Word Classes Flashcards
English Language Revision of Word Classes
What is a concrete noun?
A concrete noun is something that has physical properties and you can touch it For example, dog or table
Which word can you usually put in front of a noun?
You can usually put ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’ in front a noun. A and an - indefinite article. The - definite article
What is an abstract noun?
Abstract nouns can’t be measured and don’t have physical properties. E.g - truth, beauty, justice
Give a term for the following word class. “The”
Definite article
Give the two indefinite articles.
A and An
You can put ____ in front of an adjective to make it comparative
more
You can affix __ to the end of an adjective to make it comparative
er
You can put ____ in front of an adjective to make it superlative
most
You can put ___ at the end of an adjective to make it superlative
est
Participle adjectives end in?
ing
Main verbs can be inflected in 5 different ways. Give the term for the inflection. The first one is infinitive. What are the other 4?
Present participle, 3rd person singular present tense, past tense, past participle.
Adverbs can describe 3 things. What are they?
Verbs, adjectives and other adverbs
Adverbs tell you about 4 things. What are they?
Time, place, manner, degree.
What is the 1st person singular possessive pronoun?
Mine
What is the 1st person plural possessive pronoun?
Ours
What is the 3rd person plural possessive pronoun?
Theirs
What is the 2nd person singular possessive pronoun?
Yours
What is the 1st person singular possessive determiner?
my
What are the 3rd person singular possessive determiners?
His, hers and its.
What are the 4 demonstrative pronouns?
This, that, these, those.
What are the 4 demonstrative determiners?
This, that, these, those.
Proposition show the relationship between things in ____ or _____
Time or space
Some prepositions are made up of more than one word. What are they called?
Phrasal prepositions
The subject of the clause is whatever is _____ or _____ the action
Doing or being
List all of the inflections of the verb “be”. There are 8.
Am, Are, Is, Was, Were, Be, Being, Been
There are two types of conjunctions. What are these conjunctions called?
Co-ordinating conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions.
What is an adjective
An adjective describes nouns and pronouns
What is a proper noun?
A noun which refers to specific individuals, or a thing of which there is only one. e.g. London.
What is a collective noun?
A word used for groups
Can collective nouns be singular?
Yes, as in ‘the gang is angry’ or the plural: ‘the gang are angry’
What may collective nouns suggest?
Unity, or a sense of great scale or range.
What are the two types of adjectives?
Pre-modifying (before the noun)Complement (after the copular verb e.g. the car is big.)
What are the two types of main verbs?
Stative copular e.g. be, become. Dynamic verbs e.g. run, think
What two things do verbs tell you?
The action being done or about something’s existence
What do modal auxiliaries do?
They ‘help’ the main verb by conveying certainty about the ability, intention or obligation of the verb.
What are the 9 modal auxiliaries?
Can, could, shall, should, will, would, might, must, may.
What do personal subject pronouns do?
They perform the action in a sentence.
Name the 8 possible subject pronouns.
I/we, You/You, Him/Her, It/Them.
What do personal object pronouns do in a sentence?
They are acted upon.
Name the 8 personal object pronouns
Me/us, You/You, Him/Her, It/Them.
What are the 8 reflexive pronouns?
myself, oursleves, yourself, yourselves, himself/herself/itself, themselves.
What can main auxiliary verbs do?
They can act as either the main verb, or act as an auxiliary and ‘help’ the main verb.
What are the three main auxiliary verbs?
Have, be, do
What is a phrase?
Phrases are multiple words that act to do the job of one word class.
Turn the following verb into a participle verb: “run”
running
Turn the following verb into an infinitive verb: “run”
to run
Turn the following verb into a past tense verb: “punch”
punched
Turn the following verb into a past participle verb: “run”
have/had ran
Turn the following verb into a 3rd person singular present tense verb: “cry”
cries
Identify the adjective in the following sentence and label the type of adjective it is. “Robert bought a tall house”
tall - premodifying adjective
Identify the adjective in the following sentence and label the type of adjective it is. “The film was great”
great - complement adjective
Identify the adjective in the following sentence and label the type of adjective it is. “The jumping man fell over”
jumping - participle adjective
What do we call adjectives that don’t have a comparative form?
non-gradable adjectives
Identify the non-gradable adjective in the following sentence? “The man is dead”
dead is the non-gradable adjective
What term do we use to describe speech habits that are specific to an individual?
Idiolect
Some adjectives have a superlative form. Turn the following adjective into a superlative adjective: crazy
craziest
What do adjectives describe?
nouns and pronouns
Some adjectives have a comparative form. Turn the following adjective into a comparative adjective: tall
taller
Some adjectives don’t have a comparative form such as “dead” or pregnant”. What do we call these adjectives?
non-gradable adjectives
Some adjectives look like a verb, For example “the running man”. What do we call these types of adjectives?
participle adjectives
Identify the adjective in the following sentence and label the type of adjective it is: Donald kicked the large ball”
large - premodifying adjective
What the name of the term we use for an adjective that comes before the noun its describing.
premodifying
What the name of the term we use for an adjective that comes after the noun its describing.
complement adjective
shall is an example of which type of verb?
modal auxiliary verb
Turn the following verb into a present participle verb. “run”
running
What do we call the type of verb that we put “have/had” before it?
past participle verb
Turn the following verb into an infinitive verb. “jump”
to jump
What are the three main auxiliary verbs.
‘Have’, ‘be’ and ‘do’
Negate the following modal auxiliary verb. “should”
should not
Negate the following main auxiliary verb: “is”
Is not
shall is an example of which type of verb?
modal auxiliary verb
Identify the collective noun in the following sentence. “I saw a herd of elephants”
herd
Adverbs describe 3 things. What are they?
Verbs, adjective and adverbs
Identify the adverb in the following sentence: “he reacted quickly”
Quickly
How do we know that ‘fairly’ is an adverb in the following sentence: “he is fairly clever”
Because adverbs describe only verbs, adjectives and adverbs. In this case clever is an adjective so ‘fairly’ has to be an adverb.
Adverbs can be put into 4 categories. What are they?
Time, place, manner, degree.
Identify the adverb in the following sentence and label the type of adverb it is: “She arrived early”
Early - time adverb
Identify the adverb in the following sentence and label the type of adverb it is: “He went away”
Away - place adverb
What is a preposition?
Prepositions are small words that tell us about the relationship between things in time and space or place
What is a phrasal preposition?
A phrasal preposition is contains more than one word and usually consists of more than one preposition
What do prepositional phrases consist of?
A preposition and a noun or noun phrase
Identify the prepositional phrase in the following sentence: “Tia was over the moon”
Over the moon
