Women's health - contraceptives Flashcards
best contraception for heavy bleeding and menorrhagia
hormonal IUD (minera)
contraception that takes up to 6 months to wear off
depot-provera injection
what contraceptives are safe after pregnancy
implanon and minipill
what are the benefits of COCP?
helps with acne and hirsutism
prevents onset of osteoporosis
makes period lighter and less painful
allows skipping of period - better control
prevents against endometriosis and uterine fibroids
decreases chance of uterine and ovarian cancer
what are the absolute contraindications of COCP
> 35 and smoking history > 15 cig a day
previous history of VTE/PE
previous history or active history of breast CA
previous history of IHD/CVS/CVA diseases
hypertension of >160/100
valvular heart disease
severe liver cirrhosis and liver adenoma
what are the risks of COCP?
increased risk of breast CA and endometrial CA
increased risk of VTE/PE
what are the side effects of COCP?
spotting
oedema
n/v
what happens if patient misses the COCP?
less than 24: just take as per normal as they remember
more than 24: take as soon as remember, use protection for next 7 days of intercourse
if any of the pills taken in the last 7 days were sugar pills and had sex in the last 5 days = use emergency contraceptives
what factors may stop COCP from working as it should?
severe diarrhoea/vomiting
use of st john’s wort
antibiotics use and anti-epileptics use
what are the advantages of using implanon?
can be used immediately after pregnancy
safe to use in pregnancy
does not contain oetrogen
what is the effectiveness of COCP?
91%
what are the side effects of implanon?
hormonal effects: mood swinging, weight gain, bloating, sore breasts,
bleeding; may be irregular, may be heavy
what are the contraindications of implanon, depot provera and hormonal IUD?
5 years past history of breast CA
what are the advantages of using depo provera injections
private, cost effective, does not require pills
does not have oestrogen side effects
safe for breast feeding, requires 6 months before use after pregnancy
what is the most effective reversible method of contraception?
implanon (99.9%)
what are the side effects of using depo provera injections
irregular bleeding in 1st 3 - 4 months
hormone related hormonal effects: weight gain, mood swings, bloating, sore breasts
long term use may be assoc. w/ osteoporosis
what are the disadvantages of mini pill?
only allows 3 hour leeway each day
may have irregular unpredictable bleeding
what may affect effectiveness of mini pill?
severe diarrhoea, vomiting
saint john’s wart
antibiotics/antiepileptics
what are the advtanges of hormonal IUD (Mirena)
ideal for women with heavy periods
does not cause weight gain
can be left in till menopause occurs
what is an absolute contraindication to IUD?
presence or risk of SIT - lead to complication of PID
what procedures must be done before and after placement of IUD?
before screen; STI screen and pregnancy screne
after; no sexual intercourse, swimming or use of tampons in the next 48 hours
what are the disadvantages of using IUD/
uncomfortable inserting procedure
chance of infection causing PID
may be expelled in the first 3 months
can only be used 6 months after pregnancy
