Words from myths and sagas Flashcards
Ð ð
eth, transliterated as d. Voiced dental fricative. Generally used only in the middle of a word as ð.
Þ þ
Runic letter thorn, replaced with the digraph th except in Icelandic. Voiceless dental fricative. Generally used only at the beginning of words or compound words.
Elder Futhark
Also called Elder Fuþark, Older Futhark, Old Futhark or Germanic Futhark, the oldest form of the runic alphabets used by Germanic tribes for Northwest Germanic dialects and found on artifacts from the 2nd to the 8th centuries. Scandinavians simplified it to Younger Futhark in the late 8th century, and the Anglo-Saxons and Frisians extended the Futhark, which eventually became the Anglo-Saxon futhorc which were used during the Early and the High Middle Ages respectively. Knowledge of how to read the Elder Futhark was lost until 1865, when it was deciphered by Norwegian scholar Sophus Bugge.
Æ æ
Grapheme called æsc or ash, originally ligature of a and e, representing the Latin diphthong ae, it was promoted to full letter status in the alphabets of Danish, Norwegian, Icelandic, and Faroese.
Austur
East
Haus
Skull
Haust
Autumn
Faðir
Father
Hrafn
Raven (‘f’ pronounced like ‘p’)
Já
Yes
Nei
No
Ekki
Not, negative (aspiration before ‘kk’).
Drekka
To drink (aspiration before ‘kk’)
Vatn
Water (aspiraton before ‘tn’)
Söngur
Song (‘ö’ pronounced like ‘au’)
