World Cities Flashcards
History of london docklands?
Were the busiest docks in the world, surrounded by high density low quality housing and industry
Decline of London docklands?
1950’s- bigger ships couldn’t fit
1970’s- move from secondary to tertiary- globalisation- people moved out for employment
High unemployment
Poor hospitals and schools- cycle of deprivation
What and when was set up?
1981 LDDC
London docklands development corporation
Social task? Of LDDC
Create new housing, recreational and shopping facilities
Economic task? Of LDDC
Create new jobs and improve transport links
Environmental tasks? Of LDDC
Make use of derelict land
Planting trees
Green open space
Social impacts of regeneration?
22,000 new homes built
10,000 refurbished
Population doubled in 20 years following the development
New services of the development?
Several shopping malls Post 16 college University of East London campus Leisure facilities: water sports arena National indoor sports centre
Economic improvements?
No. Jobs tripled in 20 years
Many new firms- Stock exchange, ITV Studios, newspaper offices
Transport improvements?
Docklands light railway links with city centre
Jubilee line underground extension
City airport
Many new roads- M11
Environmental improvements?
200,000 trees planted
130 hectares of gos
Negative effects of the development?
New jobs went to skilled new comers
Housing price increases
Breakdown of community
Prices in the area increased- restaurants, bars
More money spent on infrastructure less on services
What is the prediction of the percentage of people living in cities by 2020?
53%- United Nations prediction
What is the prediction for 2025?
Just two of the largest 10 metropolitan areas will be located in the developed world.
What is a megacity?
Population larger than 10 million
What is a millionaire city?
Population more than 1 million
Example of an agglomeration?
Tokyo which now includes the religion of Yokohama
Definition of a world city?
A World City is a city that is a major centre for finance, trade, business, politics, culture, science information gathering and mass media
Give the Alpha ++ cities?
New Look, London
Give an Alpha + city?
Tokyo
Give an Alpha city?
Mumbai
What are 3 of the largest cities?
Mexico City
New York
Tokyo
What are the 4 characteristics of world cities?
Hubs of business, transport and trade
Production hubs
Political hubs
Migration hubs
How is London a transport hub?
London’s Heathrow airport airport has the worlds largest international passenger traffic
Why is Tokyo a major hub trade?
Dominated global trade and consumer activity
Corporate headquarters for TNC’s, industrial giants - BP
Stock exchange
Clear identifiers of personal wealth- no. Billionaires
Give an example of a production hub world city?
Hong Kong
Example of migration hubs?
Sydney and Melbourne
-regularly feature in the worlds top 10 cities offering the highest quality of life
Example of large city economies?
Londons GDP is greater than that of Sweden and Switzerland
London generates 40% of the UK’s GDP
How do London and New York dominate
Economically- influence global interest rates and share prices
Culturally- “theatre capitals”
What are the upcoming world cities?
2025 Dehli’s GDP will exceed that of Indonesia’s and Belgium’s in 2011
History of the urban balance?
1975- 6 of the largest metropolitan areas were located in EDC’s. e.g. UK was the first country to reach 50% urban pop in 1861.
Present urban balance?
By 2025 2/10 largest metropolitan areas will be located in the developed world.
What is the rate of urban population growth?
- 3% annually in developing world
0. 5% developed world
What are many cities in Africa and Asia experiencing?
Hyper-urbanisation
Their rates of growth exceed the cities ability to cope in terms of housing, employment and services
What is the main cause for growth in developing cities?
Rural- urban migration