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Biology 2400 > Word Root Practical > Flashcards

Word Root Practical Flashcards

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1
Q

a- , an-

A

absence, lack

Ex:
abiotic, in the absence of life;

anaerobic, in the absence of oxygen

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2
Q

-able

A

Able to, capable of

Ex:
Viable, having the ability to live or exist

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3
Q

actino-

A

Ray

Ex:
Actinomycetes, Bacteria that form star- shaped (with rays) colonies

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4
Q

aer-

A

Air

Ex:
Aerate, to add air

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5
Q

albo-

A

White

Ex:
Streptomyces albus produces white colonies

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6
Q

amphi-

A

Around

Ex:
Amphitrichous, tufts of flagella at both ends of a cell

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7
Q

amyl-

A

Starch

Ex:
Amylase, an enzyme that degrades starch

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8
Q

ana-

A

Up

Ex:
Anabolism, building up

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9
Q

ant- , anti-

A

Opposed tom preventing

Ex:
Antimicrobial, a substance that prevents microbial growth

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10
Q

Archae-

A

Ancient

Ex:
Archaebacteria, “ancient” bacteria thought to be like the first form of life

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11
Q

aur-

A

Gold

Ex:
Staphylococcus aureus, gold pigmented colonies

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12
Q

aut- , auto-

A

Self

Ex:
Autotroph, self-feeder

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13
Q

bacillo-

A

A little stick, rod

Ex:
Bacillus, rod-shaped

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14
Q

basid-

A

Base

Ex:
Basidium, a cell that bears spores

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15
Q

bio-

A

Life

Ex:
Biology, the study of living things

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16
Q

blast-

A

Bud

Ex:
Blastospore, spores formed by budding

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17
Q

bovi-

A

Cattle

Ex:
Myicobacterium bovis, a bacterium found in cattle

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18
Q

brevi-

A

Short

Ex:
Lactobacillus brevis, a bacterium with short cells

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19
Q

campylo-

A

Curved

Ex:
Campylobacter, curved rod

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20
Q

carcin-

A

Cancer

Ex:
Carcinogen, a cancer causing agent

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21
Q

caseo-

A

Cheese

Ex:
Caseous, cheeselike

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22
Q

cerato-

A

Horn

Ex:
Keratin, the horny substance making up skin and nails

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23
Q

chlamydo-

A

Covering

Ex:
Chlamydocondria, condidia formed inside hyphae

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24
Q

chloro-

A

Green

Ex:
Chlorophyll, green-pigmented molecule

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25
Q

chrom-

A

Color

Ex:
chromosome, readily stained molecule; metachromatic, intracellular colored granules

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26
Q

chryso-

A

Golden

Ex:
Streptomyces chryseus, bacteria with golden colonies

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27
Q

-cide

A

Killing

Ex:
bactericide, an agent that kills bacteria

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28
Q

cili-

A

Eyelash

Ex:
Cilia, a hairlike organelle

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29
Q

co- , con-

A

Together

Ex:
Concentric, having a common center, together in the center

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30
Q

cocci-

A

A berry/spherical

Ex:
Coccus, a spherical cell

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31
Q

col- , colo-

A

Colon

Ex:
Escherichia coli, a bacterium found in the large intestine

32
Q

conidio-

A

Dust

Ex:
Conidia, spores developed at the end of aerial hypha, never enclosed

33
Q

-cul

A

Small form

Ex:
Particle, a small part

34
Q

-cut or cut-

A

The skin

Ex:
Firmicutes, bacteria with a firm cell wall, gram positive

35
Q

cyano-

A

Blue

Ex:
Cyanobacteria, blue-green pigmented organisms

36
Q

cyst-

A

Bladder

Ex:
Cystitis, inflammation of the urinary bladder

37
Q

cyt-

A

Cell

Ex:
Cytology, the study of cells

38
Q

de-

A

Undoing, reversal, loss, removal

Ex:
Deactivation, becoming inactive

39
Q

di- , diplo-

A

Twice, double

Ex:
Diplococci, pairs of spherical bacteria

40
Q

dia-

A

Through, between

Ex:
Diaphragm, the wall through or between two areas

41
Q

dys-

A

Difficulty, faulty, painful

Ex:
Dysfunction, disturbed function

42
Q

ec- , ex- , ecto-

A

Out, outside, away from

Ex:
Excrete, to remove materials from the body

43
Q

en- , em-

A

In, inside

Ex:
Encysted, enclosed in a cyst

44
Q

entero-

A

Intestine

Ex:
Enterobacter, A bacterium found in the intestine

45
Q

eo-

A

Dawn, early

Ex:
Eobacterium, a 3.4 billion-year-old fossilized bacterium

46
Q

epi-

A

Upon, over

Ex:
Epidemic, Number of cases of a disease over the normally expected number

47
Q

erythro-

A

Red

Ex: Erythema, redness of the skin.

48
Q

eu-

A

Well, proper, new

Ex: Eukaryote, a cell with a proper “kernel”/nucleus

49
Q

Exo-

A

Outside, outer layer.

Ex: exogenous, from outside the body

50
Q

extra-

A

Outside, beyond

Ex: extracellular, outside the cells of an organism

51
Q

firmi-

A

Strong

Ex: Bacillus firmus, forms resistant endospores

52
Q

flagell

A

A whip

Ex: Flagellum, a projection from a cell; in eukaryotes it pulls cells in a whiplike fashion

53
Q

flav-

A

Yellow

Ex: Flavobacterium cells produce yellow pigment

54
Q

fruct-

A

Fruit

Ex: fructose, fruit sugar

55
Q

-fy

A

To make

Ex: magnify, to make larger

56
Q

gamet-

A

To marry

Ex: Gamete, reproductive cells

57
Q

gastr-

A

Stomach

Ex: Gastritis, inflammation of the stomach

58
Q

gel-

A

To stiffen

Ex: Gel, a solidified colloid

59
Q

-gen

A

An agent that initiates

Ex: pathogen, any agent that produces disease

60
Q

-genesis

A

Formation

Ex: Pathogenesis, production of disease

61
Q

germ, germin

A

Bud

Ex: germ, part of an organism capable of developing

62
Q

-gony

A

Reproduction

Ex: Schizogony, multiple fission producing many new cells

63
Q

gracili-

A

Thin

Ex: Aquaspirillum gracile, a thin cell

64
Q

halo-

A

Salt

Ex: halophile, an organism that can live in high salt concentrations

65
Q

haplo-

A

One, single

Ex: Haploid, half the number of chromosomes

66
Q

hema- , hemato- , hemo-

A

Blood

Ex: Haemophilius, a bacterium that requires nutrients from blood cells

67
Q

hepat-

A

Liver

Ex: Hepatitis, inflammation of the liver

68
Q

herpes

A

Creeping

Ex: Herpes, lesions appear to creep along the skin

69
Q

hetero-

A

Different, other

Ex: Heterotroph, obtains organic nutrients from other organisms; other feeder

70
Q

hist-

A

Tissue

Ex: Histology, the study of tissues

71
Q

hom- , homo-

A

Same

Ex: Homofermenter, an organism that produces on one type of acid from carbohydrate fermentation

72
Q

hydr- , hydro-

A

Water

Ex: Dehydration, loss of body water

73
Q

hyper-

A

Excess

Ex: Hypertonic, having a greater osmotic pressure in comparison with another.

74
Q

hypo-

A

Below, deficient

Ex: Hypotonic, having a lesser osmotic pressure in comparison with another

75
Q

im-

A

Not, in

Ex: Impermeable, not permitting passage.

76
Q

inter-

A

Between

Ex: Intercellular, between cells

Biology 2400 (1 decks)

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