Women Essay Flashcards

1
Q

Opening: Prior to 1918 no women had suffrage and in 1867 , a proposal to grant women the vote was put forward

A

This however, had very little support as the majority of men argued that women were too emotional to comprehend politics and the role of women was very much to be a wife and child carer. This is because the role of the Suffragette campaigns were the most significant factor. Then this essay will discuss…

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2
Q

Under the leadership of Millicent fawcett

A

the Suffragists developed a huge nationwide network of over 400 branches by 1914.

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3
Q

Under the leadership mud march

A

The Suffragists built public and parliamentary support for female suffrage through a range of non-violent pressure tactics such as the Mud March in February 1907 which saw over 3,000 women from around the country congregate in London to march on Hyde Park. This demonstrates how the Suffragists were successful in presenting a united effort to raise awareness for the campaign for female Suffrage.

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4
Q

Under the leadership media attention

A

This media attention this march achieved raised the visibility of the campaign overall and pressured the government to take action. Their lack of column inches in newspapers due to their actions not being violent or unusual enough is widely accepted as an argument of their ineffectiveness.

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5
Q

Under the leadership evaluation

A

Their tactics failed to pressure MPs to take meaningful actions which delayed the discussion. The failure of conciliation bills to give the vote showed lack of force. Relate to question the government did not want to have violent methods by the suffragettes continuing after the war so change was made 1918 showing the suffragettes were more successful.

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6
Q

War work: opening

A

Women’s war work was vital they worked in said male jobs in mechanical and engineering settings such as munitionettes over 700,000 women were employed making munitions.

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7
Q

War work: ku munitions workers

A

By the end of the war 60% munitions workers were female. This disproved stereotypes that limited the impact on the view of women in the early 1900s, the economy would have suffered if it wasn’t for women stepping up. The vote was seen as a reward. as claimed by David Lloyd George in late 1917. Although the women enfranchised were married and older than the people who worked

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8
Q

Women’s war work: French women counter

A

in France women were not enfranchised I’m 1918 despite their their war effort. It could be argued this was due to there being no French equivalent to the women’s suffrage movement in Britain before the war.

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9
Q

Evaluation women’s war work.

A

Had an important role in achieving the vote and showed the power of women in the work force. The extension of the franchise didn’t include the women who did the war work. This shows war work was not a driving reason for enfranchising women. Relate to question the suffragettes were more significant otherwise the women who did the war work would have been enfranchised.

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10
Q

Suffragettes opening: origin of suffragettes

A

The women’s Social and Political Union was formed in Manchester in 1903. It was led by Emmeline Pankhurst It had been created out of frustration with the lack of progress achieved by the NUWSS.

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11
Q

Suffragettes ku militant tactics

A

From 1909 onwards the suffragettes used more militant tactics This included throwing stones at the windows of London clubs, setting fire to pillar boxes, attempts to set fire to the country houses of cabinet ministers and attacks on golf greens. This shows they used more direct tactics that were impossible to dismiss and violence worried the government.

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12
Q

Suffragettes hunger strikes

A

Many were sent to prison and then went on hunger strikes to further pressure the government as the government could not let them die as that would result in more bad publicity. This led to cat and mouse act temporary realise if prisoners are ill. This gained respect for the bravery of the suffragettes.

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13
Q

Suffragettes counter: prison

A

however during this time before WW1 all suffragette leaders where either in prison, unwell or living in hiding. By just before WW1, there were very few Suffragettes still actively campaigning. This shows that in the lead up to the war the suffragettes were almost burning out due to lack of leadership and lack of campaigning

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14
Q

Suffragettes evaluation

A

The tactics and the suffragettes were a very important factor Suffragettes brought the issue of votes for women to crisis point and once they raised the issue it was not going to go away, the suffragettes showed they could be responsible by giving up violence when the war broke out as Pankhurst famously shut down the campaign to help with the war effort. The violence worried government, government may have given women vote to prevent return to violence after the war.

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15
Q

Change in attitudes opening

A

In the late 19th century the attitude began to change due to their on efforts and due to changes in education politics and society. This made it harder to not enfranchise women.

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16
Q

Changing attitudes politics

A

Between 1869 and 1907 multiple reforms were made that brought greater political for women and increased involvement in public life. By 1880s it was normal for women to be members of parties and play a key role at constituency level this meant middle class women with more free time than men. Women being able to do more work led to both conservatives and Labour taking steps to formalise women involvement in their parties

17
Q

Changing attitude quote

A

With women becoming increasingly involved in public affairs it seemed inevitable that they would be enfranchised and due to women showing they are intelligent enough to vote as shown in S Langs parliamentary reform, 1785-1928 when it says “Women had proved their competence through local government experience - it was clear that the principle of female suffrage had been conceded” this further highlights that due to the suffragettes involvement in politics shows that they were able to understand the political system and were able to actively be a part of the political system just like men, resulting in a change of attitudes towards women as they were now seen as more competent due to their involvement in politics.

18
Q

Changing attitudes education

A

Changes in education helped change the attitudes on women as involvement in politics. Changes in education also helped change the attitudes about women women’s literacy rates grew by 24% in about 30 years from 1870 to 1900. This means that the change in attitude towards women allowed them to slowly take advantage of the educational opportunities which existed leading them into new careers in law and medicine making it even harder to justify not giving them the franchise although many had to take cookery subjects instead of other subjects meaning some weren’t getting the same education as men.

19
Q

Changing attitudes evaluation

A

This was a very important factor as by 1907 women had all political rights except voting in parliamentary elections. This undoubtedly led to further enfranchising of women.

20
Q

Changing attitudes evaluation counter

A

Although the anti suffrage league campaigned against female suffrage and they where also widely supported. Therefore it must be argued that women’s war work and especially the suffragettes were a more significant factor in gaining women’s suffrage by 1918 as their direct action against the government put more pressure on them.