Womans Movement Flashcards
What did Pankhurst do in 1889
Became an early supporter of the women’s franchise league
What did the women’s franchise league want
To enfranchise all women
When did Pankurst husband die
1898
What did Pankhurst do in 1903
Created a women’s only group - WSPU
What does WSPU stand for
Women’s social and political union
What was WSPU slogan
Deeds not words
What does deeds not words mean
Actions speak louder than words
What did Christabel and Annie Kennedy do in 1905
Went to a meeting to demand of the liberal part would support women’s suffrage
What happened to Annie and Christabel after after the liberal party meeting
They got arrested
What followed Annie’s and Christables arrest
Attention and interest , and it encouraged Pankhurst to have WSPU follow a more combative path
What does combative mean
Fighting / aggressive
What did WSPUS miltancy consist of at first
Pressuring politicians , holding rallies
What did Dailly Mail call WSPU , and what does this mean?
Suffragettes . Right of women to vote
What does suffragists mean
Less militant
Why did Pankurst encourage WSPU to reign in their demonstrations?
A bill on women’s suffrage might move forward
What militant actions were done in 1913? And what led to this
Window breaking , vandalizing public art , arson. Group was dissapointed bill didn’t happen.
What did women start doing in 1909, what did this lead to?
Hunger strikes in prison. Led to violent force feeding, and early releases.
Why did women have hunger strikes?
Wanted to be known as political prisoners, wanted early release
Why didn’t the government let the women just die in jail
It was an embarrassment to the government . More martyrs for the movmemt would make them more supported
Give an example of Pankurst on hunger strike
She was sentenced to 9 months in prison for throwing rocks at Prime ministers residence (1912) she was soon freed.
What was a new law in 1913
Prisoners temporary discharge for ill Health act was enacted
What does cat and mouse act mean
Prisoners who were released for health reasons , could be rearrested once recovered
How is the “cat and mouse act” got to do with women
Suffragette mice being persuaded by authorities .
What happened in 1913
Incendiary device when off in unocompanied house being built for the chancellor of the execqheuer , David Lloyd George
What sentence did Pankurst receive in 1913 because of the incendiary device
3 years of penal servitude for inciting the crime , she was released after a hunger strike
Where did Pankhurst to in 1914 and why
USA for fundraising and lecture tour
Why did Pankurst deliberately want to go to prison
For more political recognization of women’s movement
What happened during WW1
Pankurst called for a halt to miltancy and demonstrations. Encouraged women to join factories. Gov released all WSPU members
What did the women’s contribution in the war result in ? What were the voting ages ?
Limited voting rights - women had to be 30 and men had to be 21
What happened at the representation of people’s act in 1918
A bill gave women the right to be elected to parliament
How old was Pankurst when she died and when
69, she died in London on June 14 1928
When were women giving voting rights on par with men
July 2 1928 (21 years)
How was Pankhurst commemorated 2 years after her death
With a statue of her in Londons Victoria tower gardens
What did Americas time magazine do for Pankhurst
Named her among the 100 most important people of the 20th century
Name 3 methods the suffragettes used and why
Burned down churches - Church of England against suffragettes
Vandalized Oxford street , breaking all windows
Refused to pay tax
When did Emily Davison join WSPU
1906
What did Emily Davison give up to work full time for the suffragettes
Her teaching career
What was Emily Davisons arrest and sentence in 1909
Months hard labor at strange ways prison , threw rocks at carriage of David Lloyd George
What and where happened on June 14 1913
Emily Davison threw herself in front of the kings horse at the Epsom Darby
What was the Kings horses name
Amner
What did Davisons act of 1913 show about the women’s movement
They were desperate for change
She would make dangerous sacrifices for women
What happened to Davidson after the fall
Fractured her skull, had internal bleeding and died without regaining consciousness
What did people say Emily was trying to do at the Epsom Darby
Tie the WSPU flag to the horse
Why do people beleive she didn’t go to the Darby to die
A return train ticket home , and a recently booked holiday
What happened at Emily Davisons funeral
Women wore purple green and white
They said “ she died for women”
Where in the world , other than England is there a strong suffragette movement
The USA
Why was there a second wave if women already had the vote
There were still huge inequalities against women in society
What was expected from women
To become housewives and mothers and discriminated in work environments , could not get bank loans for houses unless husband signed it
How were women discriminated at work
Jobs went to men first, women seldom promoted, women payed less, no maternity leave, no childcare facilities
What jobs were women expected to have
Nurse , teaching , librarians , social workers
What is a patriachel society
Society dominated by men
What is a male hegemony
Men had the power in society , they would persuade women that it is In their best interest to accept their status
Why was there a lull during WW2 in women’s movmemt
Women were filling the men’s jobs
When was WW2 ? When was WW1
1939-1945
1914-1918
What were the reasons for the second wave movmemt
War , men’s jobs , women preferred it
War , democracy and human rights , aware of human rights , equality
United Nations , charter on human rights , UNO , hypocrisy
Baby boomers , after war , different attitudes , not afraid of tradition
Women leaders / writers
What did Germaine Greer write
The female eunuch
What did Betty friedman write
The feminine mystique
What did Simone de Beauvoir write
,the second sex
Who was Gloria Steinem
Particular strong voice for women’s movmemt , wrote a lot and gave talks to inspire women
What is to the left and right of the women’s wave
Left = radical extreme Right = moderate
Who was Rosie the riveter
Iconic visual for women in the war effort who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II
What were the methods and strategies used in the second wave
New organizations to lead fight for women’s rights( moderate)
Lobbying gov and business owners go to change laws
Radical feminists , hateful in their condemnation towards men
What organizations were ther during the second wave ? Who led them?
National organisation of women (NOW) Betty Friedman USA
Women’s liberation movement ( WLB) many leaders UK
What were the laws that NOW and WLB lobbied gov and business owners to change
Equal pay for equal work, meternity leave, right to abortion and birth control, posters , peaceful street parades . Safe houses for rape and abuse
What did some of the more radical feminists do during the second wave
Attacked beauty pageants like Miss America , envaded Men only bars , hateful and agressive in their condemtiom towards men
What did some of the radical extremists tell people to do
Destroy makeup, High heels , hair curlers , bras in the bin
What leader are the extreme radicals more extreme and radical then
Betty Friedman ( led national organisation of women ) NOW
What was there within the feminist movmemt , and what did they all want
There was a range of opinions and strategies , but they all wanted equality for women
What were the achievements of the second waves movmemt
People became aware and educated about women’s rights
Gov and businesses changed laws for gender equality
There are many women’s rights thanks to second wave
International women’s day . United Nations continues to work in less developed countries
What were the rights that the second wave achieved for women
Maternity leave , childcare facilities , equal pay , gay and lesbian rights , equal pay act (1963) birth control pill (1960) civil rights act (1963)
Is the women’s movmemt over
No , the struggle for women’s rights equality continues today. It is not over at all
What was Emiline Pankhurst
An English activist
What does gender equality mean
Unequal treatment based on gender
