Women's Civil Rights

Question 1

American Equal Rights Association

Answer 1

1866- founded by Anthony and Stanton campaigning fore the suffrage for all citizens

Question 2

American Women’s Suffrage Association and National Women’s Suffrage Association

Answer 2

founded 1869- AWSA- Lucy Stone campaigned for the right to vote for black Americans and also for women at state level
NWSA- Anthony and Stanton- campaigned for full federal recognition for the right to vote

Question 3

15th Amendment

Answer 3

1870- gave African American men right to vote- no discrimination- did not take into account women

Question 4

Comstock Laws

Answer 4

1873- made the sale and distribution of contraceptives illegal

Question 5

Women’s Crusade

Answer 5

temperance campaign 1873-4

Question 6

Women’s Christian Temperance Union

Answer 6

1874- promoted temperance as a means to protecting the home

Question 7

Hull House

Answer 7

Jane Addams in 1889- campaigned against social issues like poor housing and aided immigrants in finding jobs

Question 8

Anti- Saloon League

Question 9

National Association for Coloured Women

Answer 9

1896- campaigned against gender discrimination and racial prejudice for black women. More than 50,000 women joined by 1915 and 300,000 in 1918

Question 10

National American Women’s Suffrage Association

Answer 10

1890- merge of NWSA and AWSA- 10,000 members by 1910. Divisions made it weak- only represented 1/2 of women.

Question 11

National Consumer’s League

Answer 11

1899- campaigned for higher wages for women as sale clerks, better legislation in the workplace and better facilities for women and children

Question 12

Catt takes over NAWSA

Answer 12

1900- Carrie Chapman Catt took over NAWSA and began active protest, furthered by Alice Paul and Congressional Union for Women’s Suffrage 1913- organised mass demonstrations and picketed the White House

Question 13

Jeanette Rankin

Answer 13

became first woman to take seat in the house of representatives in 1917 and there were other opportunities to take public office

Question 14

19th Amendment

Answer 14

1920- gave women the right to vote over 21 - only those who were naturalised. Immigrant women did not benefit - AA women faced intimidation and many women voted as their husbands did. No united approach on how to use the vote

Question 15

Women’s Bureau in Department of Labour founded

Answer 15

1920

Question 16

Shepherd Towner Act

Answer 16

provided federal funding for maternity and childcare

Question 17

American Birth Control League

Answer 17

1921- Margaret Sanger- first legal birth control clinic

Question 18

Women’s Organisation for National Prohibition Reform

Answer 18

1929- Pauline Sabine was convinced that prohibition was a failure as legislation was highly ineffective in achieving abstinence

Question 19

National Recovery Administration

Answer 19

princple for lower pay for women established under leadership of Frances Perkins 1933

Question 20

21st Amendment

Answer 20

1933- repeals Prohibition

Question 21

Social Security Act and Aid to Dependent Children

Answer 21

alleviated family stress by giving benefits to married women but not especially for them. The aid to dependent children 1935 helped women and young families nut aid was mostly given to white women

Question 22

Gallup Poll published

Answer 22

1936- showed that 82% of Americans resented working women. 26 states introduced laws which banned women from working

Question 23

Fair Labor Standards Act

Answer 23

1938- tried to set new minimum wages levels but women still earned 20% less than men

Question 24

Feminine Mystique Published

Answer 24

1963- Betty Friedan -many were inspired to join her movement to demand for greater rights for women

Question 25

President’s Commission on the Status of Women

Answer 25

1963- Kennedy - promoted equal pay for women, it also promoted training for young women for marriage and motherhood

Question 26

Civil Rights Act and Equal Employment Opportunities Commission

Answer 26

1964

Question 27

National Organisation for Women

Answer 27

1966- by Friedan- lobbied the US senate as well as filled lawsuits against discrimination. Involvement in the civil rights protests and the anti-Vietnam campaigns meant that they gained popularity and support.

Question 28

National Organisation for the repeal of abortion laws

Answer 28

1969- Friedan - encouraged radical feminism and its increasing demands for the rights of women. Anti- feminism developed as a result during the 1970s which was to be a potent force later on

Question 29

Reed v Reed

Answer 29

1971- rules that its unfair to prefer men over women at work

Question 30

National Women’s Political Caucus

Answer 30

1971- set up to encourage women to stand for election

Question 31

Gloria Steinem and Helen Reddy

Answer 31

1972 - ‘Ms’ Magazine and ‘I am a woman’- argued against the traditional roles of women and promoted feminism.

Question 32

Equal Employment Opportunities Act

Answer 32

1972

Question 33

National Committee to stop ERA

Answer 33

1972- by Phyllis Schlafly

Question 34

Roe v Wade

Answer 34

1973- declared women had a right to an abortion

Question 35

National Right to Life Committee

Answer 35

1973- campaigned against Roe v Wade by the argument that everyone had a right to live

Question 36

National Abortion Rights Action League

Answer 36

1974

Question 37

Pregnancy Discrimination Act

Answer 37

1978- makes it illegal to discriminate on the basis of pregnancy and childbirth