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Clin Med Exam Tomolonis-Ophthalm. > Word Association / Dz and TX > Flashcards

Word Association / Dz and TX Flashcards

1
Q

Hx of Sinusitis,

A

DZ: Orbital Cellulitis-Staph/Strep/Mixed Flora
TX: IV broad spectrum (PCN or Clinda) Emergent referral

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2
Q

Seborrheic

A

DZ: Blepharitis, Staph
TX: Topical ABX, Bacitracin, Polymixin, Doxy, baby shampoo hygeine

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3
Q

Tender erythematous nodule, No DC

A

DZ: Stye (hordeolum), Staph in sebacceous gland
TX: topical abx (bacitracin, polymixin) I&D if abx fails

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4
Q

Non-tender erythematous nodule, grayish discoloration

A

DZ: Chalazion
TX: 1, warm compress; 2, synthetic steroid, 3. surgical tx

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5
Q

Lesions on eyelid, progressive-ulcers

A

DZ: HSV1 of eyelid
TX: Topical polysporin/triflurinide drops, referral to OD

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6
Q

Epiphoria

A

DZ: Nasolacrimal Duct obsrtuction
TX: Irrigation, probing of duct

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7
Q

Mucopurulent dc on expression of lacrimal duct.

A

DZ: Dacrocystitis
TX: ORal ABX-augmentin, I&D if necessary

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8
Q

Generalized lid swelling, no drainage, pain, epiphora

A

DZ: Dacroadenitis
TX: Idiopathic type-oral corticosteroids, Systemic-tx underlying inflammatory disorder, Bacterial-Augmentin

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9
Q

Outward turning lower lid

A

DZ: Ectropion
TX: Surgical Correction

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10
Q

Inward turning lower lid

A

DZ: Entropion
TX: Surgical Correction

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11
Q

Upper lid laxity

A

DZ: Ptosis - CN III (Horners), Palsy
TX: underlying problem CNIII, if congenital surgical rx

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12
Q

Yellow spots on eyelid

A

DZ: Xanthelasma-Idiopathic
TX: Surgical excision

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13
Q

Sclera seen above and below the iris

A

DZ: Exopthalmos/Proptosis
TX: Follow with Ophthalmology, tx underlying cause of Graves DZ, or Thyroid

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14
Q

Lid Lag

A

DZ: thyroid dz/Graves DZ/Hashimoto’s
TX: Tx underlying cause

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15
Q

Restricted eye movement

A

DZ: Ocular cranial nerve dysfunction
TX: Tx underlying Graves/thyroid/hashimotos

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16
Q

Pre-auricular adenopathy

A

DZ: Adenovirus (Viral conjunctivitis)
TX: Self limiting, cold compress, highly contagious

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17
Q

Mucopurulent drainage especially in AM.

A

DZ: Bacterial Conjunctivitis-Staph, Strep, H. flu, IF N. Gonnorrhea, or N. Meningetides suspect occular emergency!!!
TX: Broad spectrum abx ciloxan (fluoroquinolone), if Neseria cause suspected refer emergently to OD

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18
Q

Atopic

A

DZ: Allergic conjunctivitis-usually seasonal
TX: Antihistmines, removal of offending agent

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19
Q

Dry eye

A

DZ: Keratoconjunctivitis, assoc with RA, SLE, Sarcoidosis
TX: Underlying cause tx, also restasis, artificial tears

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20
Q

Chronic exposure to sun and wind, no corneal invovlement

A

DZ: Pinguecula
TX: No tx necessary

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21
Q

Diffuse redness in one or both eyes, episcleral vessels engorged

A

DZ: Episcleritis-idiopathic, assoc with collagen vascular dz
TX: Referral to OD, mostly self limiting, cool compress

22
Q

Relatively rare but MC primary eye tumor

A

DZ: Melanoma of the eye
TX: Referral to OD-tx controversial enucleation vs. radiation

23
Q

MC eye injury seen in practice

A

DZ: Corneal Abrasion,
TX: ABX drops only when due to contact lens, Anesthetic drops to do exam, No patching anymore

24
Q

Photophobia, pain, stromal scarring, epthelial dendrites

A

DZ: HSV 1 Hermpes simplex keratitis
TX: Urgent referral to OD, topical antiviral

25
Q

Rash following nerve lines on face (involving trigeminal nerve)

A

DZ: Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
TX: Oral acyclovir 7-10 days

26
Q

Coning of the cornea

A

DZ: Keratoconus-idiopathic
TX: OD referral, early stages gas permeable lenses, laser correction, keratoplasty

27
Q

Pain, redness, photophobia, dense corneal infiltrate

A

DZ: Corneal ulcer
TX: Emergent OD referraal

28
Q

Surfers eye-corneal involvemetn

A

DZ: Pterygium
TX: Lubricating drops, no tx necessary but surgery if required

29
Q

Slow progression of IOP >21, Optic nerve cupping >0.6

A

DZ: Open Glaucoma
Tx: Screening very important

30
Q

Rapid acute IOP > 60-80,

A

DZ: Closed angle Glaucoma
TX: Emergent OD referral,

31
Q

Pain, redness local to iris, photophobia, vision loss

A

DZ: Uveitis-anterior Idiopathic (can be assoc. with RA, IBD, Behcet’s)
TX: Urgent OD referral, Steroid gtts, oral steroids, mydratic gtts

32
Q

Blood in anterior chamber

A

DZ: Hyphema
TX: Urgent OD referral (abuse in children)

33
Q

Age related far-sightedness

A

DZ: Presbyopia
TX: Corrective lenses (OTC Available)

34
Q

Nearsightedness

A

DZ: Myopia-eyeball too big
TX: Corrective lenses

35
Q

Farsightedness

A

DZ: Hyperopia-eyeball too small
TX: Corrective lenses

36
Q

Lazy eye

A

DZ: Strabismus, Can progress into amblyopia
TX: Patching of good eye

37
Q

Clouding of lens, haloes around lights, poor night vision

A

DZ: Cataracts (generally due to aging)
TX: Surgery if vision is greatly affected otherwise monitoring

38
Q

Hypopyon, Pain, blurred decreased vision,

A

DZ: Posterior uveitis, assoc. Syphillus, IBD, TB, MS

Tx; Tx underlying condition, Urgent OD referral, Anti-inflammatory drugs

39
Q

Blurry impaired vision, Red eye, decreased VA

A

DZ: Choroiditis
TX: Tx underlying cause (syphillus TB) Non-infectious use steroids, referral to OD

40
Q

Leading cause of blindness in US in pt’s under 50 yo

A

DZ: Diabetic retinopathy
TX: tx underlying illness

41
Q

Angiogenic neovascularization, cotton wool spots, (boat shaped hemorrhages, loss of normal red reflex

A

DZ: Poliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
TX: Diabetes control, Retinal laser photocoagulation

42
Q

Edema, microaneurysms, hard exudates (yellowish lesions w/ discrete borders)

A

DZ: Diabetic Macular Edema
TX: Refer to OD

43
Q

AV nicking, Copper Wire, Silver wire, cotton wool spots

A

DZ: HTN retinopathy
TX: tx underlying HTN

44
Q

Amaurosis Fugax, cherry red spot on macula

A

DZ: Retinal artery occlusion (often assoc with carotid dz)
TX: tx underlying dz, Urgent OD referral

45
Q

Tortuous optic veins

A

DZ: retinal vein occlusion
TX: Emergent OD referral

46
Q

night blindness, shimmering lights, thin blood vessels, pale optic disk, retinal pigmentation

A

DZ: Retinitis pigmentosa
TX: OD referral, vitamin A supplements

47
Q

metamorphosia, retinal hemorrhage

A

DZ: Macular degeneration
TX: immediate Od referral

48
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

DZ: Ischemic optic neuronitis
TX: Emergen OD referral

49
Q

Assoc with MS

A

DZ: Optic neuritis,
TX: referral if MS suspected, Refer to OD

50
Q

Drusen, loss of central vision

A

DZ: Atrophic macular degeneration
TX: Referral to OD

51
Q

Retinal ruggae, Curtain descending-permanent

A

DZ: retinal detachment

TX emergency referral to OD

Clin Med Exam Tomolonis-Ophthalm. (1 decks)

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