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world history exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

T or F: Louis XIV built the palace of Versailles for no other purpose than his own enjoyment.

A

false

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2
Q

What did absolutism and constitutionalism NOT have in common?

A

Power shared with a representative legislative body

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3
Q

T or F: John Locke wrote his Two Treatises of Gov during the English Exclusion Crisis in order to show his support for James, the Catholic heir to the English throne. Even though Locke wasn’t wild about the idea of a Catholic king, he thought it was NOT okay to go against the rules of succession.

A

false

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4
Q

Hobbes or Locke:
Life in the state of nature (society before any gov existed) was terrible and warlike, “nasty, brutish, short”.

A

Hobbes

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5
Q

Hobbes or Locke:
If a king is behaving as a cruel tyrant, it’s okay for the people to rebel against him.

A

Locke

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6
Q

Hobbes or Locke:
The purpose of gov is to secure people’s life, liberty, and property. The sovereign (king) has a responsibility to fulfill that purpose.

A

Locke

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7
Q

What is NOT a feature of absolutism?

A

Checks and balances

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8
Q

One thing that made absolutism acceptable to Europeans was

A

Exhaustion from over a century of chaos and violence due to religious wars

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9
Q

Constitutionalism developed in the 17th century in all of the following places EXCEPT

A

France

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10
Q

Louis XIV used almost entirely French materials and artisans to build his Palace of Versailles because he wanted to practice the economic system of

A

mercantilism

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11
Q

Inductive reasoning can be done from an armchair.

A

False

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12
Q

What was NOT a key theme of the Enlightenment?

A

original sin

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13
Q

T or F: Heliocentrism was a preferred model of the Catholic Church.

A

False

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14
Q

T or F: Like the American Bill of Rights, the French Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789) identified freedom of speech as an extremely important right.

A

True

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15
Q

T or F: The Seven Years’ War was a big defeat for France.

A

True

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16
Q

T or F: Members of the bourgeoisie in pre-revolutionary France were a part of the 2nd estate.

A

False

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17
Q

T or F: The Congress of Vienna returned France to its pre-revolutionary borders and restored many conservative regimes that were in place before the Napoleonic Wars.

A

True

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18
Q

Who did the bourgeoisie not include

A

unskilled factory workers

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19
Q

T or F: Adam Smith’s argument for “laissez-faire” capitalism was a reaction against mercantilism

A

True

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20
Q

Toussaint L’Ouverture was the leader of the what revolution.

A

Haitian

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21
Q

In the 1800s European political spectrum, “liberals” tended to be…

A

members of the bourgeoisie

22
Q

T or F: One thing that gave Britain an advantage when it came to industrialization was its empire, which provided both raw materials and markets for manufactured goods

A

True

23
Q

After industrialization, the western European social class system was increasingly dominated by what classes

A

Bourgeoisie and Proletariat

24
Q

The change from mostly skilled labor to mostly unskilled labor during the industrial revolution…

A

Made workers much more vulnerable because it made them easily replaceable

25
Q

What is NOT on our list of things needed to have an industrial revolution?

A

An absolutist system of government

26
Q

Characteristics of Romanticism do NOT include…

A

Emphasis on reason rather than emotion

27
Q

The Proletariat consists of

A

The working class, Factory workers, Unskilled laborers

28
Q

According to Adam Smith, an economic system should be designed around the assumption that

A

People mostly act in their self interest

29
Q

Socialists did not support

A

Laissez-faire

30
Q

T or F: One definition of nationalism is the desire to make political (state) borders match ethnic/linguistic borders

A

True

31
Q

T or F: The European belief in nationalism in the mid-1800s was a force for unity in Austria-Hungary

A

False

32
Q

T or F: The Opium Wars proved once again that China was the most powerful state in the world.

A

False

33
Q

_ led to the opening of Japan to western trade.

A

The Meiji Restoration

34
Q

T or F: The Indian Revolt of 1857 led to the end of the East Indian Company’s direct control in India.

A

True

35
Q

Following the Meiji Restoration, Japan did not undergo

A

Moved to an absolutist monarchy

36
Q

We compared two letters, one from the Qianlong Emperor to King George III from 1793 and the other from Commissioner Lin to Queen Victoria from 1839. What had changed between the two letters that caused them to have such different tones?

A

The opium trade

37
Q

The main reason why Western Europe and America (“the West”) became economically and militarily dominated during the 1800s was

A

Industrialization

38
Q

How did Hong Kong become part of the British Empire in the first place?

A

Treaty of Nanjing

39
Q

Which two European countries underwent unification in the mid-1800s due in part to widespread beliefs in nationalism?

A

Italy and Germany

40
Q

People of Spanish descent in Spanish America were called

A

Criollos

41
Q

The revolutions in Spanish and Portuguese America that established many Latin and South American independent states happened in the

A

Early 1800s

42
Q

The revolutions in the Spanish and Portuguese American colonies happened when they did mostly because of

A

Disruption of Iberian power due to Napoleon

43
Q

Only who could hold top positions in the Spanish American colonial government.

A

Peninsulares

44
Q

T or F: Simon Bolivar was a military and political leader who was involved in revolutionary movements and drafting of constitutions in Venezuela, Bolivia, Columbia, Ecuador, and Panama.

A

True

45
Q

T or F: Most Latin American revolutions produced liberal states with representative governments and a high degree of social equality

A

False

46
Q

T or F: The Ottoman Empire was very multicultural and relatively tolerant

A

True

47
Q

What did Muhammad Ali NOT do in Egypt?

A

Kept Egypt politically subservient to the Ottoman Empire

48
Q

The 1807 Abolition of the Slave Act abolished

A

The British Atlantic Slave trade only

49
Q

T or F: Juntas gave criollos a taste of self-rule

A

True

50
Q

an economic system designed to increase national wealth and power through government regulation of the economy, featuring policies designed to secure

A

mercantilism

world history exam 2 (1 decks)

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