Words then Definitions Flashcards
Ankylosis
Stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion.
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel.
Claudication
Lameness, limping.
Contracture
Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint.
Crepitation
Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction.
Electromyography
Use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of a muscle contraction.
Exacerbation
Increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms.
Ganglion cyst
Tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist.
Hemarthrosis
Effusion of blood into a joint cavity.
Hypotonia
Loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching.
Multiple myeloma
Primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow.
Osteophyte
Bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord; also called a bone spur.
Phantom limb
Perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists.
Prosthesis
Replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity.
Rickets
Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called rachitis.
Sequestrum
Fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue.
Spondylolisthesis
Any slipping of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it.
Spondylosis
Degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues.
Sprain
Tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete.
Strain
To exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular.
Subluxation
Partial or incomplete dislocation
Talipes equinovarus
Congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side; also called clubfoot.
Muscular dystrophy
Disease causing degeneration of muscles.
Myasthenia gravis
Chronic neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness manifested in ocular muscles.
Ewing sarcoma
Type of sarcoma that attacks the shafts rather than the ends of long bones.
Greenstick fracture
Bone that is partially bent and partially broken; occurs in children.
Kyphosis
Exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the vertebral column; humpback.
Osteoporosis
Disease caused by a decrease in bone density; occurs in the elderly.
Scoliosis
Deviation of the spine to the right or the left.
Chondrosarcoma
Cartilaginous sarcoma.
Comminuted fracture
Describes a bone that has splintered into pieces.
Spondylitis
Inflammation of the vertebrae.
Gout
Metabolic disease caused by accumulation of uric acid, usually in the big toe.
Hematopoiesis
Development and production of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow.
Pyogenic
Formation of pus.
Necrosis
Death of cells, tissues, or organs
Myelography
Radiograph of spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium.
Open reduction
Treatment of bone fractures by use of surgery to place bones in normal position.
Gold salts
Used to treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity with the immune system.
CTS
Painful disorder of the wrist and hand due to compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel.
Laminectomy
Excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra.
Arthrography
Series of joint radiographs preceded by injection of a radiopaque substance or air into the joint cavity.
Arthrodesis
Surgical binding or immobilizing of a joint.
Amputation
Partial or complete removal of a limb.
HNP
Herniated nucleus pulposus.
Salicylates
Relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation.
Arthroscopy
Visual examination of a joint’s interior; especially the knee.
Sequestrectomy
Excising a segment of necrosed bone.
ACL
Anterior cruciate ligament.
Relaxants
Relieve muscle spasms and stiffness.
Closed reduction
Manipulative treatment of bone fractures by placing the bones in normal position without incision.
