

Centre of medieval society, a self-contained farming community controlled by a lord and farmed by peasants.

84
Q

Define Fief

A

Land grants given by the King to his allies

85
Q

Define Sacrament

A

a religious ceremony or act that is regarded as an outward sign of inward spiritual and divine grace

86
Q

Define Chivaly

A

Comes fro the French word for horseman

Knight’s code: brave in battle, skillful with his weapons, honest, generous, and loyal to his lord.

87
Q

Define Feudialism

A

Form of government prevalent in western Europe from the ninth to the thirteenth centuries.

88
Q

Who is the best representative of the medieval popes? Regarded as the first true pope

A

Gregory I (name means “The Great”)

89
Q

Who was not only the greatest Carolingian king but also one of the outstanding figures of the Middle Ages?

A

Charlemagne

90
Q

Who was best remembered of all the mayors of the medieval palace? Won his fame by stopping the advance of Muslims into Europe

A

Charles Martel (son of Pepin II)

91
Q

Define Heraldry

A

The system by which coats of arms and other armourial bearings are devised, described, and regulated

92
Q

Define Joust

A

A competition between two knights on horseback who charged at each other, carrying lances with which each tried to unseat his opponent.

93
Q

Define Castle

A

The centre of life for nobilty. Not only the lord’s home but also the local jail, treasury, armory, the court, and the seat of government.

94
Q

Define Knight

A

Medieval warriors who protected life and property and lived by the “code of chivalry”

95
Q

Define Relic

A

An object associated with a saint, such as a piece of clothing or even a part of the saint himself, such as a bone or a lock of hair.

96
Q

Who were the most powerful Germanic people in the early Middle Age?

A

Franks; kingdom ruled by the Merovingian House and the Carolingian House

97
Q

Define Vikings

A

Germanic tribes from Scandinavia that were explorers and warriors; the most feared invaders of their day

98
Q

Define Peace of God

A

Decree placed in attempt to put limitations on feudal warfare

99
Q

What was the early commercial centre of Greece?

A

Mycenae

World History (1 decks)

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