WORLD CITIES Flashcards
what are the types of settlements?
isolated dwelling hamlets village small town large town city millionaire city super city mega city
what is the settlement hierarchy?
a way of ranking settlement in terms of population size, urban area or number of services.
what is included in the settlement hierarchy
population size
number of services
size of built area
social/economic/political
what are the criticisms of settlement sizes?
no universal definition
historical/political status
may be based on the function or services
what is a settlement?
where people live , this can be rural or urban
what is urbanisation?
increase in the proportion of a country’s population that lives in towns and cities
what is urban growth
increase in the number of urban dwellers
what is suburbanisation
movement of people from living in the inner part of city to live on outer edge
what is counterurbanisation
movement of people from large urban areas into smaller urban or rural areas
what is reurbanisation
movement of people and economic activity back into city centre
what is gentrification
refurbishment of an old area
what is a world city?
a city which acts as a major centre for finance, trade and politics and science
give 3 examples of world city
new York
London
tokyo
what are characteristics
dominant influence
focal point
synergy
what is informationalisation?
increasing importance of ifo based sector of economy
what is synergy
economies or groups working closely together
what is a learning centres
creative hubs, science parks and university
what is globalisation
intergration of economic, cultural and political across geographical boundaries. also refers to trade or finance
what is centres of spatial proximity?
tacit knowledge exists in certain areas of the city
what is sassen definition of world cities
cities that play in a major role in global affairs in terms of political, economics and culture. 1991
what is GaWC
globalisation and world cities research network
what are the different categories
alpha++ alpha beta gamma sufficiency
what are the 3 stages of megacities
mature slow growing
consolidating growing
immature rapidly growing
effects of urbanisation (social)
slums urban sprawl community spirit high crime rate services cant meet demand
effects of urbanisation (political)
trade unions
communism
women’s rights
effects of urbanisation (economic)
more in tertiary and secondary sector less people in primary sector swollen workforce depressed wage rate transport develops increase in service industries
effects of urbanisation (environmental)
pollution unclean water loss of green space national trust donates land( garden city movement) low quality housing
what is the cycle of urbanisation?
agriculture economic development increase urbanisation service industry counter urbanisation reurbanisation
push factors of urbanisation
famine
persecution
agricultural revolution
lower life expectancy
pull factors of urbanisation
better opportunities healthcare transport bright light syndrome trading hub quality of life standard of living better quality housing
Mumbai case study : location
east coast of india
Arabian sea
900 miles of south new delhi
Mumbai case study: push factors
crop failure disease conflict change in land use mechanisation of agriculture seasonal job
Mumbai case study: pull factors
better quality of life and standard of living better paid jobs infrastructure employment opportunities family already there
Mumbai case study : problems with urbanisation
rapid growth overcrowded pressure on transport dharavi slum informal sector
Mumbai case study: facts
financial capital
rapid population growth
nariman point - 25% international trade
large port
Mumbai case study; solutions
redevelopment of Dharavi
more sustainable housing
clean water
sanitation
