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woordjes presentaties Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Goiter

A

Vergrote schildklier, krop, struma

In the physical examination, she could feel a goiter in the patient’s throat area

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2
Q

Macule

A

Macula, huidvlek

The dermatologist recognised the hypermelanotic macule immediately.

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3
Q

Precocious

A

Vroeg(rijp)

Early secretion of high levels of the body’s sex hormones can lead to a precocious
puberty.

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4
Q

stupor

A

Toestand van) verdoving, stupor

Stupor is a condition from which the subject can be aroused only by vigorous
stimuli.

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5
Q

Tenderness

A

Gevoeligheid

Pleurisy can cause pain, cough, chest tenderness, and shortness of breath

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6
Q

Cessation

A

Beëindiging, het staken

Relapses after cessation of treatment are common.

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7
Q

Proptosis

A

Uitpuiling van het oog

in patients with proptosis, you can see more of the white of the eyes

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8
Q

To diminish

A

Verminderen, verkleinen, afnemen

We will start a symptomatic treatment to diminish your current complaints

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9
Q

Guarding

A

Spierverzet

. Abdominal guarding and rebound tenderness will develop with peritonitis

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10
Q

Euthyroid

A

Goede schildklierfunctie

Euthyroid sick syndrome

She is clinically euthyroid but has low thyroid hormone levels due to a systemic
illness.

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11
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Zweten

Excessive diaphoresis

Her clothes were all wet because of the diaphoresis.

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12
Q

Tachycardia

A

Te hoge hartslag

Tachycardia and palpitations

The monitor showed a continuous tachycardia and a high blood pressure.

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13
Q

To cease

A

Ophouden, stoppen

Cease to exist

Her fever ceased but returned after a few days.

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14
Q

Malaise

A

Wee gevoel (zonder duidelijk ziektebeeld)

Fatigue and malaise

The patient showed general symptoms like fatigue, malaise and fever.

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15
Q

To distinguish

A

Onderscheiden

To distinguish between; to distinguish from

The laboratory results should help to distinguish between the possible diagnoses

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16
Q

Consciousness

A

Bewustzijn

To lose consciousness

Patients surviving severe acute brain damage classically progress through
different stages before fully or partly recovering consciousness.

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17
Q

Sequela

A

Restletsel

Neurological sequelae

Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the female genital tract can lead to serious
sequelae resulting in fertility related disorders.

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18
Q

Tone

A

Tonus, spierspanning

Postural tone

After you’ve had a baby you lose the muscle tone in your stomach.

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19
Q

Jerky

A

Schokkerig, spastisch

Jerky movements

They have sensed regular jerky movements of the fetus and realized these
represented fetal hiccoughs.

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20
Q

To slump

A

Ineenzakken, ineenstorten

To slump over

She slumped to the floor in a faint.

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21
Q

Downsloping

A

Aflopend

Downsloping ST-segments

The ECG showed a downsloping ST-segment depression, which is a common
manifestation of severe myocardial ischemia.

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22
Q

Prone to

A

Vatbaar voor, geneigd tot

Prone to violence

During allergy season, she is prone to having a couple of asthma attacks
each day.

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23
Q

Provocative

A

Uitlokkend

A provocative test

She complained about a numb hand during the provocative test, which
confirmed the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome.

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24
Q

Consistent

A

Consequent, samenhangend

To be consistent with

The lab results were consistent with the suspected diagnosis.

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25
Q

Inpatient

A

Intramuraal, opgenomen in ziekenhuis

Inpatient care

Due to his severe condition, inpatient care was necessary to monitor his vitals
overnight.

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26
Q

Restriction

A

Beperking

Restricted breathing

After confirming the diagnosis of hypertension, he has been put on a
restricted diet consisting of healthy low-sodium foods.

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27
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

Hartspierziekte

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

At least 1 of every 500 people in the UK has hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,
which causes the heart muscle to grow abnormally thick.

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28
Q

Tachyarrhythmia

A

(Pathologisch) versneld hartritme

Ventricular tachyarrhythmic events

Palpitations in patients with Brugada syndrome should raise the question of
supraventricular tachyarrhythmia.

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29
Q

implant

A

Implantaat

Heart valve implants

An implant-supported restoration offers a predictable treatment for tooth
replacement.

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30
Q

Autosomal

A

Autosomaal, niet-geslachtsgebonden overerving

Autosomal dominant/recessive

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most prevalent,
potentially lethal, monogenic disorder

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31
Q

Dichorionic

A

Dichoriaal

Dichorionic twins

My brother and I are dichorionic twins.

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32
Q

Ischemia

A

Ischemie, verminderde bloedvoorziening naar organen of weefsels met als
gevolg een tekort aan zuurstof en voedingsstoffen

Cardiac ischemia

My father suffered a heart attack, the doctor called it cardiac ischemia.

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33
Q

Cannulation

A

Canulatie, inbrengen van een canule in een lichaamsholte

Vein cannulation

They cannulated the femoral artery to access the bloodstream.

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34
Q

Aneurysm

A

Aneurysma, zwakke plek in een slagader

Brain aneurysm

Sudden, extreme headache can be an early sign of a ruptured brain
aneurysm.

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35
Q

Embolus

A

Embolie, afsluiting van een slagader of een ader

Pulmonary embolism

After fixing the femoral bone in orthopedic surgery, we must look out for fatty
embolisms.

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36
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Iatrogeen, veroorzaakt door het optreden van een zorgdeskundige of door
een door hem voorgeschreven behandeling

Iatrogenic harm

The surgeon amputated the wrong limb, they have caused the patient
iatrogenic harm.

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37
Q

To discontinue

A

Stopzetten

To discontinue medication/treatment

I decided to discontinue my studies.

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38
Q

Patent

A

Patent, open, zonder obstructie

A patent vessel

Some children have a patent ductus arteriosus, it is supposed to close soon
after birth

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39
Q

Mummified

A

Gemummificeerd

Mummified

The ancient Egyptians mummified their deceased

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40
Q

Milestones

A

Mijlpalen

To reach a milestone

Graduating was one of the most important milestones of my life, besides
getting married and having children.

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41
Q

Spontaneous

A

Spontaan, niet uitgelokt

Spontaneous applause

After I passed my English exam, I did a spontaneous dance.

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42
Q

Phalanges

A

Phalanges, vinger of teenkootjes

Distal phalanges

I lost two of my phalanges in a circular saw accident.

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43
Q

Discoloration

A

Verkleuring

Red discoloration

My sister saw some red discoloration on her hand, and it turns out it was a
mosquito bite.

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44
Q

Foramen

A

Opening

Foramen jugulare

My friend discovered she had a small hole in her heart, it is called an open
foramen ovale.

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45
Q

Perfusion

A

Perfusie, doorbloeding

Cardiovascular perfusion

During a pregnancy, it is essential that the uterus be well perfused to sustain
the fetus with nutrients and oxygen.

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46
Q

Onychomycosis

A

Onychomycose

Severe onychomycosis

Onychomycosis is fungal infection of the nail plate, nail bed, or both.

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47
Q

Blister

A

o Blaar
o A painful blister
o Blisters will usually appear on the hands or feet, as these are the areas that most often encounter repetitive abrasion, whether walking, running or playing the drums.

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48
Q

Erythematous

A

o Erythemateus, rood
o An erythematous rash
o Classically, patients with eczema present with erythematous patches.

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49
Q

Pruritic

A

o Jeukend
o A pruritic rash
o A 40-year-old man presented to the clinic with a sudden-onset pruritic rash of 4 days’ duration.

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50
Q

Adjacent

A

o Aangrenzend
o Adjacent finger
o Isolated stiffness in a single finger can affect the function of adjacent digits and decrease overall hand function.

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51
Q

Oozing, to ooze

A

o Sijpelend, sijpelen
o An oozing wound
o A scab that forms over an area that moves, such as a joint, may crack and a few drops of clear yellowish to pinkish fluid may ooze from the wound.

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52
Q

Plaque

A

o Plaque, oppervlakkig letsel
o A skin plaque
o The patient had a slow-growing plaque on the scalp of 10 years’ duration.

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53
Q

Instep

A

o Wreef
o A high instep
o Because of their design, the boots are more suitable for babies and toddlers with a high instep.

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54
Q

Superimposed

A

o Gesuperponeerd, op elkaar gelegen
o Superimposed infection
o In the second movement the layers are superimposed.

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55
Q

Excoriations

A

o Ontvelling
o Excoriation disorder
o Excoriation disorder is an obsessive-compulsive spectrum mental disorder that is characterized by the repeated urge or impulse to pick at one’s own skin to the extent that either psychological or physical damage is caused.

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56
Q

Scattered

A

o Verspreid
o Scattered lesions
o Avoid contact of direct or scattered radiation with eyes or skin.

57
Q

Scaling

A

o Schilfering
o Scaling skin
o Also known as desquamation, scaling skin happens when the outer layer of the skin, called the epidermis, begins to flake off.

58
Q

Offending

A

o Schadend
o Offending agent
o An investigation of the main offending allergen is essential to treat allergic rhinitis (AR).

59
Q

Topical

A

o Topicaal, plaatselijk
o Topical treatment
o Topical retinoids are a class of prescription medications used to control comedonal acne (blackheads and whiteheads).

60
Q

Resolution

A

o Oplossing
o Resolution of inflammation
o Phagocytosis of bacteria typically accelerates neutrophil apoptosis, which ultimately promotes the resolution of infection.

61
Q

Gravid

A

a) Zwanger
b) Gravid uterus
c) The gravid uterus undergoes a lot of gradual changes from the time of conception to the hour of delivery.

62
Q

Fibrous

A

a) Fibreus, vezelig
b) Fibrous capsule
c) Fibrous connective tissue is composed of parallel bundles of collagen fibers.

63
Q

Incidentally

A

a) Toevallig
b) Incidental finding
c) Incidental findings are possible medical abnormalities that are unintentionally observed during further technical examinations.

64
Q

Colic

A

a) Koliek
b) Colicky pain
c) Pain that comes in waves and starts and ends suddenly is described as colicky pain.

65
Q

Residing

A

a) Woonachtig
b) Residing in/at/since/….
c) She was residing in an isolation housing during COVID-19.

66
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

a) Anafylaxie
b) Anaphylactic shock
c) An anaphylactic shock is a severe and sometimes life-threatening reaction to an allergen.

67
Q

Portal

A

a) Portaal, lever
b) Portal hypertension
c) When you have portal hypertension, this increased pressure makes it harder for blood to flow normally through the portal vein.

68
Q

Hemoptysis

A

a) Bloedspuwen
b) /
c) A bronchoscopy is highly recommended in patients with massive hemoptysis.

69
Q

Expectoration

A

a) Opgeven, slijmen
b) Expectoration of a cyst fluid
c) Expectorated sputum was collected once.

70
Q

Pleuritic

A

a) Pleurale
b) pleuritic chest pain
c) The patient suffered from pleuritic chest pain and dyspnoea.

71
Q

Conduction

A

a) Geleiding
b) Conduction abnormalities
c) The changes on the ECG are due to the conduction abnormality.

72
Q

Calcification

A

a) Calcificatie, kalkvorming
b) Painful calcifications
c) The breast calcifications were visible on the mammography taken yesterday.

73
Q

Solid

A

a) Stevig, vast, solide
b) Solid organs
c) The doctor will do further testing if the ultrasound shows a solid mass.

74
Q

Sophisticated

A

a) Geavanceerd, gesofisticeerd, verfijnd
b) Highly sophisticated techniques
c) More sophisticated techniques are needed to confirm the diagnosis.

75
Q

Serologic

A

a) Serologisch
b) Serologic tests
c) The serology test turned out positive, which means the test has detected some antibodies.

76
Q

Dissemination

A

a) Verspreiding
b) Disease dissemination
c) Disease dissemination was more common in patients with underlying conditions.
a) Verspreiding
b) Disease dissemination
c) Disease dissemination was more common in patients with underlying conditions.

77
Q

To discharge

A

a) Ontslaan
b) Discharged (to) home
c) The patient was discharged home after two weeks.

78
Q

Acutely

A

a. Acuut, plots
b. Acutely worsened
c. The patients whose condition acutely improved were given the new drug.

79
Q
  1. Aloof
A

a. Terughoudend, niet vriendelijk of coöperatief
b. To remain aloof
c. He seemed rather aloof when in fact he was just shy.

80
Q

Suicidal

A

a. Een staat waarin men zichzelf wil vermoorden of gedachten heeft dit te doen
b. Suicidal thoughts
c. The girl next door has had a breakup with her boyfriend and now I hope she isn’t suicidal.

81
Q

Depressive (adjective)

A

a. Aan het lijden door of te maken hebbend met depressie
b. depressive personality
c. He now suffers from a depressive disorder.

82
Q

Manic

A

a. Zeer opgewonden of angstig waardoor je zeer fysiek actief wordt
b. Manic talker
c. The way he can’t calm down you would think he is manic.

83
Q

Alogia

A

a. Vorm van gedachte armoede en daarmee samenhangend taalgebruik (symptoom van schizofrenie)
b. Schizophrenic alogia
c. The apathy and lack of conversational activity indicates the presence of alogia.

84
Q

Anhedonia

A

a. het niet meer kunnen ervaren van vreugde
b. substance-related anhedonia
c. The doctor calls it anhedonia, when you use too many drugs and can’t enjoy the small things anymore.

85
Q

Apathy

A

a. Onverschilligheid, tekort aan voeling, emotie, interesse of bezorgdheid om iets
b. complete apathy
c. How can we overcome voter apathy?

86
Q

Thyrotoxicosis

A

a. een teveel aan schildklierhormoon in je lichaam
b. Severe thyrotoxicosis
c. Hyperthyroidism is the main cause of thyrotoxicosis.

87
Q

Pernicious

A

a. Destructief (in context van casus)
b. pernicious anemia
c. The cuts in government funding have had a pernicious effect on local health services.

88
Q

Psychosis

A

a. een serieuze mentale aandoening (zoals schizofrenie) gekarakteriseerd door een verlies aan contact met de realiteit, vaak samengaand met hallucinaties en waanideeën
b. drug-induced psychosis
c. She fell into a drug-induced psychosis after using a lot of cocaine.

89
Q

Grandiose

A

a. groots, enorm overdreven
b. grandiose ambitions
c. They did not believe his grandiose claims.

90
Q

Electroconvulsive

A

a. krampachtige/spastische respons op electroshock
b. electroconvulsive treatment
c. Electroconvulsive therapy to cure depression can sometimes lead to memory loss.

91
Q

Psychoeducational

A

a. informatie over psychische klachten en hiermee om te gaan gevend
b. psychoeducational clinic
c. A big aspect of dealing with a mental disorder is the psychoeducational aspect.

92
Q

Delusion

A

a. waanidee of fantasie die de betrokkene beschouwt als realiteit, zelfs indien feiten dit tegenspreken
b. persecutory delusions
c. He has the delusion that he will be promoted this year, even though his work isn’t very good.

93
Q

Emesis

A

a. Braken
b. Drug-induced emesis
c. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can induce episodes of emesis where the patient has a feeling of vomiting.

94
Q

Enuresis

A

a. Bedplassen
b. Nocturnal enuresis
c. Enuresis is a common childhood problem where children need to learn controlling their urination.

95
Q

Fatigued

A

a. Vermoeid
b. Feeling fatigued
c. He felt exhausted and fatigued after running his marathon.

96
Q

Obtunded

A

a. Lethargisch
b. Obtunded patient
c. Being obtunded is a state similar to lethargy in which the patient has a lessened interest in the environment, slowed responses to stimulation, and tends to sleep more than normal with drowsiness in between sleep states.

97
Q

Toddler

A

a. Peuter
b. Thumb sucking toddler
c. A toddler is a child which is approximately 12 to 36 months old.

98
Q

Somnolence

A

a. Slaperigheid
b. Episode of somnolence
c. Somnolence is a state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods.

99
Q

. To bear

A

a. Iets verdragen/volhouden
b. Unbearable pain
c. He couldn’t bear the pain anymore.

100
Q

Brisk

A

a. Snel/vlug
b. Brisk capillary refill
c. During physical examination, the patient showed brisk reflexes.

101
Q

Edematous

A

a. Oedemateus, gezwollen
b. Edematous legs
c. Edematous is related to edema where extremities are swollen with an excessive accumulation of fluid.

102
Q

Erythema

A

a. Erytheem, roodheid
b. Erythema nodosum
c. Minor burns commonly show erythema on the burned skin.

103
Q

Tenderness

A

a. Zachtheid (algemeen), pijnlijk bij aanraken (medisch)
b. Muscle tenderness
c. The back of my neck feels very tender.

104
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

a. Dorsiflexie; beweging van polsgewricht/enkelgewricht naar boven
b. Afunctional dorsiflexion
c. Dorsiflexion is the opposite movement of plantar flexion.

105
Q

Discomfort

A

a. Ongemak, onbehagen
b. Discomfortable pain
c. You may experience some slight discomfort after the operation.

106
Q

Pale

A

a. Bleek
b. Pale skin
c. He started looking pale after seeing the needle of the syringe.

107
Q

To suffer

A

a. Lijden, afzien
b. To suffer from cancer
c. She suffers from asthma.

108
Q

Necessarily

A

Noodzakelijk

b. Don’t necessarily need to
c. Methimazole is not necessarily used for immediate symptom control.

109
Q

Tenderness

A

Malsheid

b. Tenderness at the injection site
c. Her head and neck examination showed tenderness of the bilateral temporal areas.

110
Q

Preliminary

A

Voorlopig(e)

b. Preliminary laboratory findings
c. The final report came a week after the preliminary version.

111
Q

Pending

A

. In afwachting van
b. Pending results
c. Pending a decision, we are taking temporary measures.
. In afwachting van
b. Pending results
c. Pending a decision, we are taking temporary measures.

112
Q

Braces

A

Een beugel

b. Brace on his teeth
c. You might need braces when your teeth are visibly crooked.

113
Q

To mimic

A

Nabootsen, imiteren

b. To mimic a sound
c. These thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs) mimic the action of TSH, causing uninhibited production and release of thyroid hormones.

114
Q

Hypoechoic

A

Hypoechogeen, niet veel geluidsgolven weerkaatsend

b. Hypoechoic nodule
c. The ultrasound revealed hypoechoic tissue with increased blood flow.

115
Q

Diminished

A

Verminderd

b. Diminished with time
c. In Graves ophtalmopathy there are inflammatory infiltrates and edema in the retro-orbital tissue which results in classic proptosis and diminished ocular muscle function

116
Q

Goiter

A

Struma

	b. A mild goiter
	c. The patient presented with a fever, tachycardia, a diffuse goiter and high levels of Thyroxine in her bloodstream. This was suggestive for Graves disease.
117
Q

peripheral

A

a. perifeer
b. peripheral vision
c. Non-selective beta blockers like propranolol may reduce the peripheral conversion from T4 to T3.

118
Q

heterogeneous

A

a. Heterogeen
b. heterogeneous calcification of the bone
c. Alzheimer’s, a heterogeneous syndrome entangled with aging, is not likely curable via single-drug approaches

119
Q

diaphoresis

A

a. Diaforese
b. Diaphoresis at night
c. The word diaphoresis is to be avoided when talking to patients, it’s better to use the term perspiration or even just sweating

120
Q

otorhinolaryngologist

A

a) NKO-arts
b) To consult an otorhinolaryngologist
c) The otorhinolaryngologist treated the patient for epiglottitis, which is a severe and dangerous infection.

121
Q

Upper respiratory infection (URI)

A

a) Bovenste luchtweginfectie
b) To be diagnosed with a URI
c) The patient denied upper respiratory infection (URI) symptoms, cough, rash, night sweats, or persistent weight loss.

122
Q

Suppressed

A

a) Onderdrukt
b) suppressed TSH levels
c) The state of consciousness of the student was suppressed due to intoxication with alcohol, dehydration, hypothermia and the overconsumption of fish oil.

123
Q

To arouse

A

use

a. Wekken, opwekken
b. To arouse from a sleep
c. Being in stupor means that only repeated stimuli will arouse the patient.

124
Q

Obtunded

A

Bewustzijnsdaling, verlaagde waakzaamheid, afgestompdheid
b. Obtunded reflexes, obtunded patient
c. The early stages of brain edema or organ failure can cause confusion but can
advance rapidly through the stages of lethargy, obtundation, stupor, and
coma

125
Q

Semiconscious

A

Niet volledig bewust of responsief

b. Semiconscious state
c. The victim was semiconscious and could barely talk

126
Q

Emesis

A

a. Braken
b. Emesis basin
c. Patients are often most fearful of the nausea and emesis caused by
chemotherapy.

127
Q

Toxidrome

A

a. Toxidroom; complex van symptomen die aan de basis liggen van en leiden tot
de diagnose van intoxicatie
b. Opiate toxidrome
c. A toxidrome may indicate a medical emergency requiring treatment at a
poison control center.

128
Q

Drowsy

A

a. Slaperig
b. Drowsy state
c. Overdose depresses the central nerve syst

129
Q

Flushing

A

Rode, warme huid; blozen
b. Flushed skin
c. Occasional flushing is normal and can result from being too hot, but it can also
be a side effect of - for example - drinking alcohol.

130
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Ernstige bloeding
b. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
c. Hemorrhage is a leading cause of potentially preventable death, especially in
the acute trauma population.

131
Q

Suprapubic

A

Regio boven het schaambeen, schaamstreek
b. Suprapubic region
c. Auscultation of the lower abdomen and palpation of the suprapubic region
were performed.

132
Q

Miosis

A

Constrictie of verkleining van de pupil
b. Pupillary miosis
c. Miosis is an easily recognized sign in overdose and can be very helpful in the
diagnostic setting of drug overdoses.

133
Q

Mydriasis

A

Dilatatie of verwijding van de pupil
b. Pupillary mydriasis
c. Atropine induces mydriasis by blocking contraction of the circular pupillary
sphincter muscle.

134
Q

Heteroanamnesis

A

Heteroanamnese; anamnese bij een andere persoon dan de patiënt zelf
b. Partner heteroanamnesis
c. The doctor performed heteroanamnesis of his partner after the patient
presented at the ED in semiconscious state.

135
Q

Tenderness

A

Gevoeligheid, oncomfortabel gevoel bij aanraking

b. Muscle tenderness, joint tenderness
c. Tenderness on palpation indicates objective painful symptoms.

136
Q

Recreational

A

Als ontspanning
b. Recreational drug use
c. Intravenous drug use and other forms of recreational drug use predisposes to
vascular injury and disease.

137
Q

. Dysrhythmia

A

Dysritmie, onregelmatig ritme
b. Cardiac dysrhythmia
c. The extent of infarction is a strong determinant of both dysrhythmia and
mortality, late as well as early after acute myocardial infarction.

138
Q

Susceptibility

A

Gevoeligheid, vatbaarheid
b. Genetic susceptibility
c. Apart from BRCA1 and BRCA2, more than a dozen genes have a genetic susceptibility
towards breast cancer.

Medical English 2 (2 decks)

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