Women's Rights Flashcards
Barriers in places such as Iran and Afghanistan in achieving women’s rights?
Why?
Taliban?
- Women In Afghanistan; Cannot be heard (voice = vice tempting men), Must wear niqab covering body except eyes, Taxi drivers will get punished for driving a female without a male escort, Women cannot be in public without an escort
- Methods of punishment for women include:
Flogging = whipping
Stoning = collecting stones and throwing them - This can be due to extremist religious ideas that women should not be treated as being equal to males.
- In Afghanistan, the Taliban Government is an extremist religious group that prevents women from getting equal rights. An example is women are not allowed to attend school after grade 6.
- Many of these are enforced in Iran as well to a less severe extent
Who was Mary Two-Axe Earley?
Who was Rosemary Brown?
- Mary Two-Axe Earley fought for Indigenous women’s rights in Canada, successfully challenging laws (1985) that stripped First Nations women of their status if they married non-Indigenous men.
- Rosemary Brown was the first Black woman elected to a provincial legislature in Canada (BC, in 1972), advocating for gender equality and anti-racism.
Why is the gender pay gap considered true or not true?
How is it calculated?
- True: The gender pay gap exists due to factors such as discrimination, occupational segregation, and women often facing barriers to career advancement or unequal pay for similar work.
- Not true: Some argue the gap is partly due to differences in work experience, career choices, or hours worked, rather than direct discrimination.
There are three main ways to calculate the pay gap:
1. Average annual earnings
2. Full-time, full-year average annual earnings
3. Hourly wages
Women’s rights in Canada, two examples and years?
Abortion Rights: Legalized in Canada in 1988 thanks to Morgentaler
Voting Rights: Women gained the right to vote in 1916-1940, depending on the province.
Who was Mahsa Amini and how did she spark change?
Why can’t the laws change in iran?
- She was born in Kurdistan and lived and died in capitatl city of Iran, Tehran
- She was killed for wearing her hijab loosely, and there have been at least 300 protests since her death
- Amini’s death unleashed decades of pent-up anger in Iran against the government and its religious rulers and their denial of social and political freedoms.
- Women led the protest fed up with the restraint strict Islamic law puts on them, including telling them how to dress
- Guardian council can override will of people - Sabotage reforms
What is the Iran morality police and general?
- Iran’s Attorney General Montazeri claimed the “morality police” has been shut down, but this statement does not indicate a policy change.
- Montazeri pledged to continue enforcing sharia law and maintain a surveillance state.
- The Iranian regime uses violence to suppress protests, and the true goal of the protests is to end the regime, not just the morality police.
UN World Conference on Women - Beijing, 1995
- The Canadian delegation to the conference included the Federal Minister for the Status of Women, and Manitoba Minister for the Status of Women
- Created global action plan for women’s equality
What is the UN Women?
- UN Women promotes gender equality and empowers women globally, advancing Sustainable Development Goals.
- Focus areas: leadership, economic equality, freedom from violence, and building sustainable peace.
What is the global gender gap index?
- An index designed to measure gender equality
- Measures gaps between men and women in 4 key areas;
Health, Education, Economy, Politics - Assesses how well a country is dividing resources and opportunities among male and female populations
Track progress and make predictions about a country’s proximity to parity
What is the UN ‘I am Malala Campaign’?
- The “I am Malala Campaign” by the UN promotes girls’ right to education, inspired by Malala Yousafzai.
- Malala survived a Taliban attack for advocating girls’ education in Pakistan, becoming a global symbol of resistance against extremism.
- The campaign highlights the fight against gender discrimination and supports equal access to education for women worldwide.
Post Iranian revolution
Post-Iranian Revolution: Women’s rights were significantly restricted, including the imposition of mandatory hijab laws, reduced legal rights in marriage, divorce, and child custody, and limited opportunities in education and employment under Islamic law.
