World history Hinduism and Buddhism Flashcards
Who is referred to as ‘The enlightened one’?
Buddha
Siddhartha Gautama
What significant life events did Buddha witness at age 29?
Old man, sick man, corpse, holy man at peace
How long did Buddha leave his family to search for enlightenment?
Six years
What are the four noble truths in Buddhism?
- Life is full of pain and suffering
- Desires cause this pain
- By putting an end to desire, a person can end suffering
- There is a way to end desire
What is the Eightfold Path in Buddhism?
- Right view/knowledge
- Right intentions
- Kind and truthful speech
- Right conduct
- Right livelihood
- Right effort
- Right mindfulness
- Right meditation
What is the ultimate goal of following the Eightfold Path?
Achieve nirvana
What does nirvana represent in Buddhism?
Perfect state of understanding, release from selfishness and pain
What concept did Buddha accept and which did he reject?
Accepted reincarnation, rejected Hindu gods and caste system
Which countries have the largest populations of Buddhism?
- China
- Japan
- Vietnam
What are the main castes in the traditional Hindu caste system?
- Brahmins
- Kshatriyas
- Vaisyas
- Shudras
- Untouchables
What were the social conditions for Untouchables before Mohandas Gandhi?
- Unfit to worship
- Prohibited from using public roads
- Handled skins of cattle
What significant change occurred in 1950 regarding Untouchables in India?
The Indian constitution outlawed untouchability
What is another name for Untouchables in India today?
Dalit
What was the Sepoy Mutiny?
An 1857 rebellion of Hindu and Muslim soldiers against the British in India
What were some reasons for the Sepoy Mutiny?
- Racism
- Perception of conversion to Christianity
- Nationalism
- New cartridges greased with beef and pork fat
What was the outcome of the Sepoy Mutiny in 1858?
The British government took direct control over India
What does ‘Raj’ refer to in the context of British India?
British controlled portions of India from 1757 to 1947
Which two national groups were created as a result of the Sepoy Mutiny?
- Indian National Congress (1885)
- Muslim League (1906)
True or False: The Sepoy Mutiny decreased racist attitudes between the British and Indians.
False
