Work

Question 1

Grint (1)

Answer 1

1998: work is a socially constructed concept and can only be understood in its social and historical context

Question 2

Applebaum

Answer 2

1992: work as a means to combat sin, since hard workers went to heaven; work gave people dignity, self-respect and worth

Question 3

Weber

Answer 3

1930: Capitalism emerged as a result of the protestant ethic

Question 4

Chatterjee (in Littler)

Answer 4

1985: Social status of work - untouchables in north India

Question 5

Jackson & Carter

Answer 5

2000: occupation is the primary descriptor of the self; is it possible for one person to motivate another when motivation is the province of the self?

Question 6

Marx

Answer 6

1977: Division of labour and specialisation is alienating; become disconnected from work and from essence as human beings

Question 7

Newell

Answer 7

1993: ‘superwoman syndrome’; nature of work ambiguous for women

Question 8

Grint

Answer 8

1985: impact of technology; humans and machines form an ‘alloy’ to be deployed; ‘living to work’ rather than ‘working to live’

Question 9

Sutton & Rafaelli

Answer 9

1988: genuine emotional display in stores - employee perception of their job

Question 10

Robbins

Answer 10

2000: Old vs. New economy, organisation, employee; how times have changed

Question 11

Littler

Answer 11

1985: Unemployment leads to a loss of aim, purpose and identity - shows how people are traded as a commodity

Question 12

Key topics

Answer 12

Ambiguous nature of work;
Agrarian;
Religion;
Social class;
Scientific management;
Human relations movement - need to make workers feel important;
Role of women;
Impact of technology;
Human resources model - different workers have different needs;
Emotions;
Information age;
Motivation;
Unemployment