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History > World History Final > Flashcards

World History Final Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a democracy?

A

A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives.

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2
Q

What is an oligarchy?

A

A small group of people having control of a country.

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3
Q

What kind of government did Athens have?

A

Democracy.

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4
Q

What was Athens?

A

A greek city state.

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5
Q

What kind of government did Sparta have?

A

Oligarchy.

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6
Q

What was Sparta?

A

A greek city state.

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7
Q

What was a hoplite?

A

Hoplites were citizen-soldiers who were primarily armed with a 9’ spear, a short sword, and a shield. Their main tactic was the phalanx formation.

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8
Q

What is the phalanx formation?

A

A body of hoplites standing or moving in close formation..

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9
Q

Who was Homer?

A

The author of the Iliad and the Odyssey.

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10
Q

What is the Iliad and the Odyssey?

A

Epic poems written by Homer.

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11
Q

What is a Republic?

A

A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.

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12
Q

Who was Augustus?

A

Augustus was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor, he was very popular among his people.

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13
Q

Who was Caesar?

A

Julius Caesar was a Roman statesman and general who formed a triumvirate.

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14
Q

What is a triumvirate?

A

A group of three men holding power.

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15
Q

How did Caesar die?

A

Caesar was assassinated by a group of leader that believed he was going to continue on as a dictator.

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16
Q

What did Spartacus do?

A

Led the Slave Revolt in Ancient Rome.

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17
Q

What is the Parthenon?

A

The Parthenon is a former temple on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the goddess Athena.

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18
Q

What is the Colosseum?

A

An elliptical amphitheater in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy.

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19
Q

What was the Pax Romana?

A

It was the long period of relative peace and minimal expansion by the Roman military force experienced by the Roman Empire after the end of the Final War of the Roman Republic.

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20
Q

What role did the pope have during the middle ages?

A

They were central figures of power and influence

21
Q

What was a manor during the Middle Ages?

A

An agricultural estate that was largely self-sufficient.

22
Q

Who were vassals during the Middle Ages?

A

Vassals were granted land by lords and held the land for the lords, they were typically knights.

23
Q

Who were lords during the Middle Ages?

A

Lords were nobles who leased land or other property to an individual or many individuals.

24
Q

What is feudalism?

A

A way of structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labor.

25
Q

What was chivalry?

A

The medieval knightly system of religion, moral, and social code.

26
Q

What were the crusades?

A

The Crusades were military campaigns sanctioned by the Catholic Church during the High Middle Ages and Late Middle Ages.

27
Q

What were nursery rhymes used for during the Middle Ages?

A

Nursery rhymes during the middle ages were used to mock a person of power or a sickness. Almost all of them have secret meanings.

28
Q

Who were the Medicis?

A

They were a very wealthy banking family that originated in Florence, Italy and ruled for many years.

29
Q

Who was Machiavelli?

A

Machiavelli was an Italian historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher, humanist, and writer based in Florence during the Renaissance.

30
Q

Where did the italian renaissance begin?

A

Florence, Italy.

31
Q

What was art like during the Renaissance?

A

Art was very humanistic and it was everywhere during the renaissance.

32
Q

Who was Martin Luther?

A

Martin Luther was a great man of the Renaissance who changed the corrupt Catholic Church.

33
Q

What was the Protestant Reformation?

A

The 16th century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era.

34
Q

did people begin to indulge in things during the renaissance that they wouldn’t have prior?

A

Yes, this is because they became more focussed on humans and not god, they purchased more materialistic items.

35
Q

Who was Gutenberg?

A

Gutenberg invented the printing press in 1445.

36
Q

What is The Last Supper?

A

One of the world’s most famous paintings created by Leonardo da Vinci.

37
Q

What was a patron during the renaissance?

A

Patronage was a tool of rulership and diplomacy during the Renaissance.

38
Q

Who was Hernán Cortés?

A

A Spanish conquistador who overthrew the Aztec empire and won Mexico for the crown of Spain.

39
Q

Who was Christopher Columbus?

A

He was an Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer that found America.

40
Q

What was the Columbian Exchange?

A

The Columbian Exchange was the widespread transfer of animals, plants, culture, human populations, technology and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres in the 15th and 16th centuries.

41
Q

What is a missionary?

A

A missionary is a person sent on a religious mission, there were many during the age of exploration.

42
Q

What was The Middle Passage?

A

The Middle Passage was the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade.

43
Q

Who was Copernicus?

A

A Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe.

44
Q

Who was Galileo?

A

An Italian astronomer, physicist, engineer, philosopher, and mathematician who played a major role in the scientific revolution during the Renaissance.

45
Q

Who was Isaac Newton?

A

An English physicist and mathematician who discovered the laws of motion and relativity.

46
Q

What is heliocentric?

A

having or representing the sun as the center.

47
Q

Who was John Locke?

A

An english philosopher and political theorist that laid much of the groundwork for the Enlightenment and made central contributions to the development of liberalism

48
Q

Who was Montesquieu

A

A French lawyer, man of letters, and political philosopher who is famous for his articulation of the theory of separation of powers.

49
Q

Who was Voltaire?

A

A French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher famous for his wit, his attacks on the established Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and separation of church and state.

History (2 decks)

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