Wool Terms Flashcards
Wool suitable for manufacturing into apparel fabrics
Apparel Wool
Short and often defective wool from the belly
Bellies
Denotes fineness; More___ means finer wool
Blood
has a weak area in the staples; strong on either side
Break
Coarse hair found on the legs; typically the least quality
Breech or Britch Wool
Light colored wool free of dirt
Bright
Wool shorn from rams or whethers
Buck wool
Wool heavy in burrs and is expensive to have processed and the burrs removed
Burry Wool
Yellowish coloration which cannot e removed during sanitation. Though to be of bacterial origin
Canary Stained Wool
Removing burrs in the wool in sulfuric acid
Carbonizing
Color, Crimp, Brightness and sound tip of wool, makes the wool attractive
Charecter
Term that describes the physical color of the wool
Color
Manufactoring process which separates the long fibers from the short fibers that are combined into a large parallel fibers called tops
Combing
Wool that is large and strong enough to be combed
Combing wool
Refers to the amount of grease and dirt in a fleece
Condition
The coring of bales or bags of wool to determine the clean content and yield.
Core testing
Fibers that are matted together
Cotted
Natural waviness in the fibers
Crimp
wool that is darkish grey in color and lacks luster
Dingy
Medium staple length, too short for English Noble comb
French combing
Wool that is dry and lifeless without crimp due to weather or poor quality
Frowzy
Wool that is shorn from sheep before any processing
Grease Wool
Grease wool that has excessive amounts of yolk which is sticky and stiff
Gummy
Actual feel of the wool; pleasing to touch, soft, fineness and length
Handle
A 560 yard unit of wool yarn wound on a spool or rail
Hank
Chalky white brittle weak fiber that may be mixed in the normal fibers of a fleece. Will not take dye
Kemp
Refined yolk or grease wool
Lanolin
A tuft or group of fibers that cling naturally to each other in the wool; also known as staples
Lock
“full of life” springs back to normal position, very elastic, and bulky compared to weight
Lofty
Natural gloss or sheen-very desirable
Luster
Center cell area
medulla
fibers having more medulla-fibers are coarse and uneven and low in elasticity
Medullated Fibers
Short wool fibers removed in the combing process
Noils
Narrow staples or lock formation indicates an open fleece less density
Pencil Locked
Refers to the absence of dark fiber kemp or hair
Purity
Grease wool in its natural state before scouring
Raw
Actual separation of dirt, grease and vegetable matter from grease wool
Scouring
Solution used for scouring
hot, mildly alkaline solution
Short pieces of wool that result from the shearer from the clipper making a second stroke-increases the noils
Second Cuts
The weight raw wool loses when scoured
Shrinkage
freedom of the fiber from breaks and tenderness-refers to strength
Soundness
The length of a lock of shorn wool
Staple
The longest length wools within a grade
Staple
Wool that is weak and can break anywhere typically due to nutrition efficiency
Tender
The tip or weather end of the fibers that are encrusted making the wool wasty in processing
Tippy Wool
A continuos strand of partially manufactured wool
Top
The loss of fiber lost in combing due to tenderness, weakness or vegetable matter
Wastiness
Large amounts of shorter wools, such as noils
Woolen
Longer length wool fibers that have not been processed
Worsted
Opposite of shrinkage the percentage of clean wool after scouring
Yield
The combined secretion of oil and sweat in the skin
Yolk
