world between wars, aos 2

Question 1

the big three

Answer 1

• georges clemenceau - french pm
• david lloyd george - british pm
• woodrow wilson - usa pres

Question 2

terms of the treaty of versailles

5

Answer 2

• reparations
• war guilt
• loss of territories and colonies
• armed forces
• league of nations

Question 3

reparations

tov

Answer 3

germany had to pay 6600 million pounds in damages for the war. the german government tried to print more money to solve the country’s economic crisis, but this only resulted in hyperinflation

Question 4

war guilt

tov

Answer 4

germany was forced to accept full blame for starting the war. germans felt this was unfair, and that the blame should be shared

Question 5

loss of territories and colonies

tov

Answer 5

germany lost their overseas empire and some other territory, and were forbidden from uniting with Austria. this impacted germany’s pride and economy, and also meant that the allies were becoming stronger by gaining germany’s territory.

Question 6

armed forces

tov

Answer 6

germany’s armed forces were restricted to only 100,000 men, no armoured vehicles, submarines or aircraft, and only 6 ships. germany’s army was the source of its pride, which led to hitler later gaining a lot of support when he rebuilt the army

Question 7

league of nations

tov

Answer 7

germany was initially not allowed to join the league of nations. this made germany less open to negotitions because they felt insulted and excluded

Question 8

strengths of the lon

Answer 8

• gained support from countries that wanted peace
• settled land disputes in the 20s
• helped war refugees resettle
• dealt with the spread of disease

Question 9

powers of the lon

Answer 9

• could put moral pressure on countries
• could refuse to trade
• could send in troops

Question 10

weaknesses of the lon

Answer 10

• no real power, relied on goodwill and persuasion
• usa didnt join and britain and france werent able to run things due to the impact of ww1
• no permanent army
• disarmament was unrealistic
• everyone had to agree before action was taken
• reluctant to act

Question 11

timeline of hitler’s foreign policy

Answer 11

• 1934-5 rearmament
• 1936 rhineland
• 1938 austria
• 1938 sudetenland
• 1939 czechoslovakia
• 1939 poland

Question 12

rearmament

foreign policy

Answer 12

• hitler rearmed germany initially in secret, then publicly introduced conscription.
• he aimed to solve unemployment in germany.
• hitler gained a lot of support and popularity through rearmament

violated tov

Question 13

rhineland

foreign policy

Answer 13

• hitler moved troops into the rhineland and faced no interferene from france or the lon
• hitler’s gamble was successful, which grew his confidence

violated tov

Question 14

austria

foreign policy

Answer 14

• hitler pressured the austrian chancellor to call for a plebiscite on anschluss
• austria voted in favour of a political union with germany

violated tov

Question 15

sudetenland

foreign policy

Answer 15

• hitler demanded to be reunited with the german-speaking population in sudetenland, claiming he would fight czech if needed although he was not prepared
• the munich conference was held between between leaders of britain, france, germany and italy in which they agreed to give sudetenland to germany
• czechoslovakia and ussr were not consulted

Question 15

sudetenland

foreign policy

Answer 15

• hitler demanded to be reunited with the german-speaking population in sudetenland, claiming he would fight czech if needed although he was not prepared
• the munich conference was held between between leaders of britain, france, germany and italy in which they agreed to give sudetenland to germany
• czechoslovakia and ussr were not consulted

Question 16

czechoslovakia

foreign policy

Answer 16

• despite agreeing not to invade, german troops took over the rest of czechoslovakia in march
• britain and france realised hitler was untrustworthy and abandoned appeasement, pledging to defend poland if hitler invaded

Question 17

poland

foreign policy

Answer 17

• hitler and stalin formed the nazi-soviet non-aggression pact in which they agreed not to attack each other and to split poland between them
• german and soviet troops invaded poland on 1st september, triggering the declarations of war from britain and france

Question 18

definition of appeasement

Answer 18

a policy aimed to prevent aggressors from starting wars by finding out what they want and agreeing to demands that seem reasonable, undertaken by chamberlain and daladier

Question 19

landmarks of appeasement

Answer 19

• 1933 germany starts to rearm
• 1935 anglo-german naval agreement (germany could have a navy 35% of britains)
• 1936 remilitarization of the rhineland
• 1938 anschluss with austria
• 1938 world leaders agree to give hitler sudetenland at munich conference
• 1939 germany invades czechoslovakia, prompting britain and france to abandon appeasement

Question 20

faults of appeasement

Answer 20

• made hitler confident and encouraged him to be more aggressive
• put too much trust in hitler’s promises
• made the ussr feel vulnerable to hitler’s advances
• allowed germany to grow stronger than britain and france