World History Benchmark (definitions/people)

Question 1

Cardinal Richelieu

Answer 1

Lays the groundwork for absolutism

Question 2

Gustavus Adolphus

Answer 2

Takes everyone’s ideas and puts them together, father of modern warfare

Question 3

Maximilien Robespierre

Answer 3

Dictator of the French Revolution leading the executions - Starts the Reign of Terror

Question 4

Camillo Cavour

Answer 4

Prime mover in the unification of Italy

Question 5

Benito Mussolini

Answer 5

Invented fascism

Question 6

Joseph Stalin

Answer 6

Russian dictator who took over after Lenin, communist

Question 7

Mohandas Gandhi

Answer 7

Passive resistance - encouraged peacefully breaking the law for India’s independence

Question 8

Michael Faraday

Answer 8

Designed the first Dynamo (electrical generator)

Question 9

Millicent Fawcett & Emmaline Pankhurst

Answer 9

Founders of the British Women’s suffrage movement

Question 10

Margaret Thatcher

Answer 10

First female prime minister of England, conservative and ally of Ronald Reagan

Question 11

Mikhail Gorbachev

Answer 11

Final leader of the Soviet Union
When he resigns, the Soviet Union doesn’t exist anymore

Question 12

Name Four European Royal families and the country they are associated with.

Answer 12

Medici - Florence, Hapsburg - Austria, Valois - France, Tudor - England

Question 13

Nationalism, Imperialism, & Romanticism

Answer 13

Romanticism
Focuses on how people are feeling, not thinking, Individuality, Emotion, Freedom, Imagination
Nationalism
the policy of asserting the interest of one’s own nation viewed as separate from the interests of other nations or the common interests of all nation
Imperialism
The policy of expanding a nation’s power by seeking hegemony over other people

Question 14

The Scramble for Africa

Answer 14

Big world powers racing to take chunks of Africa

Question 15

The Dawes Plan & Money Cycle

Answer 15

American banks will loan money to the German government. They use that money to pay back reparation to Britain and France. They use that money to pay back US banks

Question 16

Anti-Semitism

Answer 16

Discrimination against Jews

Question 17

Appeasement (In regards to WWI)

Answer 17

The belief that aggressive governments (Germany) only wants a few things, if we give it, they’ll be satisfied and we’ll avoid a war

Question 18

The Marshall Plan

Answer 18

If a European nation is willing to invest some money themselves, we will send aid to help them rebuild

Question 19

Decolonization

Answer 19

Big world powers pulling out of their colonies and letting them be independent

Question 20

The Doctrine of Limited Sovereignty in the USSR

Answer 20

Russia can interfere in the affairs of communist nations - invented by Leonid Brezhnev

Question 21

Ethnic Cleansing

Answer 21

Mass murder of people of one ethnicity to “cleanse the population”