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English vocabulary > Words P1-50 > Flashcards

Words P1-50 Flashcards

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1
Q

Entice

A

Our special offers are intended to entice people to buy.

SYN - persuade

to persuade someone to do something or go somewhere

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2
Q

Defacate

A

The drug’s side-effects can include involuntary defecation.

stool

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3
Q

Defacate

A

The drug’s side-effects can include involuntary defecation.

stool

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4
Q

Geyser

A

a natural spring that sends hot water and steam suddenly into the air from a hole in the ground

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5
Q

Buffer[v./n.]

A

v. - Consumer spending is buffering the effects of the recession

n. - Eastern Europe was important to Russia as a buffer against the West.

[v.] to reduce the bad effects of something

[n.] PROTECTION

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6
Q

Toll

A

The death toll has risen to 83.

the number of people killed or injured in a particular accident

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7
Q

Tunnel

A

a passage that has been dug under the ground for cars, trains etc to go through

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8
Q

Pleasantry

A

Stephen and Mr Illing exchanged pleasantries.

things that you say to someone in order to be polite

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9
Q

Branch

A

All branches of government are having to cut costs.

OF GOVERNMENT a part of a government or organization that deals things

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10
Q

Feud

A

The neighboring states are feuding over the rights to the river

 argument
 fight
 quarrel - especially British English
 feud /fjuːd/
 dispute - a public or legal argument about something, especially one which continues for a long
 war/battle of words - an argument in which two people or groups criticize each other continuously in public
 shouting match - an angry argument in which people shout at each other: He got into a shouting match with another driver.

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11
Q

conviction

A

1. a very strong belief or opinion
The Dotens have a deep conviction that marriage is for life.

2. the feeling of being sure about something and having no doubts
He was able to say with conviction that he had changed.

*3. a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime, or the process of proving that someone is guilty *
They had no previous convictions.

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12
Q

Integrity

A

**I am sorrt, are you questioning my intergrity as a scientist? **
* SYN - honest / goodness / virtue / honor

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13
Q

Asparagus

A

a type of green vegetable

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14
Q

sweet potato

Yam

A

American English - a type of sweet potato

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15
Q

Scenario

A

It is difficult to imagine a scenario in which the company will give this information freely.

a written description of the characters, place, and things that will happen in a film, play etc

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16
Q

Criterion - criteria

A

standard / benchmark / principle / rule

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17
Q

Pip

A

the one of most famous and abysmal story was five orange pips

a small seed from a fruit such as an apple or orange

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18
Q

Distress

A

The girl was crying and clearly in distress.

[n.] a feeling of extreme unhappiness:
in distress

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19
Q

Frastration

A

 Anger
 Annoyance
 Irritation
 Frustration
 Resentment
 rancor
 spleen

People often feel a sense of frustration that they are not being promoted quickly enough.

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20
Q

Bear fruit

A

But the flow of information is likely to beat fruit in several ways.

to have a successful result

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21
Q

Vie

A

APPs are vying to see if they can diagnose everything from skin cancer and concussion to Parkinson’s disease.

to compete very hard with someone in order to get something

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22
Q

Pore over

A

Data can be pored over by those who are interested.

to read or look at something very carefully for a long time

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23
Q

Outlet

A

▪ shop - especially British English store especially American English
▪ boutique -a small shop that sells fashionable clothes or other objects
▪ department store - a very large shop that is divided into several big parts
▪ grocery store - American English
▪ salon
▪ nursery - especially American English a place that sells a wide range of plants, seeds, and things for your garden
▪ outlet ▪ mall
▪ market ▪ strip mall

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24
Q

Stigma

A

The stigma of alcoholism makes it difficult to treat. / The stigma of mental illness remains healthy.

a strong feeling in society that being in a particular situation or having a particular illness is something to be ashamed of

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25
Q

small beer

A

Small beer considering the scale of the problems and of the prime minister’s avowed ambition.

If you say that something is small beer, you mean that it is unimportant in comparison with something else.

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26
Q

Avowed

A

admitted or said publicly

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27
Q

Knead

A

▪ grate - to cut cheese, carrot etc into small pieces by rubbing it against a special tool
▪ melt
▪ sift - American English to put flour or other powders through a sieve (=tool)
▪ chop
▪ dice - to cut vegetables or meat into small square pieces
▪ season - to add salt, pepper etc to food: Season the meat before grilling.
▪ crush
▪ mix
▪ beat/whisk -to mix food together quickly with a fork or other tool
▪ stir
▪ fold something in
▪ knead
▪ drizzle -to slowly pour a small amount of a liquid onto something

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28
Q

Muse

A

He mused on how different his life would have been, had he not met Louisa.

Ponder / comtemplate / consider

to think about something for a long time

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29
Q

Ruminate

A

He sat alone, ruminating on the injustice of the world.

to think carefully and deeply about something

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30
Q

–Deliberate v.

A

There was silence while she deliberated on his words.
to think about something very carefully

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31
Q

Taxing

A

The job turned out to be more taxing than I’d expected

needing a lot of effort

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32
Q

Exacting

A

And since when did being exacting become a health risk?

demanding a lot of effort, careful work or skill

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33
Q

Torrent

A

That man tortured me with a torrent of nonsense.

a torrent of something - a lot of words spoken quickly, especially in order to insult or criticize someone

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34
Q

Slay - slew - slain

A

Two teenagers were slain in the shootings.

to kill someone

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35
Q

Intently

A

He gazed intently at his watch.

having the mind, attention, or will concentrated on something or some end or purpose

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36
Q

Vulgar

A

These types of programs are often vulgar, tasteless and base.

not behaving politely in social situations

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37
Q

Intoxicating

A

the intoxicating combination of her beauty and wit

making you feel happy, excited, and unable to think clearly

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38
Q

Rampant

A

Abuse of power among senior officials is said to be rampant

if something bad, such as crime or disease, is rampant, there is a lot oRampantf it and it is very difficult to control ⇨ rife, widespread

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39
Q

Adamant

A

She begged me to change my mind, but I remained adamant.

SYN - determined / fixed / stubborn

determined not to change your opinion or a decision that you have made

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40
Q

Furrow

A

Quin’s brow furrowed in concentration.

to make the skin on your face form deep lines or folds, especially because you are worried or thinking hard

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41
Q

Livestock

A

She kept some livestock in the barn, including her pet pig, Misery.

animals such as cows and sheep that are kept on a farm ⇨ cattle

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42
Q

Furtive

A

Many try to hide their surprise, but their furtive glances say it all.

behaving as if you want to keep something secret
SYN secretive

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43
Q

Shuttle

A

SYN commute

Susan shuttles between Rotterdam and London for her job.

to travel frequently between two places

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44
Q

Jeer

A

SYN - Gide

The President fired his secretary who jeered the party in parliament.

to laugh at someone or shout unkind things at them in a way that shows you do not respect them

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45
Q

Stifle

A

OPP encourage
SYN suppress / silence / stop

rules and regulations that stifle innovation

to stop something from happening or developing

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46
Q

Turn down

A

Modern day, lots of Britain students choose to turn down the Cambridge, then go to the Ivy League in United States.

to refuse an offer, request, or invitation

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47
Q

Exorbitant

A

SYN
 expensive
 pricey
 costly
 cost a fortune
 exorbitant
 astronomical
 overpriced

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48
Q

Sketch

A

SYN
 draw
 sketch - to draw a picture of something or someone quickly and without a lot of detail
 illustrate - to draw the pictures in a book
 doodle - to draw without really thinking about what you are doing
 scribble - small children do this before they have learned to draw or write
 trace - to copy a picture by putting a piece of thin paper over it and drawing the lines that you can see through the paper

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49
Q

Verge

A

be on the verge of something
to be at the point where something is about to happen

We live in a world on the verge of XXX. / Doge looked to be on the verge of tears.

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50
Q

Scuffle

A

Scuffles broke out between rival supporters during the match.

▪ fight
▪ battle
▪ scuffle - a short fight that is not very violent
▪ brawl - a noisy fight between a group of people
▪ altercation formal
▪ riot - a fight involving a large number of people, especially people who are protesting

a short fight that is not very violent

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51
Q

Brink

A

the brink (of something)
a situation when you are almost in a new situation, usually a bad one

The company had huge debts and was on the brink of collapse.

52
Q

Sneaker

A

a pair of white sneakers

a type of light soft shoe with a rubber sole (=bottom), used for sports

53
Q

Cannon Fodder

A

ordinary soldiers whose lives are not considered to be very important, and who are sent to fight where they are likely to get killed

54
Q

Palpable

A

obvious; clear; evident; manifest; visible

When she encountered a like-minded voter, her relief was palpable.

a feeling that is palpable is so strong that other people notice it and can feel it around them

55
Q

Accusation

A

His administration now faces accusations of corruption.

a statement saying that someone is guilty of a crime or of doing something wrong

56
Q

Allegation

A
57
Q

Indictment

A

especially American English law an official written statement charging someone with a criminal offence

58
Q

Scorching

A

a scorching hot day

extremely hot

59
Q

Quell

A

SYN calm / pacify / mollify / assuage

Twice Monday President Trump tweeted to try to quell shortage fear.

to reduce or stop unpleasant feelings such as fear, doubt, or worry

60
Q

Flock

A

People have been flocking to the exhibition.

if people flock to a place, they go there in large numbers because something interesting or exciting is happening there

61
Q

Foment

A

SYN stir up = incite = provoke

That could actually foment violence. So the stakes are very very high.

to cause trouble and make people start fighting each other or opposing the government

62
Q

Uphold

A

The conviction was upheld by the Court of Appeal.

if a court upholds a decision made by another court, it states that the decision was correct

63
Q

Proliferation

A

The proliferation of global media networds.

a sudden increase in the amount or number of something

64
Q

Meager

A

a relatively meager piece of this pie

a meagre amount of food, money etc is too small and is much less than you need ⇨ substantial

65
Q

– Fabrication

A

the process of making or producing something
SYN - manufacture

66
Q

Myraid

A

the myraid causes of homelessness

very many

67
Q

– Wake

A

Famine followed in the wake of the drought.

in the wake of something
if something, especially something bad, happens in the wake of an event, it happens afterwards and usually as a result of it

68
Q

Futility

A

the injustice and futility of terrorism.

Futility is a total lack of purpose or usefulness.

69
Q

Tedious

A

SYN
 boring
 not very interesting
 dull = bland
 tedious
 mundane

The work was tiring and tedious.

70
Q

– Booster

A

a dance organized by the school’s booster club

someone who gives a lot of support to a person, organization, or idea

71
Q

Bludgeon

A

1. to hit someone several times with something heavy:
He was bludgeoned to death with a hammer.

2. to force someone to do something by making threats or arguing with them
I won’t let myself be bludgeoned into marriage.

72
Q

Belligerent

A

SYN aggressive
a belligerent attitude

very unfriendly and wanting to argue or fight

73
Q

Roll out

A

The company expects to roll out the new software in September.

to make a new product available for people to buy or use

74
Q

Lessen

A

I know in my bones that these sentiments lesseen the pain of grief.

to become smaller in size, importance, or value, or make something do this

75
Q

Aver

A

SYN declare
He avers that chaos will erupt if he loses…

tosay something firmly and strongly because you are sure that it is true

76
Q

Perpetrator

A

The he argued that dietary fat was fingered for decades as the perpetrator of obesity, diabetes and heart disease.

someone who does something morally wrong or illegal ⇨ culprit

77
Q

Abet

A

Abetted by an industry that funded scientific research liking fat with coronary disease.

Aid and abet – We are not aiding and abetting the criminal.

to help someone do something wrong or illegal

78
Q

Wanting

A

Because research specific to sugar’s deleterious effects is wanting, the science, Mr. Taubes concedes, is not definitive.

something that is wanting lacks or misses something that it needs or something that you expect it to have

79
Q

Inmate

A

 prisoner
 convict - especially written Convict is used especially about someone who is sent to prison for a long time. It is more commonly used in historical descriptions
 inmate
 captive - especially literary someone who is kept somewhere and not allowed to go free, especially in a war or fighting.
 hostage

80
Q

Evict

A

They were unable to pay the rent and were evicted from their home.

—eviction noun
The family now faces eviction from their home.

tell someone legally that they must leave the house they are living in

81
Q

Sentiment

A

Similar sentiments were expressed by many politicians.

REGISTER
In everyday English, people usually say feeling rather than sentiment

formal - an opinion or feeling you have about something

82
Q

Confiscate

A

The police said the cad had been confiscated from the criminal.

to officially take private property away from someone, usually as a punishment

83
Q

Formidable

A
84
Q

Formidable

A

1. very powerful or impressive, and often frightening
The building is grey, formidable, not at all picturesque.

2. difficult to deal with and needing a lot of effort or skill
formidable task/challenge
the formidable task of local government reorganization

85
Q

– Film

A

a film of oil on the surface of the water

a very thin layer of liquid, powder etc on the surface of something

86
Q

Wary

A

I’m a bit wary of driving in this fog.

someone who is wary is careful because they think something might be dangerous or harmful

87
Q

Shun

A

= avoid / keep away from

Because a study finds that people shun group members who are overly generous.

to deliberately avoid someone or something

88
Q

Immersion

A

my immersion in black music and culture

the fact of being completely involved in something you are doing

89
Q

Hibernate

A

if an animal hibernates, it sleeps for the whole winter

90
Q

Gilded

A

Harry was facing a mirror over the fireplace, a great gilded thing in a frame.

covered with a very thin layer of gold

91
Q

Consulate

A

Embassy / envoy / messenger

92
Q

Scrape

A
  • injury
  • wound - an injury, especially a deep cut in your skin made by a knife, bullet
  • cut - a small injury
  • bruise
  • graze/scrape - a small injury that marks your skin or breaks the surface slightly
  • gash - a long deep cut
  • bump - an area of skin that is swollen because you have hit it against something
  • sprain - an injury to your ankle, wrist, knee etc, caused by suddenly twisting it
  • strain - an injury to a muscle caused by stretching it or using it too much
  • fracture - a crack or broken part in a bone: a hip fracture
93
Q

Nimble

A

nimble fingers

able to move quickly and easily with light neat movements

94
Q

Agile

A

Dogs are surprisingly agile.

nimble

95
Q

Wade

A

walk

wander

stride - to walk with long steps in a determined, confident, or angry way

pace - to walk first in one direction and then in another many times, especially because you are nervous: Nick was pacing up and down, waiting for the phone to ring

march - to walk quickly with firm regular steps

wade - to walk through deep water: We had to wade across the river.

stomp - to walk putting your feet down very hard, especially because you are angry: She turned and stomped off without looking back.

96
Q

Definance

A

Running away was an act of defiance against his parents.

behavior that shows you refuse to do what someone tells you to do, especially because you do not respect them ⇨ defy

97
Q

Given

A

Given the circumstances, you’ve done really well.

Given that the patients have some disabilities, we still try to enable them to be as independent as possible.

considering

98
Q

Herald

A

[v.]1. to be a sign of something that is going to come or happen soon:
Flashing blue lights heralded the arrival of the police.

[n.]2. herald of something a sign that something is soon going to happen
the first bright heralds of spring

99
Q

Complexion

A

Drinking water is good for the complexion.

pale/fair/ruddy etc complexion (=a pale, fair, red etc face)

[countable] the natural color or appearance of the skin on your face:

100
Q

Incinerate

A

The dead birds used to be incinerated; now they come here.

to burn something completely in order to destroy it

101
Q

Char

A

A record summer fire season has charred 12 million acres, destroyed 1400 homes, and left 17 people dead.

to burn something so that its outside becomes black

102
Q

Paranormal

A

ghosts and other paranormal phenomena, like Deja vu

paranormal events cannot be explained by science and seem strange and mysterious ⇨ supernatural

103
Q

Glean

A

Additional information was gleaned from other sources

to find out information slowly and with difficulty

104
Q

Stub

A

I throw the chalk stub into the trash and then open question to students.

the short part of something long and thin, such as a cigarette or pencil, that is left when the rest has been used
a pencil stub / ticket stub / check stub

105
Q

Overrun

A

The final speaker overran by at least half an hour.

to take more time or money than intended

106
Q

Atheist

A

The - God
theology
= nonbeliever

107
Q

Beam

A

Sherman looked at his sons and beamed proudly.

 smile

 grin - to give a big smile: The two boys were grinning at each other.

 beam - to give a big happy smile for a long time, because you are very pleased or proud

 smirk - to smile in an unpleasant way, for example because you are pleased about someone else’s bad luck or because you know something that someone else does not know

to smile very happily

108
Q

Self-conscious

A

Jerry’s pretty self-conscious about his weight.

worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you

109
Q

– File

A

We began to file out into the car park. / Student are filing out the classroom.

if people file somewhere, they walk there in a line

110
Q

Dovish

A

So we saw a big reaction in the Treasury market with investors betting on a slightly more dovish fed on maybe less aggressive pace of rate hikes.

preferring peace and discussion to war

111
Q

Quilt

A

The way the light shined on her skin as she sewed the quilt emphasized the details of every wrinkle, burn and cut.

a warm thick cover for a bed, made by sewing two layers of cloth together, with feathers or a thick material in between them

112
Q

Intruder

A

The police think the intruder got in through an unlocked window.

someone who illegally enters a building or area, usually in order to steal something

113
Q

–Commitment

A

Thanks for making this commitment.

the hard work and loyalty that someone gives to an organization, activity etc

114
Q

Grieve

A

We grieve with the people of Republic of Korea and send our best wishes for a quick recovery to all those who were injured.

SYN mourn / lament / regret / weed

to feel extremely sad, especially because someone you love has died

115
Q

Cripple v. /n.

A

1. someone who is unable to walk properly because their legs are damaged or injured – now considered offensive ⇨ disabled

It is considered impolite to call someone a cripple.

[v.]to damage something badly so that it no longer works or is no longer effective

A industry crippled by the coronavirus.

116
Q

– Lame adj. / v.

A

[adj.] unable to walk properly because your leg or foot is injured or weak = crippled
a lame dog

[v.]to make a person or animal unable to walk properly
SYN cripple

117
Q

Incumbent /ɪnˈkʌmbənt/

A

Frontrunner Joe Biden says he can beat incumbent Trump.

[n.] someone who has been elected to an official position, especially in politics, and who is doing that job at the present time

118
Q

Derail

A

Negotiators say the bombers are trying to derail the talks.

to spoil or interrupt a plan, agreement etc

119
Q

Commotion

A

What’s all this commotion? Said another familiar voice

sudden noisy activity

com(together) + motion(to move)

120
Q

Clan

A

the entire extended clan was left destitute as a result.

a large group of families who often share the same name

121
Q

Cast a vote/ballot

A

Four years ago, the French electorate cast a ballot for change.

to vote in an election

122
Q

– Prior n.

A

Don’t pull over, honey!! I had prior!! Remember the park ticket.

a previous occasion when someone was found guilty of a crime

123
Q

Edible

A

It’s definitely real and definitely not edible, so do not eat this.

something that is edible can be eaten
OPP inedible

124
Q

Erotic

A

an erotic book, picture, or film shows people having sex, and is intended to make people reading or looking at it have feelings of sexual pleasure

125
Q

Caliber

A

But I worked my life to get to a place of this caliber.

the level of quality or ability that someone or something has achieved

English vocabulary (8 decks)

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