Word Analysis Flashcards
Phonological awareness
students are able to identify, manipulate and isolate sounds that are in spoken word.
Phonemic awareness
students are able to break apart and blend sounds together.
Instruction in phonological awareness
Rhyming & songs
Onset-rime
Instruction in phonemic awareness
Counting phonemes
Comparing word lengths
Sound manipulation (adding & deleting)
Elkonin Boxes
l c l a l t l - count and identify phonemes
Relationship of phonemic (hearing-sound) awareness and phonics (written word)
identify words orally -> identify written words
Universal access & phonological awareness for struggling students
- Focus on mastery of key skills to support reading foundation, such as segmenting and oral blending.
- Pre-teach and re-teach skills, during differentiated instruction.
- Provide additional practice using hands-on methods for phoneme counting and segmenting
Universal access & phonological awareness for students with special needs
- Focus on mastery of key skills to support reading foundation, such as segmenting and oral blending.
- Pre-teach and re-teach skills, during differentiated instruction.
- Provide additional practice using various methods, such as visuals, tactile auditory and kinesthetic.
Universal access & phonological awareness for English Language Learners
- Pre-teach phonemes that are not in primary language.
- Use correct sequence of phoneme instruction in order to prevent confusion of sounds.
- Differentiate instruction for letters that are similar in sound.
Universal access & phonological awareness for advanced learners
- Increase the pace of phonemic awareness instruction
- Blend phonemic awareness and phonics lessons
- Incorporate the reading of simple texts & phonetic writing
Assessment for phonological awareness
ORAL:
- Phonemic awareness (add/delete sounds)
- Yopp-singer (identify sounds)
- Rhyming assessment
- Observation notes
Print awareness (concepts about print)
-Relationship of spoken & written language, students will understand that oral language can be written then read.
-Recognizing letter, word and sentence representation
(Can use language experience approach)
Concepts about print: Books
- Recognizing the directionality of print
- Tracking print in connected text L->R
- Book-handling skills (ex: title)
Letter identification
students are able to identify capital & lowercase letters in isolation and with in context of reading material
Letter formation
students are able to form written capital & lowercase letters using various formats (paper/pencil, clay, sand, etc.)
Letter recognition instruction
- Sing alphabet
- Introduce letters in isolation
- Identify letters within context
- Hands-on activities with letter identification, matching upper & lower case, sequencing.
Visual & auditory similar letter
- p & q
- d & b
- w & m
- m & n
Writing practice of letters and words
- Practice writing capital & lowercase letters
- Use kinesthetic methods by making air letters
- Use tactile methods by writing letters in sand, using clay, yarn etc.
- Writing center
Alphabetic principle- interrelationships among letters & sounds
grapheme (written representation of a sound) -> phoneme (a sound for a written letter)
Phonemic awareness
- Letter sound correspondence
- Adding & deleting sounds
- Substituting sounds
Beginning decoding (understanding simple spelling patterns)
- Two & three letter words
- Blending letter sounds
Beginning decoding instruction
- Introduce sound & spelling
- Conduct sound by sound decoding for CV or CVC words
- Blend sounds to determine the word
Beginning decoding activities
- Letter cards
- Elkonin boxes
Pre-phonetic writing
initial + final sounds
Semi-phonetic writing
final + medial sounds
Phonetic writing
understanding spelling patterns
Universal access for concepts about print for struggling readers
- Pre-teach concepts & display labels of book parts, letters, words, sentences during instruction
- Teach isolated concepts. Do not blend skills.
- Follow up with small group instruction on concepts the same day, using hands on approach.
Universal access for concepts about print for students with special needs
- Pre-teach concepts and display labels of book parts, letters, words, sentences during instruction.
- Teach isolated concepts. Do not blend skills.
- Provide additional additional practice using larger print, repeat concepts, kinesthetic & tactile methods
Universal access for concepts about print for English Language Learners
- Pre-teach concepts that are not part of primary language, and display examples during instruction.
- Teach, isolated concepts. Do not blend skills.
- Transfer knowledge from primary language to English, using a T-chart to display.
Universal access for concepts about print for advanced learners
- Increase the pace of instruction
- Expand activities to reading the letters, words and sentences
- Begin phonics & phonetic spelling to describe environmental & book print
Universal access for letter recognition & alphabetic principle for struggling students
- Teach a small set of letters & sounds until mastery occurs
- Use a variety of materials: letter tiles, letter cards, songs, magnetic letters, interactive activities.
- Pre-teach & re-teach in small groups to isolate unknown skills
- Repetitive practice & instruction
Universal access for letter recognition & alphabetic principle for students with special needs
- teach a small set of letters and sounds until mastery occurs
- use a variety of materials: letter tiles, letter cards, songs, magnetic letters, interactive activities
- pre-teach & re-teach in small groups to isolate unkown skills
- repetitive practice & instruction using various modalities
Universal access for letter recognition & alphabetic principle for English Language Learners
- Transfer concepts in primary language to the English language
- Use a variety of materials: letter tiles, letter cards, songs, magnetic letters, interactive activities
- Pre-teach letters & sounds that are not in primary language
- Repetitive practice & instruction
Universal access for letter recognition & alphabetic principle for Advanced Learners
- Assess for mastery of concepts
- Begin stages of phonics instruction
- Small group instruction for reading.
- Decodable books
- Begin writing activities
Assessments for concepts about print
- Observation notes
- Monitoring checklist
- Concepts of print survey
Assessments for letter recognition
- letter names (uppercase)
- letter names (lowercase)
- letter identification in texts
- letter sequencing
- letter matching
Assessments for alphabetic principle
- identify individual sounds
- identify consonant & vowel sounds
- nonsense word identification
- word recognition
- identify manipulation of initial, medial and final sounds
