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World History Second Semester Exam > World History 2nd Semester Exam > Flashcards

World History 2nd Semester Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Chivalry

A

Code of conduct for knights during the Middle Ages

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2
Q

Crusades

A

a series of wars from the 1000s through the 1200s in which European Christians tried to win control of the Holy Land from Muslims

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3
Q

Reconquista

A

the campaign by European Christians to drive the Muslims from present-day Spain

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4
Q

The Inquistion

A

a Church court set up to try people accused of heresy

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5
Q

Utopian

A

idealistic or visionary, usually used to describe a perfect society

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6
Q

Heliocentric

A

based on the belief that the sun is the center of the universe

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7
Q

Humanism

A

an intellectual movement at the heart of the Renaissance that focused on education and the classics

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8
Q

Tsar

A

title of the ruler of the Russian empire

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9
Q

Steppe

A

sparse, dry, treeless grassland

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10
Q

Great Schism

A

the official split between the Roman Catholic and Byzantine churches

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11
Q

Moluccas

A

a group of islands in eastern Indonesia; was the center of the spice trade

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12
Q

Conquistadors

A

Spanish explorers who claimed lands in the Americas for Spain

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13
Q

Privateers

A

privately owned ship commissioned by a government to attack and capture enemy ships, especially merchant’s ships

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14
Q

Circumnavigate

A

to travel completely around the world

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15
Q

Dark Ages

A

the early medieval period of western European history.

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16
Q

Domesday Book

A

established effective taxation system

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17
Q

Peninsulares

A

member of the highest class in Spain’s colonies in the Americas

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18
Q

Indulgences

A

in the Roman Catholic Church, pardon for sins committed during a person’s lifetime

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19
Q

Line of Demarcation

A

line set by the Treaty of Tordesillas dividing the non-European world into two zones, one controlled by Spain and the other by Portugal

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20
Q

Mutinies

A

revolt, especially of soldiers or sailors against their officers

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21
Q

Vernacular

A

everyday language of ordinary people

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22
Q

Triangular Trade

A

colonial trade routes among Europe and its colonies, the West Indies, and Africa in which goods were exchanged for slaves

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23
Q

Black Death

A

an epidemic of the bubonic plague that ravaged Europe

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24
Q

Martyrs

A

person who suffers or dies for his or her beliefs

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25
Q

Scorched-Earth policy

A

military tactic in which soldiers destroy everything in their path to hurt the enemy

26
Q

Guillotine

A

device used during the Reign of Terror to execute thousands by beheading

27
Q

Laissez-Faire economy

A

policy allowing business to operate with little or no government interference

28
Q

Continental System

A

blockade designed by Napoleon to hurt Britain economically by closing European ports to British goods; ultimately unsuccessful

29
Q

Abdicate

A

to give up or step down from power

30
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

the middle class

31
Q

Annex

A

add a territory to an existing state or country

32
Q

Faction

A

a group within a larger group

33
Q

The Franks

A

most organized and successful kingdom

34
Q

Charlemagne

A

Charles the Great or Charles I, was King of the Franks.

35
Q

Thomas Aquinas

A

Faith and reason in harmony

36
Q

Joan of Arc

A

Female warrior and military leader

37
Q

Medici Family

A

Italian banking family

38
Q

Michelangelo

A

St Peter’s Cathedral- Pieta, David and Sistine Chapel

39
Q

Leonardo

A

The Last Supper and Mona Lisa

40
Q

Raphael

A

Drawing Madonnas

41
Q

Donatello

A

Bronze David, Gattamalata, and Penitent Magdalene

42
Q

Francesco Petrarch

A

Established large Library

43
Q

Albrecht Durer

A

went to Venice to study its more advanced artistic world

44
Q

Johann Gutenberg

A

publisher who introduced printing to Europe.

45
Q

Thomas More

A

Renaissance Humanist

46
Q

Martin Luther

A

Deeply influenced the doctrines of Protestant and other Christian traditions.

47
Q

Copernicus

A

Wrote revolutions of the heavenly shapes and theorized the sun is the center

48
Q

Galileo

A

Italian astronomer who theorized earth moved around the sun

49
Q

Rene Descartes

A

Developed experiments and observations, and the scientific method

50
Q

The Golden Horde

A

the Mongol armies that invaded Europe and ruled Russia for over two centuries

51
Q

Dante Alighieri

A

Major italian poet

52
Q

Magellan

A

set out from Spain with a fleet of five ships to discover a western sea route to the Spice Islands

53
Q

Henry the Navigator

A

led to the rounding of Africa and the establishment of sea routes to the Indies.

54
Q

Vasco de Gama

A

Portuguese sailor and explorer during the Age of Exploration. He was the first person to sail directly from Europe to India, around the Cape of Good Hope.

55
Q

Pizarro

A

Spanish conquistador known for conquering Peru’s Inca Empire and founding the city of Lima

56
Q

Hernan Cortes

A

Spanish conquistador and explorer who defeated the Aztec empire and claimed Mexico for Spain

57
Q

Jacques Cartier

A

His exploration of the St. Lawrence River allowed France to lay claim to lands that would become Canada.

58
Q

Ferdinand and Isabella

A

A king and queen of Spain who united their country and sponsored the exploration of the New World by Christopher Columbus

59
Q

Bartolome de Las Casa

A

Spanish historian, social reformer and Dominican friar.

60
Q

Amerigo Vespucci

A

he discovered present-day Rio de Janeiro. Believing he had discovered a new continent, he called South America the New World.

61
Q

Malinche

A

was a Nahua woman from the Mexican Gulf Coast, who played a role in the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire

62
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

An Italian explorer and navigator who sailed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean

World History Second Semester Exam (1 decks)

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