Word wall

Question 1

Blade

Answer 1

Leaf-like region, flat to increase surface area to capture sunlight, fern/algae

Question 2

Sori / sorus

Answer 2

Makes and stores spores, ferns, dots on fern fronds, cluster of spore-producing receptacles on the underside of a fern frond

Question 3

Stipe

Answer 3

Stem-like portion of kelp/algae/fern

Question 4

Meiosis

Answer 4

Nuclear division process, creates four haploid cells (one set of chromosomes each), genetic diversity

Question 5

Conjugation tube

Answer 5

Connection between filaments/individuals, during conjugation, transfers genetic information/gametes

Question 6

Roots/stem/leaves

Answer 6

???

Question 7

air bladder

Answer 7

Pocket of air causes leaf-like portion to float near the surface – helps collect sunlight for photosynthesis

Question 8

Megaspore

Answer 8

Develops into megagametophyte, embryo sac in seed plants (contains egg)

Question 9

Gamete

Answer 9

Reproductive cell / sex cell (sperm or egg), haploid

Question 10

Cuticle

Answer 10

Prevents water loss, wax material, topside of fern fronds

Question 11

Protonema

Answer 11

Young plant, earliest stage of development of moss gametophytes, haploid

Question 12

Holdfast

Answer 12

Root-like, anchor itself to rocks

Question 13

Archegonium

Answer 13

Female sex organ, haploid, gametophyte, ferns and mosses

Question 14

Stoma / stomata

Answer 14

Opening that regulates gas exchange and water regulation between leaves and the environment, holes in cuticles, so can “breathe”

Question 15

Xylem

Answer 15

Vascular tissue in plants, conducts water/minerals upward from roots, forms woody element in the stem

Question 16

Rhizoid

Answer 16

Root hair, anchor plant and conduct water, filamentous outgrowth, “roots” of moss gametophyte

Question 17

Filamentous/colonial/unicellular/multicellular

Answer 17

Four forms of green algae

Question 18

Seta

Answer 18

Stem of moss sporophyte, diploid

Question 19

Homogamete / isogamete

Answer 19

Gametes that look/behave identically

Question 20

Calyptra

Answer 20

Capsule, releases spores for a moss plant, sporophyte, diploid

Question 21

Phloem

Answer 21

One part of vascular system, transports food/nutrients/glucose/carbs (to roots from leaves?)

Question 22

Germination

Answer 22

To grow

Question 23

Zoospores

Answer 23

Spore of certain algae/fungi/protozoans, flagella, motile, cells, haploid, asexual spore

Question 24

Pyrenoids

Answer 24

In chloroplasts of algae and hornworts/Chlamydomonas, makes and stores starch

Question 25

Gametangia

Answer 25

Haploid, makes gametes, ends of ulva gametophytes

Question 26

Laminarin

Answer 26

Storage glucan found in brown algae, created by photosynthesis

Question 27

Phycobilin

Answer 27

Group of red or blue photosynthetic pigments in some algae

Question 28

Frond

Answer 28

Blade and stipe region, diploid, sporophytes, fern/algae

Question 29

Antheridium

Answer 29

Male sex organ, haploid, gametophyte

Question 30

Annulus

Answer 30

Protective barrier/support for sporangia

Question 31

Flagella

Answer 31

A few, long strands on cells/organisms, for moving and collecting nutrients

Question 32

Zygospores

Answer 32

Thick-walled, resting cell, certain fungi/algae, from the fusion of two similar gametes, diploid

Question 33

Rhizome

Answer 33

Continuous growing, horizontal underground stem, puts out lateral shoots and roots, “roots” of ferns

Question 34

Syngamy

Answer 34

Fusion of gametes to create a zygospore, aka fertilization

Question 35

Microspore

Answer 35

Develops into microgametophyte, pollen grain in seed plants

Question 36

Heterogamete

Answer 36

Gametes that look/behave differently

Question 37

Cilia

Answer 37

Short, hair-like, lots, used by cells/organisms for moving and collecting nutrients

Question 38

alternation of generations

Answer 38

Type of life cycle where the diploid(sporophyte) and haploid(gametophyte) stages alternate

Question 39

Microgametophyte

Answer 39

Male gametophyte (seed plants only?)

Question 40

Haploid

Answer 40

One set of chromosomes, 1n/n

Question 41

Mitosis

Answer 41

Period of the cell cycle which duplicated chromosomes separate into identical nuclei, daughter cells are diploid / two sets of chromosomes, identical

Question 42

Ovule

Answer 42

Inside ovaries inside pistil, flowering plants, eggs, forms seeds, sperm fertilize

Question 43

Sporangia / sporangium

Answer 43

Makes spores, ends of ulva sporophytes or lollipop shaped in fern sori, diploid

Question 44

Megagametophyte

Answer 44

Female gametophyte (seed plants only?)

Question 45

Sporophyte

Answer 45

Multicellular, diploid, life-cycle stage that produces spores

Question 46

Stalk

Answer 46

Stalk of sporangia

Question 47

Prothallium

Answer 47

Heart shaped gametophyte of ferns, haploid, produces male and female gametes, eggs ready later than sperm (cross fertilization) to avoid self-fertilization

Question 48

Fucoxanthin

Answer 48

Brown carotenoid pigment, in brown algae

Question 49

Gametophyte

Answer 49

Multicellular, haploid, life-cycle stage that produces gametes

Question 50

Diploid

Answer 50

Two sets of chromosomes, 2n

Question 51

Diffusion

Answer 51

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to that of lower concentration