Words from translation practise Flashcards
citharista, -ae
cithara player
1st declension masc. noun
praeclarus, -a, -um
very clear or bright; illustrious, famous; noble, excellent; splendid
adj.
versor
I turn myself around; I move around; I dwell, live
Deponent verb
present infinitive versārī, perfect active versātus sum
versatus erat
He had been moving around; he had been living
Pluperfect. Deponent verb (inf. versari)
Is
He (nominative)
ops, -is
f. third declension noun
(in the singular, nominative not in use) strength, power, assistance, power to help, property
(in the plural) resources, wealth
profectus est
He set out
Perfect tense of dep. verb proficiscor
conduco
I lead, bring, draw together, assemble; I connect, unite, join
(present infinitive condūcere, perfect active condūxī, supine conductum
vero
adv.
verily, truly, really, doubtless, in truth; in particular, specifically; (as a postpositive) but
tum vero
but then
prex, gen. precis
f. third decl. noun
prayers, request, entreaty
vitam deprecatus est
he begged for his life
oblatus, -a, -um
participle (from offero)
shown, exposed, exhibited; inflicted, unexpected
deprecor
I entreat, pray, beg; I avert by prayer; I intercede, beg for pardon, beg for mercy
Dep. verb - present infinitive dēprecārī, perfect active dēprecātus sum
confugio
I flee, take refuge; I appeal to
cōnfugere, cōnfūgī, cōnfugitum
propter (+acc.)
on account of, because of; near, close to
Preposition
scelus, gen. sceleris
neuter third decl. noun
an evil deed, a crime, a sin; wickedness, villainy
a criminal, a villain
quam celerrime
as quickly as possible
conor
dep. verb - conor, conari, conatus sum
I try, attempt
etiam
adv.
also, too, furthermore, likewise, besides, and even
quamquam
conjunction
although, though, albeit
deleo
I destroy, raze, annihilate
present infinitive dēlēre, perfect active dēlēvī, supine dēlētum
exercitus, -us
masc. 4th decl. noun
an army, an exercised/disciplined body of men, a troop, a swarm, a multitude, a body of attendants
oraculum, -i
neuter 2nd decl. noun
an oracle, a prophecy, a divine announcement; a place where oracles are given
cogo
I force, compel, urge, encourage
I collect, gather together, assemble, restrict, confine
cogere, coegi, coactus sum
eodem anno
(in) the same year
arma moverat
he had taken up arms
ascensurus, -a, -um
participle
about to raise, about to ascend
impetro
I accomplish, succeed; I obtain, procure
impetro, impetrare, impetravi, impetratum
non impetravit
she did not succeed
calceo
I shoe, furnish with shoes; put on shoes
calceāre, calceāvī, calceātum
exitus, -us
masc. 4th decl. noun
a departure, a going out; an exit, a way out; (figuratively) a death, a termination, a conclusion, a result
fere
adverb
nearly, almost, about; in general, generally; closely, quite; entirely, fully, just
forte
adv.
by chance, accidentally, as luck would have it; perhaps, per chance; as it happened/happens
hortor
I encourage, exhort, urge
Dep. verb - hortor, hortari, hortatus sum
egrediebatur domo
he was setting out from home
consilium vertit
he changed his plan
vito
I avoid, I evade; I shun
vito, vitare, vitavi, vitatum
moneo
I warn, I advise; I remind
moneo, monere, monui, monitum
saevio
I rage, I vent anger; I am furious; (of wind or waves) thrash about, move violently
saevio, saevire, saevii, saevitum
adipiscor
I arrive at, reach; overtake, catch up with
I get, obtain, acquire, get possession of, achieve
Dep. verb - adipiscor, adipisci, adeptus sum
simulatque
adv.
as soon as
arcesso
I summon, send for, call, invite, fetch I summon (to court), I accuse, inform against
arcessere, arcessivi, arcessitum
post
after
preposition (governs the accusative)
clam
adv. = clandestinely, secretly, privately, stealthily
preposition (governs the acc or rarely abl.) = without the knowledge of, unknown to
optime
adv.
very well, excellently
coepi
I began
coepisse (perfect infintive), coeptum
(N.B use incipio for present tense)
incipio
I begin, I commence
incipere, incepi, inceptum
paulatim
adv.
gradually, little by little, bit by bit
vox (gen. vocis)
f. 3rd decl. noun
voice
accent, speech, remark, expression, (turn of) phrase
adhuc
adv.
so far, thus far, hitherto, still
again; furthermore; moreover; besides (used in scholastic debates to introduce an additional point in one’s argument)
even as, while still
eius
gen. singular of is, ea, id
NB. eius same across all 3 genders
of him/of her/of it
debilis, -is, -e
3rd decl. (2 termination) adjective
weak, frail, feeble
lame, disabled, crippled, infirm
comparative: debilior
ne quidem
not even
adverbial phrase
e.g. ne jupiter quidem omnibus placet
ob
on account of
preposition (governs the accusative)
pulcherrimus, -a, -um
most beautiful; very beautiful
superlative of pulcher
iuvenum
3rd decl. gen. plural. masc. (can sometimes be fem.)
of the young men
enitor
I give birth; I bear; I strive, struggle
dep. verb - enitor, eniti, enixus sum
motus, -us
4th decl. masc. noun
a movement, a motion
(by extension) an advance, progress
(figuratively) an operation, impulse, passion; disturbance; sensation; emotion
(figuratively) a political movement, commotion, revolt, rebellion
theatrum, -i
2nd decl. neuter noun
theatre
sperno
I sever, separate, remove
I despise, reject, scorn, spurn
spernere, sprevi, spretum
maritus, -i
2nd decl. masc. noun
husband, married man
(poetic) lover
(of animals) male
uxor, -is
fem. 3rd decl. noun
wife, spouse; consort
cuius
gen. sing. of quis
all genders
repudio
I cast off, reject, repudiate; (in marriage) divorce
repudiō, repudiāre, repudiāvī, repudiātum
stuprum, -i
2nd decl. neuter noun
dishonor, disgrace, shame, defilement, violation; debauchery, lewdness, adulterous affair
usque
adv.
all the way
until, up to (sometimes with “ad”)
vis, gen. vis
f. 3rd decl. irregular noun
force, power, strength, vigor, faculty
(in plural) strength, might (physical)
impar, -is
3rd decl. (one termination) adjective
unequal, uneven; inferior; odd (numerically
impariter
adv.
unequally, unevenly
comitor
I accompany, attend, follow; guard, escort; join someone as an attendant; serve.
I attend someone to the grave, attend a funeral.
dep. verb - comitor, comitari, comitatus sum
carmen, gen. carminis
3rd decl. neuter noun
song, tune, poem, poetry, verse, incantation, spell, playing (of music), prayer (in verse)
quidam, quaedam, quoddam
m. f. n. (declines just like qui, quae, quo)
pronoun
a certain one, a certain thing, someone, something
adjective
a certain (person or thing), some (person of thing), one (as in a specific person or thing)
vesperi
in the evening
voluptas, gen. voluptatis
f. 3rd decl. noun
pleasure, enjoyment, satisfaction; (pl) entertainments, sports
interdum
Adv.
sometimes, occasionally, from time to time
horreum, gen. horrei
2nd decl. neuter noun
barn, granary, store, storehouse
avide
Adv.
greedily, hungrily; eagerly
demo
I take away, remove, subtract
demo, demere, dempsi, demptum
illuc
adv.
thither, to that place, to there
fore
future active infinitive of esse
to be going to be
credo fore ut ea laudetur
I believe she will be praised.
(literally, “I believe it to be going to be that she is praised.”)
Note the use of ‘fore ut’
foris, foris
fem. 3rd decl. noun
door, gate, opening, entrance
Nom foris forēs Acc forem forēs, forīs Gen foris forium Dat forī foribus Abl fore foribus
adv.
outdoors, outside
foris cenare - to dine outside
raptus, rapta, raptum
1st/2nd decl. participle
snatched, having been snatched; grabbed, having been grabbed; carried off, having been carried off
foras ire
to go outside
NB foras is an adverb (not comparable) meaning outside, outdoors.
foras generally used for direction (to go outside), foris generally used for location (to do something outside)
cinis, -eris
m. (or f.) 3 rd decl. noun
ash (when cold)
figuratively: ruins of a burned city
raptim
adv.
hastily, suddenly, speedily, hurriedly
ager, agri
m. 2nd decl. noun
field, farm
land, estate, park
territory, soil, terrain
country, countryside
similis, similis, simile
adj.
similar
Takes a dative object: similar to + dat, like + dat, resembling + dat
vitium (g. vitii or viti)
2nd decl. neuter noun
- flaw, defect, blemish, error, fault
- vice
- crime
legatus, legati
2nd decl. masc noun
envoy, ambassador
deputy
commander
Participle
legatus, legata, legatum
sent, dispatched, having been sent
exercitus, exercitus
4th decl. masc noun
Note it looks same in nom. and gen.
army, disciplined body of men, troop
quotiens
adv.
how often?
as often as
whenever
nusquam
nowhere
ideo
for this reason
therefore
thus
ideo… quod
for the reason that i.e. because
adulor, adulari, adulatus sum
dep. verb
flatter, fawn upon, court
nimium
too much
relinquo
I abandon, forsake, relqinquish, leave
relinquo, relinquere, reliqui, relictum
obsideo
I besiege, beset; I haunt, inhabit, frequent; I abide, occupy
obsideo, obsidere, obsedi, obsessum
circumsedeo
I surround, encompass; I beseige, beset, blockade
circumsedeo, circumsedere, circumsedi, circumsessum
quindecim
15
numeral, indeclinable
permitto
I let go, let loose; cast, hurl, throw; send away, export
(figuratively) I give up, leave, entrust, surrender
(figuratively, with dative) I give leave, allow, suffer, grant permit, let
permitto, permittere, permisi, permissum
mollis, mollis, molle
adj. (3rd decl. two termination)
soft, delicate, pliant, tender, mild, weak
mollior, mollisimus
adv. molliter
ingenium, ingenii
2nd decl. n
innate or natural quality, natural character; nature
disposition, temper, inclination
intelligence, natural capacity
talent, ability
manus, manus
4th decl. f
hand
group, company, host/band (of people, often soldiers)
side, part, faction
(figuratively) bravery, valor, fighting
Nominative manus manūs Accusative manum manūs Genitive manūs manuum Dative manuī manibus Ablative manū manibus Vocative manus manūs
vereor
I have respect for, revere,
I am afraid, fear; dread.
Synonyms: timeō, metuō
dep. verb: vereor, vereri, veritus sum
veritus, verita, veritum
respected, revered
feared, dreaded
adjective 1st/2nd decl.
quicquid
whatever
alternative spelling of quidquid
polliceor
I promise, guarantee.
I bid, offer.
dep. verb: polliceor, polliceri, pollicitus sum
ius sententiae dicendae
the right to speak in the senate (formal phrase used to describe this right)
the right to pass judgement/vote
agendus, agendae, agendum
which is to be done or made
which is to be driven
Future passive participle (gerundive) of agō (“I do, act, make”)
duae res vobis agendae sunt
There are two things needing to be done by you.
You need to do two things.
N.B. ‘res’ is same in both plural and singular as it is a 5th decl. noun (fem., gen. rei)
simul
adv. (not comparable)
at the same time, simultaneously
as soon as
tollo
I raise, lift up, elevate
I remove, take away
I destroy, abolish
tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatum
ducam
I will lead
ducet = he will lead
future active indicative of duco - I lead - 3rd Conjugation
supplicium, supplicii
2nd decl. neut. noun
kneeling, supplication
punishment, death-penalty
suffering
torture
dignus, digna, dignum
1st/2nd decl. adj
appropriate, fitting, worthy, meet
Vere dignum et justum est…
It is truly right and just…
(with ablative) worthy of
omnes dixerunt eum supplicio dignum esse
Everyone said that he was worthy of punishment
memini
I remember
I am mindful of
3rd conj.
Note: Perfect forms with present meaning, no supine stem
inf. meminisse
memini meminis meminit meminimus meministi meminerunt
maxime
adv
chiefly, especially, mainly, particularly
most, mostly
certainly
very much
comparative maximius, superlative maximissimē
ver, veris
3rd decl. neuter noun
spring (season)
aestas, aestatis
3rd decl. fem noun
summer
autumnus, -i
2nd decl. masc noun
autumn
hiems, hiemis
3rd decl. fem noun
winter
synonym = hibernum, -i
hibernum, -i
2nd decl. neuter noun
winter
(pl) winter quarters
Adj. hibernus, hiberna, hibernum
wintry, of or pertaining to winter
(of places, esp. military camps) suitable for getting through the winter
siccitas, -atis
3rd decl. fem noun
drought, dryness
me dedo
surrender
me dedo, me dedere, me dedidi, me deditus
orior
dep. verb
I rise; I spring, I descend
orior, oriri, ortus sum
munio
I fortify, secure, strengthen
I build (of roads)
(fig.) I protect
munio, munire, munii, munitus sum
vito
I avoid, evade, shun
vito, vitare, vitavi, vitatus sum
iueves caedem vitaverunt
The young men evaded slaughter
caedes, -is
3rd decl. fem noun
the act of cutting something off
(by extension) murder, assisination, slaughter, massacre, carnage
(metonymically) the murdered, the slain, the bloodshed, the gore
pello
I push, knock I drive off, rout, expel (of the lyre) I play (of the mind) I touch, affect (of feeling) I banish
pello, pellere, pepuli, pulsus sum
contendo
contendo, contendere, contendi, contentus sum
I hurry
I stretch, draw tight, make taut, strain.
I place together in comparison, compare, contrast.
(music) I tune (by stretching the strings).
(of weapons) I shoot, hurl, dart, throw.
(of places) I extend, reach, stretch.
(with infinitive) I exert myself vigorously to do something, apply myself with zeal to, go to.
(in auctions) I vie with in bidding, bid against.
(with accusative or infinitive) I assert, affirm earnestly, maintain or contend energetically.
(intransitive) I dispute, fight, contend against, compete, vie with.
(intransitive, often with ab) I demand, ask, solicit, entreat, beg earnestly, seek to gain.
(intransitive, figuratively) I exert, pursue or strive for eagerly, strain eagerly, stretch.
(intransitive, figuratively) I seek to arrive at, march, journey hastily to, hasten, press forward, go, advance rapidly.
facinus, facinoris
3rd decl. neut noun
deed, action, doing
(by extension) adventure, venture, undertaking
(especially) crime, wickedness, evil deed
