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World History > World History Midterm > Flashcards

World History Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

absolutism

A

the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles

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2
Q

divine right

A

the idea that kings get their right to rule from God

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3
Q

enlightenment

A

spiritual insight that frees a person from the cycle of rebirth

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4
Q

montesquieu

A

created the 3 branches of government/the idea of it

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5
Q

glorious revolution

A

invasion, aka the glorious crossing by the dutch

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6
Q

english bill of rights

A

the english constitution of laws- basic laws of england

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7
Q

john locke

A

created the idea of the three natural laws- life, liberty, and property

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8
Q

rousseau

A

reconcived the social contract

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9
Q

magna carta (1215)

A

first document that said the king isn’t above the constitution

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10
Q

results of enlightenment

A

inventions, scientific revolutions, and helped inspire the american and french revolution

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11
Q

charles ll of england

A

restoration period (ruled during this time)

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12
Q

restoration

A

return of heredity monarch to the throne

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13
Q

constitutional monarchy

A

a system of government in which the kings power is limited

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14
Q

english civil war

A

a series of civil wars between the parliamentarians and royalist

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15
Q

1st/2nd/3rd estate

A

first: clergy second: nobility third: commoners

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16
Q

napoleonic code

A

made men have more authority over their families

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17
Q

declaration of the rights of men and citizen

A

defined the individual rights at the time of the french revolution

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18
Q

ancien regime

A

a political or social system that was overthrown during the french revolution

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19
Q

bourgeoisie

A

middle class

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20
Q

continental system

A

blockade created by napoleon to stop great britian

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21
Q

estates general

A

representatives of the 3 estates

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22
Q

industrialization and britian

A

britian became more manufactured

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23
Q

textile industry

A

industry that made fabrics and cloths

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24
Q

agricultural revolution

A

unprecedented increase in agricultural production in britian

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25
Q

james watt

A

known for his improvements with the steam engine

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26
Q

enclosure movement

A

sealed off lands so they had private farms

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27
Q

triangular trade- transatlantic slave trade

A

trade between europe, africa, and the americas

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28
Q

otto von bismark

A

built a powerful and well equipped military, and was a prime minister/chancellor

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29
Q

imperialism

A

domination of one country in another region or country

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30
Q

motivation for imperialism

A

exploration, economic expansion, and increase in political power

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31
Q

discovery of gold/diamonds

A

it made people go to india for them

32
Q

sepoy mutiny

A

a bloody battle against the britian rule in india (sepoys vs britian)

33
Q

menelik ll of ethiopia

A

leader who used weapons to fight off indians

34
Q

purpose of african imperialism

A

economic, political, and social purposes

35
Q

role of nationalism in imperialism

A

pushed the governments of Britain, France, Germany, and other European powers to compete, first in Europe and then around the world

36
Q

sphere of influence

A

imperialism but where another country has investment rights in another country or region

37
Q

meiji restoration

A

a time when the emperor regained control in japan and germany and began modernizing

38
Q

india- “jewel of the crown”

A

because india had cotton, gold and diamonds

39
Q

social darwinism

A

racial superiority

40
Q

suez canal- importance to britian

A

it connected britian to the red sea and the mediterranean sea

41
Q

berlin confrence

A

a meeting held to discuss the rules of dividing africa

42
Q

monroe doctrine

A

when americas decided to close off their colonization

43
Q

opium wars

A

war over opium… britian gained hong kong

44
Q

treaty of nanking (nanjing)

A

it ended the opium wars

45
Q

king leopold ll

A

king of belgium…. took over the congo

46
Q

triple alliance/central powers

A

germany, austria-hungary, and italy

47
Q

triple entente/allied powers

A

france, russia, and britian

48
Q

militarism

A

when their is importance in the military

49
Q

zimmerman note

A

a secret note issued by Germany.. their plan to quickly win ww1

50
Q

causes of ww1

A

mania: military, allies, imperialism, nationalism, and advancements

51
Q

treaty of brest-litovsk

A

a treaty that let russia out of the war

52
Q

bolsheviks

A

swept to power and immediately sought to have peace with germany

53
Q

first battle of the marne

A

the very first battle of ww1

54
Q

schlieffen plan

A

frances plan to invade germany

55
Q

propaganda

A

employed on a global scale

56
Q

total war

A

involved a lot of people, more than ever seen before

57
Q

neutrality

A

not being in favor of either side

58
Q

purpose of the treaty of versailles

A

to make peace with the allies and germany

59
Q

armenian genocide

A

the turks were trying to knock out Armenians

60
Q

the league of nations goal

A

was to resolve international disputes

61
Q

war guilt clause

A

forced germany and the central powers to take blame for ww1

62
Q

trench warfare

A

a type of fighting where you fight in a trench

63
Q

treaty of versailles role in hitlers rise to power

A

germany was in a “depression” from having to pay reperations (which the treat of versailles made them pay) so since hitler refused to pay them it made germany want him as their leader

64
Q

ww1 techonology

A

u-boats, zeppelins, machine guns, flame throwers, tanks, and poisonous gases

65
Q

causes of the march revolution

A

russias massive defeats during ww1 and food and fuel shortages plus the governments low confidence

66
Q

nazi rise to power

A

after trying to rise to power illegally they decided to try and do it legally and they rose to power

67
Q

purpose of stalins purges

A

so stalin could get rid of any potential threats

68
Q

purpose of stalins show trials

A

to make stalins “threats” even more punished than they already are by opening their trials to the public

69
Q

fascism

A

authorization authorized by a dictatorial party

70
Q

adolf hitler

A

leader of the nazis

71
Q

benito mussolini

A

italian politican- created the national facist party

72
Q

totalitarianism

A

a government that is centralized and dictorial

73
Q

joesph stalin

A

soviet politican and he was a communist

74
Q

kristallnacht

A

the night of the broken glass– nazis broke all the windows and destroyed all the shops owned by jews or places of warships

75
Q

nuremberg laws

A

anti-semitisic racist laws that were enacted by germany

76
Q

beer hall putsch

A

the nazis failed attempt to seize power

77
Q

stalins 5 year plans

A

goals to increase industrialization, improve transportation, and increase the food supply

World History (1 decks)

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