Word Assosciations Flashcards
New England town meetings, mayflower compact, Virginia house of burgesses
Self rule, representative democracy
Declaration of Independence
Enlightened, John lock, natural righted, consent of the governed , no taxation without representation -leads to revolutionary war
Articles of confederations
Weak national government, protect states rights, feared strong national government , admitted new states into the union
Constitutional convention
Representation, three fifths compromise, revise article of confederation
Anti-federalist
Bill of rights , states rights
Federalist
Ratification of the U.S. Constitution, Washington , Hamilton , Madison
Alexander Hamilton
National bank, pay off national debt, loose interpretation of constitution
Federalism
Balance of national and state government
Electoral college
Popular vote does not determine presidency, each states have “points” based on population of their states, majority of these points wins presidency, the “winner-take all” method can distort the relationship between the popular vote and the electoral vote
Checks and balances
Supreme Court, congress, executive , three branches of government, separation of powers
Marbury v. Madison
Judicial review
Marshall court
Increase the power of the federal government
McCulloch v Maryland
Gibbons v. Ogden
Supremacy of the federal government
Washington
Precedents, cabinet of advisors, unwritten constitution, political parties, strengthen the federal government , farewell address , neutrality , U.S. Needed time to gain economic and military strength
John Adams
Alien and sedition act , XYZ affair
Thomas Jefferson
Louisiana purchase, elastic clause, violate/contradict belief of strict interpretation of the constitution
Mississippi
Trade, New Orleans, westward expansion, Louisiana purchase, access to Gulf of Mexico , trade for farmers
Manifest destiny
Westward expansion, expand to the Pacific Ocean, Mexican war , annexation of Texas homestead act
Monroe doctrine
Western Hemisphere, prevent colonization by the Europeans in Caribbean/ Latin America, avoid political conflicts with Europeans
Andrew Jackson
Spoils system ( rewarding jobs ), expand presidential powers, end property requirements , Indian removal act
Trail of tears
Injustice of native Americans , Worcester v Georgia
Homestead act
West, Great Plains , provide free land to settlers , people pay off land
Abolitionist
Against slavery, William Lloyd garrison’s publication of the liberator , Underground Railroad , Harriet Beecher stowe’s uncle toms cabin
Sectionalism
Economic conditions and interests varied in regions ( north-industrialization v south-plantations)
Missouri compromise
The balance between free and Slavs states was maintained, tried to solve issue on extension of slavery into western territories
Fugitive slave act
Runaway slaves ,Canada corpus, emancipation proclamation ( frees slaves )
Mercantilism
Raw materials (colonies), manufactured goods/finished products ( mother country), restrictions on trade
Andrew Johnson
Allow the southern states to reenter the nation as quickly as possible , a power struggle with congress over reconstruction , impeachment
13th 14th 15th amendments
Increased individual rights for African Americans, radical ( congressional ) reconstruction legal and political rights to African Americans
Sharecropping
Former slaves earned a living, economically dependent
Black codes
Deny equal rights to African Americans
Poll tax, grandfather clause, literacy test
Limits voting rights of African Americans
Jim Crow laws
Segregation of public facilities, limit effects of radical reconstruction, state and local governments to restrict the freedoms
Plessy v ferguson (1896)
Racial segregation “separate but equal” base on race, separate public facilities where constitutional( allowed) , failed to protect rights of minorities
Booker t Washington
African Americans should achieve equality by expanding their opportunities for vocational education , difference than that of WEB Dubois on how racial equality should be achieved
W.E.B Dubois
African Americans should demand immediate participation in American society, formal education(science and literature ), difference than that of booker t. Washington on how racial equality should be achieved
Dawes act (1887)
Native Americans to give up their culture, assimilation of native Americans
Homestead act
Great Plains , settle west , decline the plains Indians
Industrialization
Urbanization (cities) , increased immigration , growth of the middle class , job opportunities, expansion of the railroads, gospel of wealth, social Darwinism ( justified big business and the rich)
Monopolies/trust
Limit competition , big business , further gap between rich and poor
Yellow journalism
Start of Spanish American war, exaggerate events
Laissez fair
Government should not intervene (get involved ) in business
Progressives
Reform, social and economic changes, limit power of big business, government regulation ( control) in business , prohibition , suffrage , income tax, direct election of senators , Theodore Roosevelt
Women’s suffrage / voting rights
Susan b Anthony , Elizabeth cast Stanton , seneca falls convention, WWI working in war industries ( factories) 19th amendments
Theodore Roosevelt
Good and bad trusts, trustbuster limit power of monopolies, imperialism , big stick policy , international police , Western Hemisphere , Latin America, Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe doctrine , Panama canal, square deal , food and drug administration , meat inspection act
Anti-trust ( against big business) and business regulation (control )
Encourage/ increases competition, Sherman anti-trust act , Clayton anti-trust act , US V Standard oil ( breaks up Rockefeller’s oil monopoly) trust busting, protect small business Ed and farmers
Labor unions
Collectively bargain, higher wages (pay), improved hours, American federation of labor (skilled workers) , knights of labor, haymarket riots , homestead strike , Pullman strike (government is anti-unions)
Big business leaders
John D. Rockefeller ( standard oil, railroad), Andrew Carnegie ( carnegie steel), JP Morgan , Cornelius Vanderbilt , robber barons ( ruthless business tactics against competitors ) captains of industry , philanthropic activities ( did good things for society – Rockefeller foundation , Carnegie hall, j.p Morgan library )
Muckrakers
Make America aware of problems in society, expose the evils in American society, expose the abuse of the government and industry
Poor urban slums: Jacob Riis ( how the other half lives, Jane Addams (hull house) meat packing industry: upton Sinclair ( the jungle)
Political corruption: Lincoln Steffens (the shame of cities ) standard oil: Ida Tarbell ( history of standard oil company )
Populism and granger movement
Farmers, social and political problems
Entrance of ww1
Sinking of the Lusitania, submarine warfare, freedom of the seas, world safe for democracy , Zimmerman telegram, Russian revolution (1917)
Schenck v US
“Clear and present danger”, don’t shout fire in a crowded theater, civil liberties limited for national security , limits freedom of speech
FDR
New deal relief (CCC, WPA, PWA-give people jobs), recovery ( AAA, NIRA-regulate prices) reform (social security act, bank holiday , SEC - regulate stock market ), pump and prime, court packing (tries to add Supreme Court justice when they declare part of new deal unconstitutional ( butler v. U.S. And schechter poultry v us - congress says “no”) 12 years as president , greater involvement of federal government
WWII
Lend lease, cash and carry (US helps England), Pearl Harbor attacked by Japanese (1941) - congress declares war, D-day, atomic bomb ( Hiroshima and Nagasaki) -used to save American lives , women work in factories, Nuremberg trials ( crimes against humanity)
Korematsu v US
Internment camps for Japanese in U.S. , “clear and present danger” (JUST LIKE SHENICK CASE), national security is more important than Civil liberties
After WWII(1945): early Cold War
Potsdam conference sets up Cold War, superpowers ( US and USSR), containment ( stop communism from spreading- Truman doctrine and Marshall plan ( $ to Greece and turkey) , NATO (collective security), domino theory , Korean War ( congress did not officially declare war , outcome - Korean stays divided at 38th parallel) ,Berlin blockade, Berlin airlift
JFK Cold War
Bay of pigs invasion ( try to overthrow Fidel Castro), Cuban missile crisis, early involvement in Vietnam
Life during the 1950s
Baby boom, suburbs (automobile and interstate highway act) , social conformity, consumerism , technology, McCarthyism ( similar to Palmer raids-fear of communism in the U.S. And spies ), Cold War fear( bomb shelters , fear nuclear attack )
Civil rights movement ( late 1950s to 1960s)
Brown v board of ed ( 1954) - ( separate but equal is inequal, overturns plessy v ferguson case) , rosa parks ( Montgomery bus boycott) Martin Luther king ( Civil disobedience) , greensborough sit-ins, freedom riders, Selma march (voting rights), million man march , NAACP, Malcolm x, black panthers and black power
Achieved civil rights act 1964 (racial and gender equality) and voting rights act (1965)
Warren court
Rights of the accused, Miranda v Arizona, mapp v Ohio, Escobedo v Illinois, Gideon v wainwright
No religious in public schools -engel v vitale
New frontier (JFK)
Great society (LBJ)
Peace corps, space program ( fear of Sputnik satellite in Russia), tries to get economic and civil rights programs, but dies
War of poverty ( help poor people), Medicare and Medicaid, civil rights programs, similar to FDRs new deal program and teddy Roosevelts square deal, greater involvement of federal government
Vietnam war
Domino theory, congress did not officially declare war ( just like Korea war), Gulf of Tonkin resolution, LBJ Becomes an unpopular president, Vietnam war takes away money from great society, war protests ( Vietnam veterans against the war) , counter culture ( hippies), draft, Kent state massacre, tinker v Des Moines ( freedom of speech/arm bands allowed in school), guerrilla warfare, tet offensive, riots at the democratic national convention
Richard Nixon
Ends Vietnam war ( Vietnamization and Nixon doctrine - peace with honor), detente ( easing of tension–USSR ), SALT agreement, visits China to ease tensions (ping ping diplomacy), watergate scandal ( Nixon resigns) –president is not above the law ( U.S. V Nixon , Nixon v Ny times – limit executive power)
Jimmy carter
Camp David accords ( peace with Israel and Egypt) , OPEC crisis ( gas) , SLAT
Ronald Reagan
Domestic: reagonomics– trickle down ( tax cuts), supply side economics ( like Hoover give business money to stimulate economy)
Foreign: increase spending on military ( federal deficit) , puts pressure on Russia ( tension increase again ), Reagan doctrine ( support people who want to be free on communist countries ). ALL OF THIS LEADS TO FALL OF THE BERLIN WALL AND THE END OFNTHE COLD WAR !!!
George bush sr.
Persian gulf war( protects Kuwait and prevent Iraq from getting oil),third party costs him election, new world order
Bill Clinton
NAFTA ( free trade ), impeachment trial ( vote him not guilty ), adopts republican platforms ( welfare reform)
