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Anterior Segment > Word Association > Flashcards

Word Association Flashcards

1
Q

Pyogenic granuloma

A

Reactive hemangioma
Strabismus, PTX
Spoke wheel vascular pattern

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2
Q

Macular dystrophy

A 
AR
Stromal
Mucopolysaccaride
Alcian blue
Diffuse haze over all of K
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3
Q

Cysts on cornea biopsy

A 
Acanthamoeba
Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) +/- propamide
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4
Q

Hearing loss and interstitial keratitis

A

Cohan Syndrome

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5
Q

Kaiser Fleischer Ring

A

Wilson’s disease
Chronic active hepatitis
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Exogenous chalcosis

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6
Q

TGFbeta

A 
Granular
Lattice
Avellino
Reis Buckler
Thiel Benke
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7
Q

Goblet cells in the corneal epithelium

A

Limbal stem cell deficiency

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8
Q

Corneal type 1 collagen

A

Stroma, Bowman’s

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9
Q

Corneal type 4 collagen

A

Descemet

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10
Q

Corneal type 3 collagen

A

Scar tissue

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11
Q

PAS positive membrane

A

Descemets, lens capsule, basement membrane of the pigmented ciliary body epithelium, ILM, Bruch’s membrane

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12
Q

Anterior bandes and posterior nonbanded

A

Descemets — posterior nonbanded thickens over life

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13
Q

Corneal endothelium with epithelial characteristics

A
  • ICE
  • Epi downgrowth
  • PPMD
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14
Q

Anterior v posterior lens capsule

A

Anterior - w epi, 12-21 microns

Posterior - no epi, 2-9 microns

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15
Q

Eosinophilic processes

A

Allergy
Parasitic
Sympathetic ophthalmia

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16
Q

Giant cells in descemets

A

Herpetic disease

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17
Q

Golden globules

A

Actinic keratopathy = labrador

May look like band

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18
Q

Enlarged corneal nerves

A 
MEN2B
Leprosy = Hansen
Phytanic acid storage dz = Refsum
NF
Familial dysautonomia
Acanthamoeba
19
Q

MEN2B

A 
Enlarged corneal nerves
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Pheo 
Marfanoid habitus
Mucosal neuroma
20
Q

Refsum Disease

A

Phytanic acid storage
Juvenile onset nyctalopia, cataract, RP
Hearing loss, ataxia,ichthyoses
AR

21
Q

Parkinson syndrome

A

Exposure keratopathy (slow blink)

22
Q

Etiologies of neurotrophic keratopathy

A
  • Aneurysm/CVA
  • CN V damage (iatrogenic eg large LRI, PK, LASIK)
  • Tumor (acoustic neuroma, angioma, neurofibroma)
  • DM
  • Riley-Day = Familial Dysautonomia
  • HSV/VZV
  • Leprosy (Hansen Dz)
  • MS
  • Med toxicity (anesthetic, beta blocker, CAI, NSAID)
23
Q

Medication classes associated with corneal anesthesia

A 
Topical anesthetics
Beta blockers
CAIs
NSAIDs
Preservative: BAK = benzalkonium chloride
24
Q

Preservative associated with K anesthesia

A

Benzalkonium chloride = BAK

25
Q

Heaped up corneal epithelium around an epi defect; associated strongly infiltration

A

Neurotrophic keratopathy

26
Q

Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis associations

A 
Autoimmune thyroid disease
Graft v host
Post-blepharoplasty
Aqueous tear deficiency
Blepharospasm

Mechanical trauma to upper lid transmitted to bulbar/tarsal conjunctiva

27
Q

Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis - presentation

A

Chronic-recurrent
Female predominant
Often bilateral; can be asymmetric

Injection/thickening superior bulbar conj
Fine papillary reaction superior tarsal conj
Hypertrophie superior limbus
Superior PEE
Superior filaments (distinguishes from CLK)
Good vision (distinguishes from CLK)

28
Q

Snake nuclei

A

SLK: superior bulbar conj
- chromatin changes

Other cellular features: nuclear pyknosis w increased cytoplasm-nucleus ratio

Also associated: goblet cell loss, keratinization, hyperproliferation, acanthosis

29
Q

Management of conjunctivochalasis

A

Med: topical lubricants, antihistamines, topical steroids

Other: patch at night

Procedural: cautery, amniotic tissue graft, excision (consider closure w tissue adhesive)

30
Q

Slit lamp findings in traumatic recurrent erosion

A

Epi cyst on retroillumination
Fluorescein pooling

To distinguish dystrophy from trauma, examine contralateral eye while dilated: if weck cell pressure demonstrates loosely adherent epi, consider dystrophy

31
Q

Treatment: traumatic recurrent erosion

A 
Conservative:
Lubrication
Patching
Topical abx 
Muro—min 6 wk
Doxy- anti-MMP
Steroid
\+/- BCL
Surgical:
Epi debridement 
Anterior stromal puncture
PTK
PRK
32
Q

Trichiasis v dystichiasis

A

Trichiasis - normal origin, turned in

Distichiasis - extra row of lashes from Meibomian gland orifice

33
Q

Corneal abnormality associated with Finnish ancestry

A

Cornea plana (KERA gene: 12q22; AR/AD)

Associated with: corneal clouding, sclerocornea, cataract, coloboma (anterior or posterior), angle closure, POAG

Associated w Ehlers Danlos

34
Q

FOXC1

A

Axenfeld Rieger

  • posterior embryotoxin
  • iris abnormalities (hypoplasia/corectopia)
  • glaucoma
  • craniofacial abnormalities

A spectrum

Also ass’d w: PITX, PAX6

35
Q

SRK-T

A

P = A - 2.5L -0.9K

36
Q

BIGH3

A

Granular
Hyaline
Masson Trichrome

Central symptoms
Clear periphery

Also: Avellino (AD), Reis-Bucklers (AR)

37
Q

Type of dry eye associated with lactoferrin

A

Indirect measure of lacrimal gland function (produced by lacrimal acini) – associated with aqueous tear deficiency

38
Q

Type of dry eye associated with MMP-9

A

Suggestive of blepharitis – evaporative dry eye

39
Q

Type of dry eye associated with tear osmolarity

A

Values of 306-308 mOsm/L suggest aqueous tear deficiency

40
Q

Conjunctival lymphomatous processes – likelihood of systemic lymphoma

A

20% lymphoid tumor have extraocular lymphoma
31% of lymphoma have extraocular lymphoma

Also, bilateral in 20%
Typically non-Hodgkin’s B cell lymphoma

41
Q

Diffuse, forniceal salmon-colored conjunctival thickening

A

Conjunctival lymphoid tumor v. lymphoma

  • Fresh for IHC
  • 20% b/l
  • High rate of extraocular lymphoma
42
Q

Four Ps of Hemansky-Pudlak

A
  • Platelet disorder (bleeding diathesis)
  • Pulmonary fibrosis
  • Puerto Rican descent
  • Pigmentless (oculocutaneous albinism)
43
Q

Chediak-Higashi

A
  • Oculocutaneous albinism
  • Neutropenia – high susceptibility to infection
  • Myeloblasts/promyelocytes with large, eosinophilic inclusion bodies
  • Peculiar malignant lymphoma

Anterior Segment (5 decks)

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