Workbook and Slides Flashcards
The 8 carpals are located just distal to which topographical landmark?
Flexor Crease
The olecranon process serves as an attachment site for which muscle?
Triceps Brachii
Which bony landmark serves as an attachment site for the tendons of the wrist and finger extensors?
Lateral epicondyle
What serves as the attachment site for the tendons of the wrist and finger flexors?
Medial epicondyle
Where is the head of the Ulna located?
Posterior medial side of the wrist
The head of the radius is stabilized by which ligament?
It is the pivot point for what two movements?
annular ligament
pronation and supination
Where is the ulna located?
Along the posterior/medial side of entire length of forearm, its edge is superficial and palpable.
What is surrounded by the extensor tendons and is the attachment site for the brachioradialis?
Styloid process of the Radius
Lister’s Tubercle is named after who?
The father of modern antiseptic surgery, Joseph Lister
How can you palpate Lister’s Tubercle?
What’s its other name?
Find head of ulna, and move 1 inch across towards radial side. Bump is superficial, oval and across from the head of the ulna.
Dorsal tubercle
Name all 8 carpals
(Right anterior, starting proximal thumb to pinky)
“So long to pinky, here comes the thumb”
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum (tries to be with the T party), pisiform, hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium (thumb)
“Some lovers try positions that they can’t handle”
What connects/inserts to the greater tubercle?
Infraspinatus, Subscapular, Teres minor (verify, may be more)
What connects/inserts to the deltoid tuberosity?
Brachialis? (verify)
What inserts to the intertubercular groove?
Latissimus dorsi (medially rotates and extends GH joint/shoulder, verify)
What are the four surface sides of the carpals that can be palpated?
Palmar
Dorsal
Radial
Ulnar
The carpals are located distal to which topographical feature of the palmar side?
Flexor crease of the wrist
Which carpal can be felt on the ulnar/palmar side of the hand, just distal to the flexor crease?
Pisiform
The pisiform acts as a attachment site for which muscle?
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Which carpal can best be palpated by asking your partner to abduct and adduct her wrist as you palpate just distal to the styloid process of the ulna?
Triquetrum
Which band of connective tissue forms the “roof” of the carpal tunnel?
Flexor Retinaculum
What bones are the medial attachments sites for the “roof” of the carpal tunnel?
What is the “roof” called?
Hook of the hamate and pisiform
Flexor retinaculum
What forms the Tunnel of Guyon?
The pisiform and hook of hamate
What 2 structures pass through theTtunnel of Guyon?
Ulnar nerve and Ulnar artery
How do you palpate the hook of hamate?
Accessible on the hand’s dorsal surface where the bases of the fourth and fifth metacarpals merge. Hook is often tender when palpated.
List your pneumonic to remember the 8 carpals
Bonus for Tunnel of Guyon and Flexor reticulum
1) (For the proximal)
- Scaphoid and Lunate (sail to the moon) to try (Triquetrum) position (Pisiform)
2) (For distal, focus on fingers)
- Index hangs with Thumb (Trapezium) to avoid being trapped with the middle (Trapezoid) because Ring Queen decapitates hamate who has a hook (Capitate, Hamate)
Bonus) Hook of Hamate try positions (pisiform) to form the sea Tunnel of Guyon where Ulnar nerve and artery shall pass. To sail the river, Scaphoid joins with the index-thumb (trapezium)
Which muscles primarily act on the elbow?
- Brachialis
- Brachioradialis
Which muscle group moves the wrist and/or fingers?
- Flexors of wrist and fingers
- Abductors of wrist
- Extensors of wrist and fingers
- Adduction of wrist
What muscles create pivoting action between the radius and ulna?
Pronator teres
Supinator
Pronator quadratus
Where are the flexor and where do they originate from mostly?
Anterior, medial epicondyle
Where are the extensors and where do they originate mostly?
Posterior, lateral epicondyle
What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?
Gliding
What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint
Ellipsoid (flex/ex, ulnar/radial dev.)
What type of joint are the CMC of 2-5?
What type of joint are the CMC of 1st?
Gliding
Saddle
What type of joint are the MCP (knuckles)?
ellipsoid
What type of joint are the PIP and DIP (thumb only has PIP)?
Hinge
How many bones in the:
- humerus
- forearm
- proximal carpals
- distal carpals
- metacarpals
- phalanges
1 humerus 2 forearm 3 prox carpals (1 sesamoid forms later) 4 dist carpals 5 MC 14 phalanges
Which is the stable bone in the forearm?
ulna
what type of sprain occurs in the interosseus membrane?
syndysmodic sprain
What’s another name for achille’s tendon?
calcaneal tendon
Which two carpals tend to get broken?
Scaphoid and lunate (scaphoid has tubercle)
In muscle testing, what muscles are tested when the forearm is:
- supine
- neutral
- prone
supine - biceps brachii
neutral - brachioradialis
prone - brachialis
Extrinsic muscles are where?
Intrinsic muscles are where?
forearm
fingers
What structure divides the flex/ex muscles on the lateral side?
What structure divides the flex/ex muscles on the medial side?
Brachioradialis - lateral
Ulna - medial
What muscles are synergyst with Elbow flexion?
- biceps brachii
- brachialis
- brachioradialis
- flexor carpi (radialis/ulnaris)
- palmaris longus
- pronator teres
- extensor carpi radialis (longus/brevis)
What muscles are involved with Elbow extension?
- Triceps brachii
- anconeus
What muscles are involved with forearm supination?
- biceps brachii
- supinator
- brachioradialis
What muscles are involved with forearm pronation?
what muscles create the pivoting action with ulna and radius?
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
brachioradialis
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
supinator
What muscles are involved with wrist flexion?
- flexor carpi (radialis/ulnaris)
- palmaris longus
- flexor digitorum superficialis
- flexor digitorum profundus
- flexor pollicis longus
Mucles involved with wrist adduction/ulnar deviation?
Extensor carpi ulnaris
flexor carpi ulnaris
