Working with Groups Towards Community Development Flashcards
Supports communities, of place and identity, to use their own assets to improve the quality of community life
Community Development
Helps communities and public agencies to work together to improve services and the way in which decisions are made
Community Development
Community Development is fundamentally based on the values of
Human rights
Social Justice
Equality
Respect for Diversity
The principles which underpins its practices are
Self-determination
Empowerment
Collective action
Working and learning together
A process where people come together to take action on what is important to them
it is rooted in the belief that all people should have access to health, wellbeing, wealth, justice, and opportunity
Community Development
People and communities have the right to make their own choices and decisions
Self-determination
People should be able to control and use their own assets and means to influence
Empowerment
Coming together in groups or organizations strengthens people’s voices
Collective Action
Collaboration and sharing experiences is vital to good community activity
Working and Learning together
Stages of Group Development
- Stage of Orientation
- Stage of Conflict
- Stage of Cohesiveness
- Work Group Stage
- Termination Stage
Stages of Group Development
Sharing of information; First impressions
Stage of Orientation
Stages of Group Development
Learning about the project and discussion of the project’s objectives and goals
Stage of Orientation
Stages of Group Development
Roles and Responsibilities; Group cohesiveness
Stage of Orientation
Stages of Group Development
Style of communication; Designation of leader
Stage of Orientation
Stage of Conflict
- Competition
- Comparison
- Management
- Authority
- Domination and Suppression
- Confrontation
The mindset that develops when people put too much value on team consensus and harmony
Groupthink
It is common when individuals are afraid to go against what most group members - especially dominant members - think
Groupthink
Common causes of Conflict
Personal (emotional) stress
Competition over resources
Communication breakdowns
External work conditions
Common Approaches to Conflict Resolution
- Avoiding (no way)
- Dominating (my way)
- Compromising (halfway)
- Accommodating (your way)
- Collaborating (our way)
It is the process of norming is designed to provide a means for groups to create processes for resolving issues, increasing production and setting up policy, and procedures for interaction
Stage of Cohesiveness
Factors Influencing Group Cohesiveness
- Interdependency
- Size
- Homogeneity
- Stability
- Location
- Status
- Leadership
- External Pressure
- Competition
Work Group Stage
- Shared vision
- Working towards achieving the goal
- Transfer of knowledge
- Cohesion, collaboration, solidarity
Termination Stage
Perspectives
Debriefing
Community Empowerment: Domains
- Participation
- Leadership
- Organizational structures
- Problem assessment
- Resource mobilization
- Asking why
- Links with others
- The role of outside agents
- Program management
A collaborative relationship between willing entities formed to address shared objectives
Community Partnership (Collaboration and Partnership)
3 Categories of Community Change
- Programs
- Policies
- Practices
Characteristics of Effective Community Partnerships
- Leadership
- Aligned vision
- Roles, Responsibilities, and Accountabilities
- Framework for Culture and Values
- Communication
Steps in Collaboration
- Vision, Mission, and Objectives
- Action plan
- Developing leadership
- Documenting change
- Technical assistance
- Financial resources for organizers
- Make outcomes matter
It recognises that some people, some
groups and some communities are
excluded and oppressed by the way
society and structures are organised
Community Development
Causes of Conflict
Conflict often arises when team
members focus on personal
(emotional) issues rather than work
(substantive) issues.
Personal (emotional) issues
Causes of Conflict
cause
conflict—and misunderstandings are
exacerbated in virtual teams and teams
with cross-cultural members
Communication Breakdowns
Causes of Conflict
such as
information, money, supplies or access
to technology, can also cause conflict
Competition over resources
Causes of Conflict
Team morale can be low because of
external work conditions such as
rumors of downsizing or fears that the
competition is beating them to market.
External Work Conditions
Requirements for Collaboration
Trust
Empathy
Effective listening skills
Synergy
The process of norming is designed to
provide a means for groups to create
processes for resolving issues,
increasing production and setting up
policy and procedures for interaction
(Tuckman, 1965)
Stage of Cohesiveness
The team members start to make
significant progress on the project as
they begin working together more
effectively
Stage of Cohesiveness
Check problem solving and decision
making processes to ensure
effectiveness
Stage of Cohesiveness
There is an increase of morale and
mutual trust as members feel group
belongingness
Members master the abilities to solve
conflict.
Stage of Cohesiveness
The shared vision of the team. It is now
independent and does not need
interference or participation from the
leader
Work Group Stage
The team can work towards achieving
the goal and to attend to relationship,
style and process issues along the way
Work Group Stage
Think about how to transfer knowledge
created by the group
Work Group Stage
Group cohesion, collaboration and
solidarity are evident
They give feedbacks and evaluations
about each other’s opinions
Work Group Stage
Where the group is terminated and the
group members are separated from
each other
Termination Stage
It views the group from a perspective
beyond the purpose of the first four
stages
Termination Stage
Teams complete their project and
debrief on what went well and what
could be improved for future projects
Termination Stage
leverage the strengths of each partner
and apply it strategically to the issue at
hand.
Effective Partnership
Partnership vs. Partnership with Collaborative Decision-making process
short term, Informal to formal
relationships defined
by different partnership arrangements
Partnership
Partnership vs. Partnership using Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Commitment to an individual mission but understand their partner’s mission
Individuals retain their authority
Partnership
Partnership vs. Partnership using Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Participants may represent a single constituency; Choice of decision-making tools
Partnership
Partnership vs. Partnership using Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Enhances own and each other’s capacity
Partnership
Partnership vs. Partnership using Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Long term, formal relationships defined by different partnership arrangements
Partnership using a Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Partnership vs. Partnership using Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Commitment to a common vision
Individuals retain their autonomy
Partnership using a Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Partnership vs. Partnership using Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Participants represents a broad range of community interests
Decision-making tool, often consensus or modified consensus
Partnership using a Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Partnership vs. Partnership using Collaborative Decision-Making Process
Enhances own and each other’s capacity
Partnership using a Collaborative Decision-Making Process