Wolfpack77 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What is the definition of dynamic rollover?
A

The susceptibility of a helicopter to a lateral rolling tendency.

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2
Q
  1. What conditions must be present for dynamic rollover to occur?
A

Pivot point, rolling motion, exceeding the critical angle

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3
Q
  1. What is the Critical angle?
A

The angle which if exceeded, recovery is impossible

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4
Q
  1. What physical factors aid to prevent dynamic rollover?
A
  1. Main rotor thrust
  2. Asymmetrical loading
  3. Surface condition
  4. Slope
  5. Tail rotor thrust
  6. CG/Low Fuel
  7. Cross winds
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5
Q
  1. What are the other factors that affect dynamic rollover?
A
  1. Right skid down
  2. Roll rate
  3. Lateral loading
  4. Left pedal input ( creating tailrotor trust)
  5. Cross wind
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6
Q
  1. What are the human factors?
A
  1. Inattention
  2. Inexperience
  3. Inappropriate control inputs
  4. Failure to make timely corrective action
  5. Loss of visual reference
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7
Q
  1. What does the SOP require before landing to unimproved terrain?
A
  1. Hot Mic on
  2. Be familiar with dynamic rollover
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8
Q
  1. What are the slope abort criteria?
A
  • Cyclic limits
  • Aircraft limits
  • Mast bumping
  • Personal Limits
  • Sliding
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9
Q
  1. What control input aids in preventing dynamic rollover?
A

Smooth moderate collective application

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10
Q
  1. What is the definition of LTE?
A

An uncommented rapid right yaw that does not subside of its own accord, and if not quickly reacted to will cause loss of aircraft control.

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11
Q
  1. What is the Note for LTE?
A

Pilot must anticipate the variations, concentrate on flying the aircraft and not allow yaw rates to build

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12
Q
  1. What are the wind regions
A
  • Weather cock
    • (120-240 degrees) the aircraft will attempt to weathervane into the wind, causing a gradual left and right yaw rate.
  • Vortex ring state
    • (210-330 degrees) Causing inboard vortices to develop on the tail rotor. The aircraft will have Pitch, Roll, and Yaw excursions, causing heading impossible to maintain and increasing pilot work load.
  • Disk vortex
    • (280-330) Vortices caused by the main rotor are directed over the tail rotor at airspeeds between 10 – 30 knots. Aircraft will experience an uncommented rapid right yaw.
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13
Q
  1. What are the factors that contribute to the onset of LTE?
A
  • High gross weight
  • High DA
  • N2 (power) droop
  • Low forward airspeeds
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14
Q
  1. What are the steps of Tactical Flight Mission Planning?
A
  • Analyze the mission in accordance with METTT-C
  • Perform a Map and Photo recon
  • Select Mode of flight
    • Low level
    • Contour
    • NOE
  • Select Primary and Alternate Routes
    • Distance within 1 km
    • Ground speed 5 knots
    • Time within 1 min
    • Fuel + - 25 lbs.
  • Weather brief
  • Risk assessment
  • Crew brief
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15
Q
  1. What are the Hazards of Terrain Flight?
A
  • Meteorological
    • Sun, fog, snow, rain etc.
  • Physical
    • Natural
      • Birds, trees, vegetation
    • Man-made
      • Wires, buildings, antenna, towers
        • Wires
          • Fence
          • Guy
          • Power
          • Como
          • Booby traps
          • Missile guidance
  • Human
    • DEATH
    • Over/Under confidence
    • Vision
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16
Q
  1. What are the IIMC recovery Steps
A
  • Announce IIMC
  • Transition to instruments
  • Level the wings(attitude)
  • Heading
  • Turn only to avoid know objects
  • Torque to climb
  • Airspeed for climb
  • Trim
  • Set the Transponder
  • Comply with local SOP and policies
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17
Q
  1. What is the initial altitude the SOP requires to climb to if experiencing IIMC?
A
  • 3500 msl
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18
Q
  1. What Altitude does the SOP require to climb if you’re unable to contact Cairns?
A
  • 5000 msl
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19
Q
  1. What elements are in the initial radio call when experiencing IIMC?
A
  • ID
  • Aircraft Type
  • IIMC
  • Intentions
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20
Q
  1. What are the elements in the second transmission if experiencing IIMC?
A
  • Position
  • Altitude
  • Heading
  • Fuel in time
  • Personnel on board
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21
Q
  1. What is the minimum Wx (including winds) for training?
A
  • 700/1 Training, 600/2 or 500/3 recovery
  • Winds 30 knots/ 15knot guest spread
  • No NOE above 20 knots
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22
Q
  1. What weight and balance class is the 58A/C?
A

Class 2

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23
Q
  1. What is the definition of a class 2 A/C?
A

Weight and CG will readily be exceeded

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24
Q
  1. What does the PC check on the 365-4
A
  • Located in the log book
  • Date (90 days, rucker 365 days)
  • Configuration (extreme configurations can satisfy this requirement)
  • Accuracy
  • Remains in CG through duration of flight
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25
Q
  1. When is a class 2 weighed?
A
  • 24 months
  • Maintenance, modification, or overhaul where weight and CG cannot be accurately computed
  • Increase of weight by 1%
  • Suspected to be in error
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26
Q
  1. What maneuvers can be performed with hover power 0 – 4% from the max torque available?
A
  • Shallower than normal approaches to an improved surface
  • Normal take off
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27
Q
  1. What maneuvers can be performed with 5-9% from the max torque available?
A
  • Normal take-off
  • Normal approach
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28
Q
  1. What maneuvers can be performed with 10 -14% from the max torque available?
A
  • ITO
  • Confined area ops
  • Steep approaches
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29
Q
  1. What maneuvers require OGE power?
A
  • Terrain flight contour/NOE
  • Terrain flight approach
  • Terrain flight take off
  • Terrain flight decel
  • OGE hover check
  • Masking and Unmasking
  • Urban helo-pad operations
  • Platform landings
  • Max performance take-off
  • Pinnacle/ridgeling operations
  • High altitude low recon
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30
Q
  1. What do you check for when refueling is complete?
A
  • Cap secure
  • Grounding cables removed
  • No leaks
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31
Q
  1. What are the standards/Key tasks of Aerial Observation?
A
  • Detect
  • Identify
  • Locate
  • Report
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32
Q
  1. What is the definition of a visual/Sensor search?
A

The systematic search of a given area so that all parts of the area are observed or scanned

33
Q
  1. What is the Purpose of visual/sensor search?
A

To identify object (targets) or activities.

34
Q
  1. What factors effect a visual search
A
  • Weather
  • Altitude
  • Airspeed
  • Terrain
  • Cues (visual)
  • Human factor (limitations of the eye)
35
Q
  1. What are the visual cues?
A
  • Movement
  • Color
  • Light
  • Obvious sighting
  • Smoke and dust
  • Shapes and shadows
  • Texture
  • Trails
36
Q
  1. What are the scanning techniques?
A
  • Motive (>10knots)
  • Stationary (<10knots)
37
Q
  1. What are the motive work sectors?
A
  • Observation
  • NON-Observation
38
Q
  1. How is the Observation work sector divided?
A
  • Acquisition (+ - 45 degrees off the nose, or from the 10 to 2 o’clock)
  • Recognition (from the 10 and 2 o’clock back to the non-observation work sector, off the sides of the aircraft)
39
Q
  1. How do you scan using the motive technique?
A
  • Starting out from the aircraft working a serpentine pattern back toward the aircraft, overlapping the patterns by 50 meters.
40
Q
  1. How do you scan using the stationary technique?
A
  • Start in front of the aircraft working a serpentine pattern away from the aircraft, overlapping the pattern by 50 meters
41
Q
  1. What are the elements in the SPOT report?
A
  • Size
  • Activity
  • Location
  • Unit/uniform
  • Time
  • Equipment
42
Q
  1. What are the elements in the aviation SPOT report?
A
  • Size
  • Activity
  • Location
  • Time
  • What you’re doing
43
Q
  1. What are the categories of wind recognition cues?
A
  • Forecasted vs. Observed
  • Ground
  • Aircraft
44
Q
  1. How high do we have to cross wires?
A
  • 50 feet above, 100 meter prior to 100 meters past
45
Q
  1. How close can you parallel wires?
A
  • 100 meters
46
Q
  1. What is the minimum wire clearance when under-flying wires?
A
  • Hover height plus 20 feet
47
Q
  1. What are the fundamentals of recon?
A
  • Gain and maintain contact
  • Orient of the recon objective
  • Report rapidly and accurately
  • Retain the freedom of movement
  • Develop the situation
  • Ensure max recon forces forward
  • Ensure continuous recon
48
Q
  1. When would you use the funds of recon?
A
  • During a recon mission
  • When confronted with a situation not part of the primary mission
49
Q
  1. What are the Actions on Contact?
A
  • Deploy
  • Report
  • Maintain contact
  • Develop the situation
  • Choose a course of action
50
Q
  1. What are the elements of an attack helicopter target handover?
A
  • Alert and target description
  • Target location
  • Method of engagement/attack
  • Execution
  • Post attack plan
51
Q
  1. What are the minimum elements needed for a target handover?
A
  • Alert and target description
  • Target location
52
Q
  1. What ways can you give target location in the target handover?
A
  • Grid
  • Azimuth and distance
  • Clock direction and distance
53
Q
  1. What are the techniques of movement?
A
  • Traveling
  • Traveling over watch
  • Bounding over watch
54
Q
  1. What flight modes are associated with the techniques of movement?
A
  • Traveling (low level, contour)
  • Traveling over watch (contour)
  • Bounding over watch (NOE)
55
Q
  1. What is the enemy situation for each movement?
A
  • Traveling (not likely)
  • Traveling over watch (possible)
  • Bounding over watch (expected)
56
Q
  1. What are the categories of considerations for LZ/PZ recon?
A
  • Tactical
  • Technical
  • Meteorological
57
Q
  1. What are the tactical considerations for LZ/PZ recon?
A
  • Mission
  • Security
  • Location
58
Q
  1. What are the technical considerations for LZ/PZ recon?
A
  • Landing formation
  • Obstacles
  • Number and type of aircraft
  • Ground slope
  • Loads
  • Approach/departure direction
  • Size
  • Suitability (surface condition)
  • Vulnerability
59
Q
  1. What are the meteorological considerations for LZ/PZ recon?
A
  • Ceiling
  • Visibility
  • Density altitude
  • Winds
60
Q
  1. What are the holding area considerations?
A
  • Obstacles
  • Key terrain
  • Approach/Departure direction
  • Cover and concealment
  • Security
61
Q
  1. What is the purpose of a route recon?
A
  • To obtain detail information about a specific route and all adjacent terrain where enemy(or friendly) can influence movement along the route
62
Q
  1. What is the minimum information needed to conduct a route recon?
A
  • Designation of the route
  • Limits of the route
  • Units and vehicles using the route
  • Time of day,
  • Weather
  • Objectives
63
Q
  1. What are the considerations when reconing a road?
A
  • Surface type
  • Surface condition
  • Width (number of lanes)
  • Drive off
  • Drainage
  • Grades (7%) curves (25 meter radius)
  • Concealment
64
Q
  1. What are the considerations for a bridge, underpass, and tunnel recon?
A
  • Length
  • Width
  • Construction type
  • Condition
  • Clearance
  • Location
  • Bypass criteria
65
Q
  1. What are the types of bypasses?
A
  • Easy:
    • a bypass can be created with minimum work done
  • Difficult:
    • a bypass can be created with some work
  • Impossible:
    • a bypass area is outside the immediate vicinity, or the structure would have to be repaired or rebuilt to cross
66
Q
  1. What are the weather classifications?
A
  • X-all weather-the road with reasonable maintenance will maintain is max volume of traffic throughout the year
  • Y-Limited all-weather-with reasonable maintenance will maintain less than it normal volume of traffic
  • Z-fair weather-the road will become quickly impassable
67
Q
  1. What are the load baring categories?
A
  • 50 – average traffic
  • 80 – heavy traffic
  • 120 – very heavy traffic
68
Q
  1. What are the air route recon considerations?
A
  • Hazards to terrain flight
  • Ease of navigation
  • Locations of enemy
  • Locations of lz/pz
69
Q
  1. What are the elements of a call for fire?
A
  • ID
  • Warning order
  • Location
  • Target description
  • Method of engagement
  • Method of fire control
70
Q
  1. What are the warning orders?
A
  • Fire for effect (preferred)
  • Adjust fire
  • Suppression
  • Immediate suppression/immediate smoke
71
Q
  1. What are the different location methods?
A
  • Grid
  • Polar (FM 6-30)
  • Shift from a known point
  • TRP (target reference point, known)
72
Q
  1. How do you stop an engagement in process?
A
  • Check fire
  • Cease loading
73
Q
  1. What elements are in the MTO?
A
  • Firing battery
  • Adjusting battery
  • Number of rounds/tube
  • Shell/fuse combination
  • Target number
  • Time of flight
74
Q
  1. What are the elements in the adjustment?
A
  • Degrees magnetic
  • Left/Right
  • Add/Drop
  • Up/Down
75
Q
  1. What is the difference between suppression and immediate suppression?
A
  • Suppression is preplanned for preplanned targets
  • Immediate suppression is for unplanned targets
76
Q
  1. What rounds will be fired during an immediate suppression mission?
A
  • What is in the tube at the time of the engagement
77
Q
  1. What are the BDA elements after the engagement to the artillery unit?
A
  • End of mission
  • Target disposition
  • Record target if desired
78
Q
  1. What are the methods of fire control?
A
  • At my command (preferred)
  • When ready
  • Time on target