World Civ Mid Term Flashcards
republic
a form of government where power rest with the citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders
Tarquin the proud
was the last king of Rome - a tyrant
Patricians
wealthy landowners that held most of the power
Consuls
there were two Commanded the army Directed the government One year term Could not be elected again for 10 years One could always veto the others decision
The Senate
300 from the upper class Both legislative - law making
First Punic War
Rome wins
Sicily
21 years
Second War
Hannibal
50,000
80
Two brothers tried to effect reforms when they were Teibunes
Tiberius Gracchus
Gaius Gracchus
Julius Ceasar
Joined forces with Crassus - a wealthy Roman Pompey - a popular general Ceaser was elected consul in 59 B.C. 59-49 B.C. These three dominated Rome
Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius
plotted Caesars assassination
March 15th, 44 B.C. - “the ideas of March
The second triumvirate
Octavia
(Caesars 18 year old grandnephew and adopted son
Mark Antony
(An experienced general)
(A powerful politician
They took control of Rome in 43 B.C.
Jealousy ended union
Octavian forced Lepidus to retire
Octavian and Mark Antony became rivals
While fighting Rome’s enemies in Anatolia, mark Antony met Cleopatra
Followed her to Egypt
Octavian defeated the combined forces of Antony and cleopatra at the naval Battle of Actium - 31 B.C.
Antony and Cleopatra later committed suicide
Octavian became the unchallenged ruler of Rome
Accepted the title of Augustus - “exalted one”
Kept the title imperator
- supreme military commander
The term emperor comes from this title
From 27 B.C. - A.D. 180 peace reigned through out the Roman Empire
Known as the Pax Romana
civil service
this paid workers to manage the affairs of government
Virtue of Gravitas
the values of discipline, strength and loyalty
Juno
watched cover women
Pax Romana
began to crumble, more and more Christisnd were killed and persecuted
Edict of Milan
A.D. 313
Issued by Constantine
Declared Christianity one of the religions approved by the empire
A.D. 380 the emperor Theodosius made it the empires official religion
The Churches Hierarchical Structure
Fathers of the church
early writers and cholers
Saint Augustine of Hippo
Wrote the city of God
Roman art
Much of it was intended for public education
Developed a type
Here the sculptor shows the Roman Gods
Mosaics were pictures or designs made of small bits of glass, stone, or tile onto a surface
Virgil
spent 10 years writing the Anenid
Livy
compiled a multivolume history of Rome - tracing its origin from 9 B.C.
The latin Language
It remained the language of learning long after the fall of Rome
It remained the official language of the Roman Catholic Church until the 29th century
It developed into the Romance Languages: French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian
The Colosseum
from the Latin word colossus meaning “gigantic”
Aryans
Homeland was between the Caspian and Aral seas
Moved into the Indus River Valley
Left no archaeological record of their civilization
The picture of Aryan life comes from the Vedas - their sacred literature
Four collections of prayers, magical spells and instructions for performing rituals.
