Workforce Needs Flashcards
What forecasting method requires HR professionals to gather information from unit managers on both the volume of business activity and how many people are needed to carry out that activity?
Unit Demand
Which forecasting method predicts future employment needs based on expectations of how particular employment-related factors may change over time?
Trend Projections
Which forecasting method use models that predict future conditions using computer simulations?
Probabilistic Model
What are two limitations when using Probabilistic Models?
- Only as accurate as the information that you provide.
- Can become costly and unwieldy as more variables are added.
Which forecasting method determines the output or productivity the organization expects to achieve in the immediate future. Then, employment needs are calculated in reverse?
Workload Analysis
When using the Workload Analysis method, what are the 3 types of incident reports needed to determine workforce needs?
- Type of work
- Translate work to hours
- Employment needs
Which forecasting method examines historical information about workforce pertaining to a particular facet of the organization?
Ratio Analysis
Which method forecasts future job needs by combining the input and expertise of many professionals who never meet, but who come to a consensus over time?
Delphi Technique
Which forecasting method uses a panel of experts in a structured meeting to find a solution to a problem and reach a consensus agreement?
Nominal Group Technique
Which type of forecasting tool involves current employees of an organization expressing interest in a position that is not yet available to be filled?
Job bidding
Which type of forecasting tool involves identifying promising employees who have the potential to occupy managerial or executive roles in an organization (1-5 years in the future)?
Succession Planning
Which forecasting tool involves helping employees map out their long-term professional goals by identifying the career steps they need to take to achieve their career goals?
Career Pathing
Which forecasting tool involves identifying a career path that is rich in expertise and cross-training? Wherein, employees master two traditionally disparate roles, and then move on to the next phase.
Dual Career Ladder
Which forecasting tool involves categorizing employees into four categories?
Replacement Charting
What are the four categories in replacement charting?
- ready for promotion
- developed for future promotion
- satisfactory in the current position
- replace (retirement, transfer, promotion, disability leave, or poor performance)
What are the four tools which can be used to gather information as to why employees leave?
- Exit Interviews
- Post-Exit Interviews
- Focus Groups
- Predictive Surveys
What is a common practice that relies on paying a 3rd party business to perform a specific function that does not align with the company’s main ideals?
Outsourcing
What is a common practice where a company establishes a foreign subsidiary and transitions from higher-paid American workers to lower paid foreign workers?
Offshoring
Who is considered an independent contractor?
Individuals who contract to do specific work for other people or organizations and are not considered employees.
What is IRS for SS-8?
It is the IRS form which has the 20 factor test to determine whether a person is an employee or independent contractor.
What are the three differences between employees and independent contractors in terms of employer obligations?
- Must pay 1/2 of employees SS tax (FICA).
- Must withhold federal and state taxes
- Must pay overtime and on-call pay
When is an organization required to provide a temporary worker with workman’s comp?
If an organization directly hires an employee and generates a w-2.
If a temporary employee is injured on the job, who can they bring a claim against?
Both the organization and the temp agency
What are the obligations of a staffing agency when an employer has discriminated against one of its employees?
The staffing agency must report the organization to the Equal Opportunities Commission.
What rights do foreign workers have?
- They cannot be denied work if they meet the requirements.
- An employer cannot hold on to their passport or visa.
- They cannot be subjected to forced labor, nor can an employer threaten to turn them into immigration authorities.
What legislation do exempt vs non-exempt workers relate to?
FLSA U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act
What must employers provide for Non-Exempt Employees?
- They must be paid at minimum the federal minimum wage.
- They must be paid overtime (1.5) when applicable.
- They are usually paid hourly wages.
What FLSA provisions are exempt employees exempt from?
minimum wage and overtime
What are the 3 criteria that an employee must meet to be considered exempt from FLSA?
- they must earn more than $684/wk
- they must be salaried, not hourly based
- they perform certain exempt duties as part of their job
What is the white collar exemption?
This applies to employees whose duties are considered administrative, executive, or professional (teachers, lawyers, doctors, etc.)
What does Non-Exempt status not regulate?
It does not limit the number of hours that employees 16+ can work per week.
It does not require overtime pay for weekends, holidays or regular rest days unless overtime hours are worked on those days.
How long do employers need to keep records on non-exempt employees?
A minimum of 3 years
What does the FLSA not regulate or require?
- vacation, holiday, severance or sick pay
- meal or rest periods, holidays off or vacations
- premium pay for weekends or holidays
- pay raises or fringe benefits
- procedures for discharging an employee or immediate payment of final wages
What types of jobs are exempt from overtime requirements?
auto mechanics, cab drivers, railroad/airline workers, movie theatre employees
What type of workers are exempt from minimum wage requirements?
employees who earn at least $30/month from tips. They must be paid $2.13/hour and prove that they have made minimum wage in tips
What is the critical cutoff age for non-agricultural jobs?
18
What is the critical cutoff age for farm jobs?
16
Can 16 and 17 year olds work hazardous, non-agricultural jobs from unlimited hours?
No, 18 years old can.
What are some advantages to remote work?
reduces commute
increased pool talent
environmental
cost cutting
increased productivity
health benefits
What are some disadvantages to remote work?
less interaction
distractions at home
worries about promoting as quickly as in-house employees
What are 5 types of flexible work besides remote?
- telecommuting
- flex time
- compressed work
- job sharing
- phased retirement
What involves aligning a worker’s personal motivation, so they can perform at a high level of output, quality and morale?
Job design
What does an HR specialist do for Job Design?
Identify the duties, tasks and responsibilities of a particular job that needs to be performed with an appropriate level of motivation to increase productivity.
What is a reassessment of a position that has already undergone a job design?
Job Redesign
What might be required during a Job Redesign?
It might require an adjustment of duties, tasks and responsibilities by either:
Job simplification (job specialization)
Job enlargement
Job enrichment
Which type of Job Redesign takes away a duty from one position and gives it to another?
Job simplification (Job specialization)
What are the two types of job expansions that are involved in Job Redesign?
Job enlargement
Job enrichment
Which type of Job Redesign increases a variety of tasks that are performed to make it more meaningful?
Job enlargement
Which type of Job Redesign attempts to add more stimulating and rewarding work to a job?
Job enrichment
What are the two ways a job expansion can be applied?
Horizontal loading: jobs are made to be more comprehensive
Vertical loading: jobs are changed to give employees more responsibilities and authority
Which Job Design/Redesign method organizes the job according to human needs and motivations of the worker rather than organizational goals for output and quality?
Human Method
What are the 5 dimensions for worker motivation used in the job characteristics method?
- skill variety
- task identity
- task significance
- autonomy
- feedback
What is the procedure for Job Redesign?
- reconcile any differences between what is in the job description with actual work performed.
- reassign duties, tasks, and responsibilities
- Revise the job description and job specificity and revisit regularly.
